Occurrence of dioxin-like POPs in soils from urban green space in a metropolis,North China: implication to human exposure

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urban green space is a special space for urban life and natural contact and has an important impact on human health. However, little information is...     

羧甲基菊粉对CaCO3晶体表面Zeta电位及微观形貌的影响

羧甲基菊粉(CMI)是一种含有羧基(-COOH)的多糖类聚合物,探讨了其作为新型水处理药剂对CaCO3晶体结垢形成的影响.研究了其对CaCO3晶体表面Zeta电位的影响,将等浓度的Ca2+与CO2-3的溶液混合,适时测定CaCO3晶体生长过程中表面Zeta电位及溶液中pH的变化.实验结果表明,CaCO3晶体表面带有负电荷,在CaCO3晶体生长过程中加入CMI,对CaCO3晶体表面Zeta电位没有明显影响,使CaCO3溶液pH降低的趋势稍有减缓.并利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等分析方法对新生成的CaCO3晶体进行表征,探讨CMI对CaCO3晶体微观形貌的影响.     

西太平洋海域海水和雨水的化学特征

本工作测定了西太平洋海域中海水、海水悬浮物和海面上雨水的元素组成和浓度。通过富集因子的计算,探讨海面上雨水中微量元素的富集程度及其来源,讨论了海面上气溶胶粒子大小与洗出因子的关系,结果表明不同质量粒径大小的微量元素在公海上具有相似的洗出因子。     

近中国海域大气微量元素输入量研究

本文研究了我国近海海域海上气溶胶的微量元素浓度的变化，它的来源、输送，以及某些微量元素沉降于该海域的总沉降量。初步研究估计尘土气溶胶沉降于近海海域的总沉降量为：（１５－８００）×１０＾１０ｇ／ａ；大气尘土总沉降量约占输入黄海海域每年泥沙总输入量的１－３５％。     

高铁酸盐对丁基羟基茴香醚的去除效果和机理研究

通过研究高铁酸盐(Fe（VI）)对丁基羟基茴香醚（BHA）的去除效果和机理,阐明这种广泛使用的抗氧化剂在水处理中的转化归趋 .详细考察了溶液 p H 值、氧化剂量、BHA 初始浓度、常见阴阳离子、腐殖酸（HA）和实际水质对其去除效果的影响 .结果表明 Fe（VI）可高效去除水中BHA,升高 p H 值、增加氧化剂投加量及分批投加 Fe（VI）,对 BHA 去除率更高 . 当 pH= 9.0 时,分别于 0 和 30 s 分两次投加 100 μmol·L^-1的Fe（VI）可将 50 μmol·L^-1BHA 在 60 s 内完全去除 . 体系中离子 Cl^-、HSO₃^-、NO₂^-、Ca²⁺、Cu²⁺、Fe³⁺和腐殖酸（HA）的存在则会抑制底物的降解,且Cl^-、HSO₃^-和Ca²⁺的抑制效果...     

生物多样性的海拔分布格局研究及进展

生物多样性的海拔分布格局受制于气候、空间、环境等多种因子的影响,综合大量研究发现,无论是动植物还是微生物,环境因子对其影响与驱动的作用最明显.海拔梯度是决定分布格局的重要因素之一,因此探讨生物多样性在环境因子驱动下的海拔分布格局具有重要意义.文章分别探讨了植物、土壤动物和土壤微生物多样性沿海拔梯度的变化规律,揭示了温度...     

反式ABA二醇的立体化学及其生物活性

对灰葡萄孢霉(Botrytis cinerea TB-3-H8)的发酵液进行梯度提取和柱层析分离,得到两种无色晶体,经波谱方法鉴定为ABA和反式ABA二醇;并经NOESY实验研究了反式ABA二醇的优势立体化学.生物抑制活性实验结果表明,反式ABA二醇的半抑制浓度与ABA十分接近,两者均能够高效地抑制水稻种子胚芽的萌发生长.图3表1参14     

Effcient degradation of lube oil by a mixed bacterial consortium

A laboratory study was performed to assess the biodegradation of lube oil in bio-reactor with 304# stainless steel as a biofilm carrier. Among 164 oil degrading bacterial cultures isolated from oil contaminated soil samples, Commaonas acidovorans Px1, Bacillus sp. Px2, Pseudomonas sp. Px3 were selected to prepare a mixed consortium for the study based on the e ciency of lube oil utilization. The percentage of oil degraded by the mixed bacterial consortium decreased slightly from 99% to 97.2% as the concentration of lube oil was increased from 2000 to 10,000 mg/L. The degradation of TDOC (total dissolved organic carbon) showed a similar tendency compared with lube oil removal, which indicated that the intermediates in degradation process hardly accumulated. Selected mixed bacterial consortium showed their edge compared to activated sludge. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photos showed that biofilms on stainless steel were robust and with a dimensional framework constructed by EPS (extracellular polymeric substances), which could promote the biodegradation of hydrocarbons. The increase of biofilm followed first-order kinetics with rate of 0.216 g glucose/(cm2 day) in logarithm phase. With analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with removal of lube oil and TDOC, mixed bacterial consortium could degrade benzene and its derivatives, aromatic ring organic matters with a percentage over 97%.     

荒漠草原4种典型植物群落夏季土壤呼吸及枯枝落叶分解释放CO2贡献量

采用动态密闭气室分析法测定了沙蒿（Artemisia desertorum）群落、赖草（Leymus secalinus）群落、甘草（Glycyrrhizauralensis）群落和冰草（Agropyron crisatum）群落4种典型荒漠草原植物群落土壤呼吸和枯落物分解的CO2释放速率（RS＋L）、土壤呼吸CO2释放速率（RS）,利用推导法估算得到了枯落物分解的CO2释放速率（RL）及其对总释放的贡献。得到了如下结论：（1）4种群落的RS＋L差异较大,其平均值大小排序分别为冰草群落〉赖草群落〉甘草群落〉沙蒿群落,且各群落的RS＋L在1 d中是不稳定的,均表现为不对称的单峰曲线形式;土壤基础呼吸大小排序分别为冰草群落〉甘草群落〉赖草群落〉沙蒿群落,且土壤基础呼吸高的土壤,其土壤养分状况较好。（2）RS相对于气温具有时滞性,4个群落的平均值大小为冰草群落〉赖草群落〉沙蒿群落〉甘草群落。（3）RL平均值大小排序分别为冰草群落〉甘草群落〉赖草群落〉沙蒿群落;对RS＋L的贡献率大小排序为甘草群落〉冰草群落〉沙蒿群落〉赖草群落,表明RL值大的,其对RS＋L的贡献率不一定大,两者之间不存在正相关关系。不同植物群落枯落物对土壤呼吸的贡献与枯落物量、温度因子的相关关系并未表现出一致性,但与15 cm处的地温相关性最高。夏季RL对RS＋L的平均贡献量（以CO2计）在0.05~0.16 g.m-2.h-1之间,平均贡献率在12.88%~35.33%,是大气CO2的一个重要的排放源。     

Preparation and application of amino functionalized mesoporous nanofiber membrane via electrospinning for adsorption of Cr3+ from aqueous solution

Novel amino (-NH₂) functionalized mesoporous polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)/SiO₂ composite nanofiber membranes were fabricated by a one-step electrospinning method using poly (vinyl alcohol) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) mixed with cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as the structure directing agent. Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane was used for functionalization of the internal pore surfaces. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), element analyzer and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The nanofiber diameters, average pore diameters and surface areas were 100-700 nm, 2.86 nm and 873.62 m²/g, respectively. These mesoporous membranes functionalized with -NH₂ groups exhibited very high adsorptions properties based on the adsorption of Cr³⁺+ from an aqueous solution. Equilibrium adsorption was achieved after approximately 20 min and more than 97% of chromium ions in the solution were removed. The membrane could be regenerated through acidification.