Mo-N-TiO_2光催化剂的制备、表征及其活性提高机制

以钼酸铵和氨水分别为钼源和氮源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Mo-N-TiO2光催化剂,并对其进行了XRD、XPS和UV-visDRS表征。XRD结果表明,Mo、N共掺杂有效抑制了TiO2晶粒的生长,提高了TiO2由锐钛矿向金红石相的转变温度。UV-vis表明,Mo-N-TiO2光催化剂可见光吸收能力增强,吸收带边明显＂红移＂,且钼酸铵添加量（相对TiO2）为0.5%的样品＂红移＂程度最大,最大吸收带边为550 nm。XPS分析结果表明,Mo取代了TiO2晶格中的部分Ti4＋,以Mo6＋形式存在的,而N以Ti—N及N—Ti—O形式存在。以罗丹明B为模型污染物,重点考察了钼酸铵添加量与焙烧温度对Mo-N-TiO2光催剂性能的影响。结果表明,400℃焙烧下、钼酸铵添加量为0.5%的样品催化活性最好。模拟太阳光下光照120min对罗丹明B的降解率达到96.8%,是纯TiO2的2.42倍。     

Mo-N-TiO2光催化剂的制备、表征及其活性提高机制

以钼酸铵和氨水分别为钼源和氮源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Mo-N-TiO2光催化剂,并对其进行了XRD、XPS和UV-visDRS表征。XRD结果表明,Mo、N共掺杂有效抑制了TiO2晶粒的生长,提高了TiO2由锐钛矿向金红石相的转变温度。UV-vis表明,Mo-N-TiO2光催化剂可见光吸收能力增强,吸收带边明显"红移",且钼酸铵添加量(相对TiO2)为0.5%的样品"红移"程度最大,最大吸收带边为550 nm。XPS分析结果表明,Mo取代了TiO2晶格中的部分Ti4+,以Mo6+形式存在的,而N以Ti—N及N—Ti—O形式存在。以罗丹明B为模型污染物,重点考察了钼酸铵添加量与焙烧温度对Mo-N-TiO2光催剂性能的影响。结果表明,400℃焙烧下、钼酸铵添加量为0.5%的样品催化活性最好。模拟太阳光下光照120min对罗丹明B的降解率达到96.8%,是纯TiO2的2.42倍。     

碳中和愿景下电力部门低碳转型路径研究

碳中和愿景一方面加速了全社会电气化发展,致使电力需求持续增加,另一方面对尽早实现零碳电力提出要求,电力部门低碳转型进程更加紧迫而复杂。本文首先定性分析碳中和背景下电力部门的总体转型思路和技术不确定性影响,其次采用电力部门与终端部门耦合的C~3IAM/NET模型对电力需求进行预测,同时根据关键低碳技术发展的保守预期和积极预期设计多种情景,以开展电力低碳转型路径优化和成本效益研究。结果显示,发电碳排放量峰值可能出现在40亿～42亿吨,在2049—2060年有望实现零碳电力,电力部门低碳转型速度和效果因技术不确定性而存在明显差异。2021—2060年电力低碳转型累计投入为171万亿～180万亿元,CCS技术累计减排贡献超过250亿吨,可再生能源电力占比需达到68%以上,风电和光电将成为主要电力。     

How to achieve a win-win situation between economic growth and carbon emission reduction: empirical evidence from the perspective of industrial structure upgrading

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Over the past 40 years since China’s reform and opening up, the industrial structure has undergone tremendous changes. The rapid...     

Relating Cd2 + binding by humic acids to molecular weight: A modeling and spectroscopic study

Molecular weight(Mw) is a fundamental property of humic acids(HAs), which considerably affect the mobility and speciation of heavy metals in the environment. In this study, soil humic acid(HA) extracted from Jinyun Mountain, Chongqing was ultra-filtered into four fractions according to the molecular weight, and their properties were characterized.Complexation of cadmium was investigated by titration experiments. For the first time,Langmuir and non-ideal competitive adsorption-Donna(NICA-Donnan) models combined with fluorescence excitation-emission matrix(EEM) quenching were employed to elucidate the binding characteristics of individual Mw fractions of HA. The results showed that the concentration of acidic functional groups decreased with increasing Mw, especially the phenolic groups. The humification degree and aliphaticity increased with increasing Mw as indicated by elemental composition analysis and FT-IR spectra. The binding capacity of Cd~(2+) to Mw fractions of HA followed the order UF1( 5 kDa) UF2(5–10 kDa) UF4( 30 kDa) UF3(10–30 kDa). Moreover, the distribution of cadmium speciation indicated that the phenolic groups were responsible for the variations in binding of Cd~(2+) among different Mw fractions. The results of fluorescence quenching illustrated that the binding capacity of Cd~(2+) to Mw fractions was controlled by the content of functional groups, while the binding affinity was largely influenced by structural factors. The results provide a better understanding of the roles that different HA Mw fractions play in heavy metal binding,which has important implications in the control of heavy metal migration and bio-toxicity.     

聚己内酯复合固体碳源的制备及其深度脱氮性能研究

以聚己内酯（PCL）为骨架结合不同低成本碳源制备得到PCL复合碳源,静态释放试验筛选出适用于污水深度脱氮的复合碳源,批式试验研究其脱氮性能.并通过比较碳源表面特征、反硝化功能基因丰度与微生物群落结构特征分析其脱氮机理.结果表明,PCL/玉米淀粉连续30 d释碳性能稳定,氮、磷释放量均低于1.0 mg·L^-1,对水质影响较小,可用于生活污水深度脱氮.批式脱氮试验结果显示,PCL/玉米淀粉反硝化系统脱氮效果好,反硝化功能基因nirS、nirK拷贝数高,能够有效富集反硝化菌.此外,PCL/玉米淀粉系统中群落丰富度与多样性更高,系统抗逆性更强.因此,PCL/玉米淀粉能够实现生活污水长效稳定深度脱氮.     

太原市城市生活垃圾处理现状及对策研究

城市生活垃圾处理是城市管理和公共环境服务的重要组成部分,它事关建设资源节约型与环境友好型社会,实施治污减排,保障城市公共环境与卫生安全,提高城市人居环境质量与生态文明水平以及实现城市可持续发展的战略大局。本文通过对太原市城市生活垃圾现状与处理方式的调查研究,分析探讨了太原市城市生活垃圾处理所面监的主要问题与制约因素,并针对当前太原市城市生活垃圾处理与利用"瓶颈"与压力,提出了进一步改进并完善太原市城市生活垃圾处理及利用的对策与措施。     

藿香蓟(Ageratum conyzoides)对土壤铅胁迫的生理响应

为了解日益增加的城市土壤铅(Pb)胁迫对城市园林地被植物的影响,采用盆栽实验研究土壤Pb胁迫对藿香蓟(Ageratum conyzoides)叶片生理特性的影响.结果显示,Pb胁迫处理降低了藿香蓟叶片的叶绿素总量及叶绿素a和b含量,质膜透性增大,丙二醛(MDA)含量上升.随着Pb浓度增加,同一时期内藿香蓟叶片SOD、POD和CAT酶活性均上升,但土壤Pb浓度超过750 mg kg-1或1 000 mg kg-1后保护酶活性开始逐渐下降.随着胁迫处理时间的延长,SOD活性在d 20、d 40和d 60时都高于胁迫处理d 7时的活性,POD活性是在d 20时急剧下降,CAT活性则在胁迫处理d 60时急剧下降.研究表明,藿香蓟能在一定程度上适应土壤Pb胁迫,但Pb胁迫浓度超过750 mg kg-1后将影响其生理代谢过程.图4参20     

An Economy-wide Analysis of the Energy and Environmental Impacts of International Trade Policy Adjustments for Chemical Industry in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In China, the proportion of energy consumption and carbon emissions embodied in international trade in chemical industry is high. It is important to...