Applications and implications of direct groundwater velocity measurement at the centimetre scale

Three projects involving point velocity probes (PVPs) illustrate the advantages of direct groundwater velocity measurements. In the first, a glacial till and outwash aquifer was characterized using conventional methods and multilevel PVPs for designing a bioremediation program. The PVPs revealed a highly conductive zone that dominated the transport of injected substances. These findings were later confirmed with a natural gradient tracer test. In the second, PVPs were used to map a groundwater velocity field around a dipole recirculation well. The PVPs showed higher than expected velocities near the well, assuming homogeneity in the aquifer, leading to improved representations of the aquifer heterogeneity in a 3D flow model, and an improved match between the modelled and experimental tracer breakthrough curves. In the third study, PVPs detected subtle changes in aquifer permeability downgradient of a biostimulation experiment. The changes were apparently reversible once the oxygen source was depleted, but in locations where the oxygen source lingered, velocities remained low. PVPs can be a useful addition to the hydrogeologist's toolbox, because they can be constructed inexpensively, they provide data in support of models, and they can provide information on flow in unprecedented detail.     

利用海藻业和酿造业产生的废料生产贵重的蚝蘑Pleurotus sajor-caju:初步研究

在由海藻业和酿造业产生的常见废料上进行了种植蚝蘑Pleurotus sajor-caju的初步实验.使用的是由这些废料和杂草各种组成的混合物.     

2003~2020年黄河内蒙古段干流水质演变趋势

为全面了解黄河流域内蒙古段近年来的水环境质量状况及其变化趋势,基于流域内5个监测断面2003~2020年的水质数据,使用主成分分析、聚类分析和长短时记忆模型等多源数据分析方法,结合改进的综合水质标识指数,探究了黄河流域水质的时空变化特征. 结果表明,流域水质状况整体向好并稳定. 时间特征方面,汛期和非汛期水质的主要影响因素存在显著差异,主要与农业灌溉用水和汛期水量增大有关;空间特征方面,可将5个监测断面归为3类,汛期的主要影响因素具有时间特征,而非汛期3类监测断面的水质差异主要由其周边城市的用水结构决定. LSTM模型的预测值变化趋势与真实值拟合效果良好,可对黄河内蒙古段的水质指标进行有效的预测评价,可为黄河干流各河段水质达标控制与管理提供科学依据.