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Lead is a widespread element and one of the persistent and cumulative pollutants of the environment. The present study deals with the bioaccumulation of lead and the influence of chelating agents, meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), D-Penicillamine and CaNa2EDTA in reducing the concentration of lead on the selected organs of Catla catla fingerlings for both acute and chronic exposures by using ICP-AES. It is inferred from the present findings that there was a correlation between environmental conditions and the heavy metal contents of the fish. The highest concentration of lead is found in kidney tissues and the lowest in muscle tissues. The accumulation pattern of lead in the selected organs of Catla catla is: kidney > liver > gill > brain > muscle. Also, it has been found that the treatment of chelating agents, DMSA, D-Penicillamine and CaNa2EDTA reduces the concentration of lead significantly for both acute and chronic exposures. The results also show that DMSA is the most effective chelator of lead in reducing the body burden of C. catla fingerlings. The observed data further indicate that C. catla could be suitable for monitoring organisms to study the bioavailability of water-bound metals in freshwater habitats. 相似文献
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RM. Thirupathi R. Ben Ruben Jiju Antony 《International Journal of Sustainable Engineering》2019,12(2):95-107
Application of appropriate environmentally conscious manufacturing strategies enables the sustainable development of products and processes. Automotive component manufacturers recognise the potential of applying appropriate strategies for attaining Triple Bottom Line benefits. In this context, three strategies such as eco-efficiency, waste minimisation and material efficiency are being applied to minimise environmental impacts associated with the manufacture of automotive products and its associated processes. A case study of an automotive component manufacturing firm has been exemplified. After conducting the study, the potential environmental impact was reduced by 20% and eco-efficiency was improved by 13%. Further, improvements have been observed in terms of overall resource consumption and material efficiency. The overall power consumption was reduced by 18% and weight of the component was reduced by 11%. The study aimed at improving the sustainable performance of product by incorporating green and environmentally friendlier manufacturing practices.
Abbreviations: USEPA: United Nations Environmental Protection Agency; OECD: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; WBCSD: World Business Council for Sustainable Development; Eco-QFD: Environmental Quality Function Deployment; WCED: World Commission on Environment and Development; LCA: Life Cycle Assessment 相似文献
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Contamination of aquatic ecosystems with heavy metals has been receiving increased worldwide attention due to their harmful e ects
on human health and other organisms in the environment. Most of the studies dealing with toxic e ects of metals deal with single
metal species, while the aquatic organisms are typically exposed to mixtures of metals. Hence, in order to provide data supporting
the usefulness of freshwater fish as indicators of heavy metal pollution, it has been proposed in the present study to investigate the
bioaccumulation and depuration of chromium in the selected organs of freshwater fingerlings Cirrhinus mrigala, individually and in
binary solutions with nickel. The results show that the kidney is a target organ for chromium accumulation, which implies that it is also
the “critical” organ for toxic symptoms. The results further show that accumulation of nickel in all the tissues of C. mrigala is higher
than that of chromium. In addition, the metal accumulations of the binary mixtures of chromium and nickel are substantially higher
than those of the individual metals, indicating synergistic interactions between the two metals. Theoretically the simplest explanation
for an additive joint action of toxicants in a mixture is that they act in a qualitatively similar way. The observed data suggest that C.
mrigala could be suitable monitoring organisms to study the bioavailability of water-bound metals in freshwater habitats. 相似文献
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Simone Cappello Santina Santisi Rosario Calogero Christoph Gertler Francesca Crisafi 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(3):239-252
A number of previous studies have shown that the relationships of symbiosis existing between mussels and microorganisms are directly dependent on the environmental conditions. However, little is known about existing relationships between mussels and bacteria in hydrocarbon-impacted marine environments. The aim of this preliminary study is to investigate the presence of oil-degrading bacteria in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis during growth in polluted ecosystems. All the experiments were carried out in a mesocosm system designed to simulate chronic pollution and to enable direct exposure of mussels to chemicals. Quantitative (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, colony-forming units, Most Probable Number) analyses and screening (presence/absence) of metabolic functional genes were performed to analyse bacterial populations inside the gills of mussels exposed and not exposed to hydrocarbons. The data obtained show that the presence of hydrocarbons affected the abundance of bacteria inside the gills of specimens and determines selection for specific (hydrocarbon-degrading) bacteria (i.e. Alcanivorax sp. and Marinobacter sp.). However, is not yet clear whether the presence of such genera of bacteria inside the mussel is due to symbiosis or as a result of filtration. 相似文献
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PL. RM. Palaniappan K. S. Pramod V. Vijayasundaram 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2009,7(4):313-319
Heavy metal discharges to aquatic environment are of great concern due to their toxicity and accumulative behavior. Zinc is
an essential trace element required for different physiological functions and plays important role in cellular metabolism.
However, it becomes toxic when elevated concentrations are introduced into the environment. The aim of this work is to analyze
zinc induced biochemical changes in the brain tissues of Labeo rohita fingerlings using Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy. Several important features have been observed in the zinc
intoxicated brain tissues, namely, altered membrane lipid, altered protein profile and decreased glycogen content, indicating
an alteration in the lipid and protein profiles leading to modification in membrane composition. Further, it is observed that
the acute exposure to zinc causes some alteration in protein profile with a decrease in α-helix and an increase in random
coil structures. 相似文献
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Caserini Stefano Barreto Beatriz Lanfredi Caterina Cappello Giovanni Ross Morrey Dennis Grosso Mario 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2019,24(7):1231-1248
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - A new process to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, by combining commercial industrial technologies with ocean liming and CO2... 相似文献
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Studies has been conducted to compare the sorption properties between raw carbons made from olive cake and commercial activated carbons to remove aquatic pollutant such as heavy metal (HM), phenol (Ph), dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid-sodium salt detergent (DBSNa) and methylene blue dye (MB). Effect of acidic treatments by H2SO4, HCl and HNO3 on the sorption properties of olive cake carbon (OCC) were studied by mass titration, SEM photographs, sorption isotherms. It is found that acidic treatment changes the surface properties of OCC but do not enhance its sorption capacity. Compared to commercial activated carbons the OCC derivatives generally are equally able to uptake HM and Ph from solution but MB and DBSNa are not. This different behaviour is to attribute to manufacturing and activation treatments so as surface groups of the precursor sorbent material. For the heavy metals, chromium and silver were removed effectively but to small extent cadmium. This may be because of the various charge densities of metal elements tested. The results of the multiple experiments indicate that sorption of cadmium ions can be significantly improved by the presence of complexing agents sorbed from the carbon. An empirical mathematical form is proposed to correlate experimental data and to compare the performance of the different sorbent materials. 相似文献
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Increased participation in resource management decisions by a wide range of stakeholders has been widely advocated, and has recently been formally incorporated into the European Water Framework Directive. However, achieving such participation has generally proved to be problematical. In response to locally perceived needs, a project was set up in the Ythan catchment in northeast Scotland, to undertake catchment management actions with increased public involvement. This paper outlines the methods used to increase public participation in such actions, and some preliminary assessments of the effectiveness of these. The experience of the project and the lessons learnt, including some of the difficulties of ensuring fully representative stakeholder involvement, are discussed in relation to published criteria for public participation in resource management. 相似文献
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Mehdi Hassanshahian Zeynab Bayat Simone Cappello Francesco Smedile Michail Yakimov 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(5):136-146
In order to better understand the effects of biostimulation and bioaugmentation processes on a marine microbial community, three different mesocosm experiments were planned. Natural seawater(10.000 L) was artificially polluted with crude oil(1 L) and(1) inorganic nutrients(Biostimulating Mesocosm, BM),(2) inorganic nutrients and an inoculum of Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2(Single Bioaugmentation Mesocosm, SBM),(3) inorganic nutrients and inoculums of A. borkumensis SK2 and Thalassolituus oleivorans MIL-1(Consortium Bioaugmentation Mesocosm, CBM). During the experimental period(20 days), samples were taken from each mesocosm and the community structure was analyzed by PCR–DGGE. The 16 S r RNA gene DGGE banding patterns and sequence analysis demonstrated that biostimulation had the lowest effect on microbial biodiversity in the mesocosms; however, the biodiversity of the marine microbial community dramatically decreased in the CBM(Shannon index was 0.6 in T3). The community structures among the three mesocosms were also markedly different,and major bacteria derived from DGGE bands were related to uncultured Gamma Proteobacteria. The biodegradation results show that the Single Bioaugmentation Mesocosm(SBM) system had the highest percentage of degradation(95%) in comparison to the BM mesocosm(80%) and CBM(70%). 相似文献
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