基于二价阳离子去除的胞外聚合物提取方法特性比较

胞外聚合物（EPS）在决定活性污泥机械稳定性及理化性质方面发挥着重要作用,对EPS的深入研究和理解有利于更好地认识活性污泥絮体的结构、功能和性质.对EPS高效低损的提取是EPS异位研究的重要前提,而基于二价阳离子去除的EPS提取方法是重要途径之一.本研究分别以实际污水厂和实验室生物反应器活性污泥为EPS提取对象,对阳离子交换树脂（CER）法、乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）法和柠檬酸钠（SC）法的EPS提取特性进行比较,从而系统梳理基于二价阳离子去除的EPS提取法的不同特点.结果表明,SC法具有最高的EPS提取效率,其EPS提取总量是CER法的1.36～1.53倍,是EDTA法的1.98～2.39倍;蛋白质仍然是3种提取法所得EPS的主要组分,但CER法具有最高的蛋白/多糖比,SC法次之,而EDTA法最低,且高的EPS提取量伴随着高的DNA含量;CER法对EPS组分的扰动最小,可以最大限度地保持EPS组分的原有特性,而EDTA法和SC法会破坏EPS中大分子组分及芳香族蛋白质的分子结构,从而显著改变EPS分子量分布和荧光特性;EPS提取过程中外源提取剂的投加将显著影响EPS分子结构中的官能团分布...     

热解镀层石墨管在无标准分析法测定环境样品中镉的应用

本文选择了最佳实验条件和混俣基体改进剂（钯＋酒石酸），使热解镀层石墨等有可能用于无标准分析法测定各种环境标准参考物质中的镉。引入有效原子化温度（Ｔｅｆｆ）概念后，在Ｔｅｆｆ大于１６００Ｋ和使用钯和酒石酸为混合基体改进剂，用各种环境标准参考物溶液得到的实验特征量值，接近理论特征量值。     

浅谈N-（1-萘基）-乙二胺二盐酸盐对苯胺类测定的影响

实验就N-（1-萘基）-乙二胺二盐酸盐对苯胺类测定的影响进行探讨,结果表明,测定低浓度苯胺类样品时,N-（1-萘基）-乙二胺二盐酸盐的品质对测定产生重要影响,所以测定低浓度苯胺类样品时建议采用进口N-（1-萘基）-乙二胺二盐酸盐进行分析。     

Facile synthesis of N-doped carbon dots for direct/indirect detection of heavy metal ions and cell imaging

In this study, an approach for the facile, rapid, energy-saving, and sensitive determination of Fe³⁺ and Cr(VI) was developed. L-arginine/D-glucose carbon quantum dots (Arg/Glu-CQDs), with a photoluminescence quantum yield of 21%, were synthesized from L-arginine and D-glucose through a facile, hydrothermal process. The maximum emission wavelength of Arg/Glu-CQDs was observed at 450 nm, under an excitation wavelength of 365 nm. In addition, Arg/Glu-CQDs exhibited a sensitive and selective response to Fe³⁺ compared to Fe²⁺ and other metal ions. The Arg/Glu-CQDs’ fluorescence was noticeably quenched through the inner filter effect (IFE) when Arg/Glu-CQDs were mixed with Fe³⁺. Accordingly, the Arg/Glu-CQDs/Fe²⁺ system could selectively detect Cr(VI); Cr(VI) could oxidize Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺ and quench the fluorescence. The fluorescence sensor system (i.e., the Arg/Glu-CQDs/Fe²⁺ system) showed high sensitivity and excellent selectivity for the detection of Fe³⁺ and Cr(VI) in river water samples. Satisfactory detection efficiencies ranging from 97.07 to 103.46% were obtained. The cytotoxicity of Arg/Glu-CQDs was evaluated through an MTT assay using A549 cells as the target, to extend the application of Arg/Glu-CQDs to biological systems; the MTT assay indicated that the Arg/Glu-CQDs is non-cytotoxicity. Arg/Glu-CQDs were also successfully imaged in A549 cells indicating further application possibilities in bioimaging.

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