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Pignon Baptiste Borel Cynthia Lajnef Mohamed Richard Jean-Romain Szöke Andrei Hemery François Leboyer Marion Foret Gilles Schürhoff Franck 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(59):88577-88586
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Particulate matters with a diameter of less than 10 µm (PM10) or less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) are major air pollutants. Their... 相似文献
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Baptiste Martinet Simon Dellicour Guillaume Ghisbain Kimberly Przybyla Ella Zambra Thomas Lecocq Mira Boustani Ruslan Baghirov Denis Michez Pierre Rasmont 《Conservation biology》2021,35(5):1507-1518
Climate plays a key role in shaping population trends and determining the geographic distribution of species because of limits in species’ thermal tolerance. An evaluation of species tolerance to temperature change can therefore help predict their potential spatial shifts and population trends triggered by ongoing global warming. We assessed inter- and intraspecific variations in heat resistance in relation to body mass, local mean temperatures, and evolutionary relationships in 39 bumblebee species, a major group of pollinators in temperate and cold ecosystems, across 3 continents, 6 biomes, and 20 regions (2386 male specimens). Based on experimental bioassays, we measured the time before heat stupor of bumblebee males at a heatwave temperature of 40 °C. Interspecific variability was significant, in contrast to interpopulational variability, which was consistent with heat resistance being a species-specific trait. Moreover, cold-adapted species are much more sensitive to heat stress than temperate and Mediterranean species. Relative to their sensitivity to extreme temperatures, our results help explain recent population declines and range shifts in bumblebees following climate change. 相似文献
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Baptiste Laubie Aurélie Ohannessian Valérie Desjardin Patrick Germain 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2012,20(4):1019-1026
The behavior of silicone elastomers in landfills has not been well studied. Their impact on the environment is not known and, consequently, it has not been possible to establish robust Life Cycle Assessments of these materials. In the first part of this study, a methodology for assessing silicone degradation pathways is described. The chemical and biological parameters were considered separately. Firstly, parameters such as pH, redox potential and cation concentration were monitored and then degradation in aerobic and anaerobic conditions was investigated. Any impacts on microbial diversity were also taken into account, using bio-molecular tools. In the second part, a case study on the degradation of Room Temperature Vulcanizable silicone elastomers was performed to validate this methodology. The results indicate that condensation catalysts play a key role at their end-of-life, in both chemical and biological degradation. Moreover, these compounds have a significant effect on microbial communities (similarities with blank samples <5?%). As a consequence, the choice of catalyst should be carefully considered to assess any environmental impacts. 相似文献
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Chloé Merlin Marion Devers Jérémie Béguet Baptiste Boggio Nadine Rouard Fabrice Martin-Laurent 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(5):4185-4198
The insecticide chlordecone applied for decades in banana plantations currently contaminates 20,000 ha of arable land in the French West Indies. Although the impact of various pesticides on soil microorganisms has been studied, chlordecone toxicity to the soil microbial community has never been assessed. We investigated in two different soils (sandy loam and silty loam) exposed to different concentrations of CLD (D0, control; D1 and D10, 1 and 10 times the agronomical dose) over different periods of time (3, 7, and 32 days): (i) the fate of chlordecone by measuring 14C-chlordecone mass balance and (ii) the impact of chlordecone on microbial community structure, abundance, and function, using standardized methods (-A-RISA, taxon-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR), and 14C-compounds mineralizing activity). Mineralization of 14C-chlordecone was inferior below 1 % of initial 14C-activity. Less than 2 % of 14C-activity was retrieved from the water-soluble fraction, while most of it remained in the organic-solvent-extractable fraction (75 % of initial 14C-activity). Only 23 % of the remaining 14C-activity was measured in nonextractable fraction. The fate of chlordecone significantly differed between the two soils. The soluble and nonextractable fractions were significantly higher in sandy loam soil than in silty loam soil. All the measured microbiological parameters allowed discriminating statistically the two soils and showed a variation over time. The genetic structure of the bacterial community remained insensitive to chlordecone exposure in silty loam soil. In response to chlordecone exposure, the abundance of Gram-negative bacterial groups (β-, γ-Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Bacteroidetes) was significantly modified only in sandy loam soil. The mineralization of 14C-sodium acetate and 14C-2,4-d was insensitive to chlordecone exposure in silty loam soil. However, mineralization of 14C-sodium acetate was significantly reduced in soil microcosms of sandy loam soil exposed to chlordecone as compared to the control (D0). These data show that chlordecone exposure induced changes in microbial community taxonomic composition and function in one of the two soils, suggesting microbial toxicity of this organochlorine. 相似文献
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Philippe Gillard Baptiste Longuet 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2013,26(6):1506-1514
In this work, a new modelling of interactions between components of aluminium/ammonium perchlorate/HTPB propellant during slow heating is presented. The phenomenon was previously described by experimental approaches performed in the laboratory. Heat and mass balance will be considered both in the solid and gas phases. The interaction of the decomposition products of both ammonium perchlorate and HTPB binder is shown thanks to previous experiments and a specific numerical model allows us to reproduce this trend. Mass and heat transfers are taken into account in each particle of ammonium perchlorate and inside the matrix of the HTPB binder. The chemical reaction in the gas phase is in interaction with the adsorption desorption of several species with regard to the surface grains. The whole set of equations is solved thanks to Comsol multiphysic solver and the numerical results are compared with mass loss measurements by means of a thermogravimetric device. 相似文献
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Hélène Hégaret Gary H. Wikfors Philippe Soudant Christophe Lambert Sandra E. Shumway Jean Baptiste Bérard Patrick Lassus 《Marine Biology》2007,152(2):441-447
The possible effect of Alexandrium spp. containing paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins on the hemocytes of oysters was tested experimentally. In one
trial, eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica Gmelin, were exposed to bloom concentrations of the sympatric dinoflagellate, Alexandrium
fundyense Balech, alone and in a mixture with a non-toxic diatom, Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grun) Fryxell et Hasle. Subsequently, another experiment exposed Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, to a mixed suspension of the sympatric, toxic species Alexandrium catenella (Whedon et Kofoid) Balech, with T. weissflogii. Measurements of numbers of oyster hemocytes, percentages of different cell types, and functions (phagocytosis, reactive
oxygen species (ROS) production, and mortality) were made using flow-cytometry. During and after exposure, almost no significant
effects of Alexandrium spp. upon hemocyte numbers, morphology, or functions were detected, despite observations of adductor-muscle paralysis in
C. virginica and measured toxin accumulation in C. gigas. The only significant correlation found was between toxin accumulation at one temperature and higher numbers of circulating
live and dead hemocytes in C. gigas. The PSP toxins are known to interfere specifically with sodium-channel function; therefore, the finding that the toxins
had no effect on measured hemocyte functions suggests that sodium-channel physiology is not important in these hemocyte functions.
Finally, because oysters were exposed to the living algae, not purified toxins, there was no evidence of bioactive compounds
other than PSP toxins affecting hemocytes in the two species of Alexandrium studied. 相似文献
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