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1.
Jayasinghe Randika Liyanage Nilmini Baillie Caroline 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(2):557-565
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The key aim of a transition to a Green Economy is to enable economic growth and investment while increasing environmental quality and social... 相似文献
2.
Priscilla W. Baillie 《Environmental management》1995,19(1):115-126
Treated wastewater from a food-processing plant, together with intermittent outflow from a hypereutrophic pond, were discharged
over a 20-year period to a cattail-dominated wetland and hence to a small stream. Organics and nutriet levels in the effluent
were comparable to levels in domestic wastewater. Fifteen variables were monitored upstream and downstream from the plant
over 18 months. Means for most variables were slightly higher downstream, but differences between stations were not statistically
significant. Wetland processing of nitrogen was markedly affected by a change from drought to flood conditions. After accounting
for dilution, the overall effect of the wetland on the effluent was to reduce biological oxygen demand 43.7%, ammonia N 46.3%,
nitrate/nitrite N 17.4%, and conductivity 15.6%. However, total suspended solids were increased 41.4%, total organic nitrogen
28.8%, and total phosphorus 24.7%. It was concluded that the wetland effectively renovated the effluent but the removal efficiency
would be improved if the effluent were pretreated to reduce phosphorus and dispersed to increase residence time in the wetland. 相似文献
3.
Priscilla W. Baillie 《Environmental management》1992,16(4):531-540
Development of a marina in a flooded brownstone quarry will require construction of a canal to the Connecticut River through
an isthmus separating the two systems. An environmental audit over a 16-month period developed quantitative limnological data
required by regulatory agencies. The deep quarry basin, protected by high sandstone walls, became strongly stratified in summer.
Development of littoral vegetation in the quarry was prevented by the steep sides of the basin. Unusual characteristics of
the manmade quarry basin, compared to most natural lakes in Connecticut, included a mean depth of 14 m, an intense thermocline,
and negative heterograde oxygen profiles with metalimnetic minima. Alkalinity, conductivity, and nutrient levels differed
significantly between the quarry and the river. Mean chlorophyll a concentrations in the two systems were similar, but the
distribution of phytoplankton classes were quite different. The environmental audit, by comparing physical, chemical, and
biological characteristics of the quarry to those of the river, allowed prediction of changes in trophic status when the two
systems are joined. 相似文献
4.
S. T. Buckland S. R. Baillie J. McP. Dick D. A. Elston A. E. Magurran E. M. Scott R. I. Smith P. J. Somerfield A. C. Studeny A. Watt 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2012,19(4):601-626
We consider quantification of biodiversity in the context of targets set by the Convention on Biological Diversity. Implicit in such targets is a requirement to monitor biodiversity at a regional level. Few monitoring schemes are designed with these targets in mind. Monitored sites are typically not selected to be representative of a wider region, and measures of biodiversity are often biased by a failure to account for varying detectability among species and across time. Precision is often not adequately quantified. We review methods for quantifying the biodiversity of regions, consider issues that should be addressed in designing and evaluating a regional monitoring scheme, and offer a practical guide to what types of survey are appropriate for addressing different objectives for biodiversity monitoring. 相似文献
5.
D. Yellowlees M. L. Dionisio-Sese K. Masuda T. Maruyama T. Abe B. Baillie M. Tsuzuki S. Miyachi 《Marine Biology》1993,115(4):605-611
The mechanism whereby inorganic carbon (Ci) is acquired by the symbiotic association between the giant clam (Tridacna derasa) and zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium sp.) has been investigated. Ci in the haemolymph of the clam is in equilibrium with the surrounding sea water. The photosynthesis rate exhibited by the intact clam varies as a function of the Ci concentration in the clam haemolymph. The gill tissue contains high carbonic anhydrase activity which may be important in adjusting the Ci equilibrium between haemolymph and sea water. Zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium sp.) isolated from the clam mantle prefer CO2 to HCO
3
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as a source of inorganic carbon. The zooxanthellae have low levels of carbonic anhydrase on the external surface of the cell; however, mantle extracts display high carbonic anhydrase activity. Carbonic anhydrase is absent from the mantle of aposymbiotic clams (T. gigas), indicating that this enzyme may be essential to the symbiosis. The enzyme is probably associated with the zooxanthellae tubes in the mantle. The results indicate that carbonic anhydrase plays an important role in the supply of carbon dioxide within the clam symbiosis. 相似文献
6.
B. K. Baillie C. A. Belda-Baillie V. Silvestre M. Sison A. V. Gomez E. D. Gomez V. Monje 《Marine Biology》2000,136(5):829-836
We have compared the random-amplified-polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns of Symbiodinium isolates from seven species of giant clams to investigate the large genetic variation that we previously reported for this
group of dinoflagellate symbionts using allozyme analysis. Comparisons of 163 RAPD characters by unweighted pair-group arithmetic-average
cluster analysis (UPGMA) corroborate our previous findings that giant clams associate with a large number of genetically distinguishable
algal symbionts, and that the isolates from a single Tridacna gigas individual form a group of closely related algae. However, the overall topology of the UPGMA tree constructed from RAPD data
differs from that of the previous allozyme data, indicating that the combined data we have collected to date are insufficient
to accurately infer phylogenetic affiliations between the isolates studied. Comparisons of our data set with those published
for strains of Gymnodinium catenatum, a toxic dinoflagellate with a sexual life stage, shows that our isolates are even more diverse. Algal isolates from giant
clams have a level of RAPD variation comparable to organisms that are able to undergo sexual recombination. This study demonstrates
the sensitivity of the RAPD technique in detecting genetic diversity in this group of algae, and highlights the need for more
comparative data for the major clades of Symbiodinium.
Received: 24 August 1999 / Accepted: 8 March 2000 相似文献
7.
Caroline Baillie Darko MatovicThimothy Thamae Shanil Vaja 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(11):973-978
This paper highlights an innovative model of waste management combined with poverty reduction, which has been developed by the organisation Waste for Life (wasteforlife.org) - a network of academics, students, practitioners and on the ground cooperative partners in low income communities. The Waste for Life teams work with local cooperatives to create waste-based composites, which may be sold in local markets, thereby creating an income stream. The application of this model to the context of cartoneros (waste picker) cooperatives in Buenos Aires, Argentina, reveals that viable products can be made from paper and plastic waste, with low-impact material preparation that circumvents the need for chemically intensive, polluting and mechanically degrading procedures, preserving recycled fibre integrity. Tests on material samples indicate mechanical properties comparable to products made with more complex processing. The production model is based on the philosophy that not only the waste materials, but also the production equipment should be locally sourced and manufactured and products created to suit local markets. A simple reproducible model has been developed for the local manufacture of composites from waste, which can provide an income source for waste pickers as well as providing an innovative waste management solution. 相似文献
8.
Baillie Brenda R. Evanson Anthony W. Unsworth Diana Jeram Sunita 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(31):24494-24508
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Limited information is available on the risk to aquatic environments from the aerial application of copper fungicides to treat dothistroma needle... 相似文献
9.
Population Declines and Range Contractions among Lowland Farmland Birds in Britain 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
R.J. Fuller R.D. Gregory D.W. Gibbons J.H. Marchant J.D. Wilson S.R. Baillie N. Carter 《Conservation biology》1995,9(6):1425-1441
We used extensive atlas and census data to assess trends in the distribution and population levels of birds on lowland farmland in Britain between the late 1960s and early 1990s. Many species of farmland birds have become less widespread or have declined in numbers, or both, but few have become more wide-spread or have increased. Of the 28 species classified as farmland birds the distributions of 24 contracted between 1970 and 1990. Of the 18 farmland species for which it was possible to assess population change, 15 were less abundant in 1990 than in 1970. Seven of the species were estimated to have undergone population decreases of at least 50%. Farmland species showing the largest population declines tended also to show substantial range contractions. Farmland species underwent an appreciably larger contraction of distribution than species associated with any other habitat. Furthermore, farmland species tended to decrease in abundance, whereas woodland species tended to increase. Population declines among farmland birds became evident in the mid- to late 1970s, a period when several fundamental changes were taking place in British agricultural practices. These included a great reduction in the spring sowing of cereals, a simplification of crop rotations, increased use of chemical pesticides and inorganic fertilizers, and more-intensive grassland management. We suggest that the declines of farmland bird species have been caused or aggravated by this pervasive intensification of agriculture. Existing research on declining farmland birds, however, indicates that there is no single mechanism underlying the population changes. We identify priorities for research, focusing mainly on relationships between bird populations and agricultural practices, but we also recognize a need for a better understanding of the role of predation. 相似文献
10.
Jonathan E. M. Baillie 《Conservation biology》2010,24(5):1432-1434