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1.
María L. Pignata Martha S. Cañas Hebe A. Carreras Liliana Orellana 《Environmental management》1997,21(5):793-801
Ligustrum lucidum Ait. f. tricolor (Rehd.) Rehd. in relation to atmospheric pollutants in Córdoba city, Argentina. The study area receives
regional pollutants and was categorized taking into account traffic level, industrial density, type of industry, location
of the sample point in relation to the street corner, treeless condition, and topographic level. Dried weight/fresh weight
ratio (DW/FW) and specific leaf area (SLA) were calculated, and concentrations of chlorophylls, carotenoids, total sulfur,
soluble proteins, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydroperoxy conjugated dienes (HPCD) were determined in leaf samples. Sulfur
content correlates positively with traffic density and SLA correlates negatively with some combinations of the categorical
variables; MDA correlates positively with topographic level and total protein concentration correlates negatively with treeless
condition. On the basis of our results, traffic, location of trees, type of industry, situation of a tree with respect to
others, and topographic level are the environmental variables to bear in mind when selecting analogous sampling points in
a passive monitoring program. An approximation to predict tree injury may be obtained by measuring DW/FW ratio, proteins,
pigments, HPCD, and MDA as they are responsible for the major variability of data. 相似文献
2.
Hijano CF Domínguez MD Gimínez RG Sínchez PH García IS 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,111(1-3):75-88
The evaluation of certain vascular plants that grow in the city of Madrid as biomonitors of SO2 air pollution in urban environments has been carried out. Total concentration of sulphur in leaves of the chosen higher plants
as well as other parameters in close relation to this contaminant (visible injury symptoms, chlorophyll a- and b-content and
peroxidase activity) have been determined in order to study the spatial distribution and temporal changes in SO2 deposition. Results obtained show that coniferous species such as Pinus pinea, were more sensitive to SO2 atmospheric concentration than leafy species as Quercux ilex subspecies ballota and, in the same way, bush species, such asPyracantha coccinea and Nerium oleander, were more sensitive than wooded species, such as Cedrus deodaraandPinus pinea, respectively. There is a higher accumulation of sulphur in vegetable species located near highways and dense traffic incidence
roads and near areas with high density of population. The minimum values for accumulation of SO2 were registered in winter and spring seasons (from January to April) due to the vegetative stop; while maximum values are
obtained during the summer season (from June to September), due to the stoma opening. The highest increments in sulphur concentration,
calculated as the difference between two consecutive months, are obtained in May and June for all considered species except
forCedrus deodara and Pyracantha coccinea, both species have few seasonal changes during the whole year. Some species are more sensitive to natural washing than others,
showing a decrease in sulphur concentration after rainfall periods. 相似文献
3.
4.
Macías-Vargas José-Alberto Campos-Mañas Marina Celia Agüera Ana Sánchez Pérez José Antonio Ramírez-Zamora Rosa-María 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):24008-24022
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, the activated persulfate oxidation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) using a low-grade titanium ore under sunlight or simulated sunlight were... 相似文献
5.
Unlike any other foraging phyllostomid bat studied to date, Poey’s flower bats (Phyllonycteris poeyi-Phyllostomidae) emit relatively long (up to 7.2 ms), intense, single-harmonic echolocation calls. These calls are readily
detectable at distances of at least 15 m. Furthermore, the echolocation calls contain only the first harmonic, which is usually
filtered out in the vocal tract of phyllostomids. The foraging echolocation calls of P. poeyi are more like search-phase echolocation calls of sympatric aerial-feeding bats (Molossidae, Vespertilionidae, Mormoopidae).
Intense, long, narrowband, single-harmonic echolocation calls focus acoustic energy maximizing range and favoring detection,
which may be particularly important for cruising bats, like P. poeyi, when flying in the open. Flying in enclosed spaces, P. poeyi emit short, low-intensity, frequency-modulated, multiharmonic echolocation calls typical of other phyllostomids. This is
the first report of a phyllostomid species emitting long, intense, single-harmonic echolocation calls with most energy in
the first harmonic. 相似文献
6.
Del-Pilar-Ruso Y De-la-Ossa-Carretero JA Giménez-Casalduero F Sánchez-Lizaso JL 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(2):240-250
Desalination is a growing activity that has introduced a new impact, brine discharge, which may affect benthic communities. Although the role of polychaetes as indicators to assess organic pollution is well known, their tolerance to salinity changes has not been examined to such a great extent. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of brine discharge over soft bottom polychaete assemblage along the Alicante coast (Southeast Spain) over a two year period. Changes in the polychaete assemblage was analysed using univariate and multivariate techniques. We compared a transect in front of the discharge with two controls. At each transect we sampled at three depths (4, 10 and 15 m) during winter and summer. We have observed different sensitivity of polychaete families to brine discharges, Ampharetidae being the most sensitive, followed by Nephtyidae and Spionidae. Syllidae and Capitellidae showed some resistance initially, while Paraonidae proved to be a tolerant family. 相似文献
7.
M. J. Patiño Ropero N. Rodríguez Fariñas R. Mateo J. J. Berzas Nevado R. C. Rodríguez Martín-Doimeadios 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(7):6074-6081
The impact of mercury (Hg) pollution in the terrestrial environments and the terrestrial food chains including the impact on human food consumption is still greatly under-investigated. In particular, studies including Hg speciation and detoxification strategies in terrestrial animals are almost non-existing, but these are key information with important implications for human beings. Therefore, in this work, we report on Hg species (inorganic mercury, iHg, and monomethylmercury, MeHg) distribution among terrestrial animal tissues obtained from a real-world Hg exposure scenario (Almadén mining district, Spain). Thus, we studied Hg species (iHg and MeHg) and total selenium (Se) content in liver and kidney of red deer (Cervus elaphus; n?=?41) and wild boar (Sus scrofa; n?=?16). Similar mercury species distribution was found for both red deer and wild boar. Major differences were found between tissues; thus, in kidney, iHg was clearly the predominant species (more than 81 %), while in liver, the species distribution was less homogeneous with a percentage of MeHg up to 46 % in some cases. Therefore, Hg accumulation and MeHg transfer were evident in terrestrial ecosystems. The interaction between total Se and Hg species has been evaluated by tissue and by animal species. Similar relationships were found in kidney for both Hg species in red deer and wild boar. However, in liver, there were differences between animals. The possible underlying mechanisms are discussed. 相似文献
8.
Perchlorate originates as a contaminant in the environment from its use in solid rocket fuels and munitions. The current US EPA methods for perchlorate determination via ion chromatography using conductivity detection do not include recommendations for the extraction of perchlorate from soil. This study evaluated and identified appropriate conditions for the extraction of perchlorate from clay loam, loamy sand, and sandy soils. Based on the results of this evaluation, soils should be extracted in a dry, ground (mortar and pestle) state with Milli-Q water in a 1 ratio 1 soil ratio water ratio and diluted no more than 5-fold before analysis. When sandy soils were extracted in this manner, the calculated method detection limit was 3.5 microg kg(-1). The findings of this study have aided in the establishment of a standardized extraction method for perchlorate in soil. 相似文献
9.
Lucía Viñas M. Angeles Franco J. José González Joan Albaigés 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(5):1551-1560
The distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was determined in surface sediments collected at 36 stations along the Spanish Northern continental shelf in March and September 2003, and February 2005. Concentrations of PAHs (Σ13 parent components) were in the range of 22-47528 μg/kg dw, the highest values corresponding to coastal urban-industrial hotspots and decreasing offshore. Sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) showed that concentrations of total PAHs were below the threshold effect level (TEC) in 27 stations (81%) and above in 7, two of which (Gijon and Bilbao) were above the probable effect concentration (PEC). The detailed study of diagnostic ratios suggested a rather uniform mixture of petrogenic and pyrolytic PAH sources along the continental shelf, with a slight decrease of the latter moving westwards and offshore. In order to assess the incidence of sediment sampling on the variability of the results, selected stations were also monitored in February and September 2004 and September 2005. The average field variance of the values obtained for each station was 31% that decreased to 23% when the values were normalized to TOC. 相似文献
10.
Roberto Rosal Ismael Rodea-Palomares Karina Boltes Francisca Fernández-Piñas Francisco Leganés Soledad Gonzalo Alice Petre 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(1):135-144