排序方式: 共有16条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Badreddine Barhoumi Karyn LeMenach Marie-Hélène Dévier Yassine El megdiche Bechir Hammami Walid Ben Ameur Sihem Ben Hassine Jérôme Cachot Hélène Budzinski Mohamed Ridha Driss 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(10):6290-6302
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were determined in 18 surface sediment samples collected from Bizerte lagoon, Tunisia. The total concentrations of ten PCBs (∑PCBs) and of four OCPs (∑OCPs) in the sediments from this area ranged from 0.8 to 14.6 ng g?1 dw (average value, 3.9 ng g?1 dw) and from 1.1 to 14.0 ng g?1 dw (average value, 3.3 ng g?1 dw), respectively. Among the OCPs, the range of concentrations of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were 0.3–11.5 ng g?1 dw (1.9 ng g?1 dw) and 0.6–2.5 ng g?1 dw (1.4 ng g?1 dw), respectively. Compositional analyses of the POPs indicated that PCB 153, 138 and 180 were the predominant congeners accounting for 60 % of the total PCBs. In addition, p,p′-DDT was found to be the dominant DDTs, demonstrating recent inputs in the environment. Compared with some other regions of the world, the Bizerte lagoon exhibited low levels of PCBs and moderate levels of HCB and DDTs. The high ratios ΣPCBs/ΣDDTs indicated predominant industrial versus agricultural activities in this area. According to the established guidelines for sediment quality, the risk of adverse biological effects from such levels of OCPs and PCBs, as recorded at most of the study sites, was insignificant. However, the higher concentrations in stations S1 and S3 could cause biological damage. 相似文献
2.
Badreddine Barhoumi Karyn LeMenach Marie-Hélène Devier Walid Ben Ameur Henry Etcheber Hélène Budzinski Jérôme Cachot Mohamed Ridha Driss 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(5):2653-2669
To assess the status of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in sediments from the Bizerte Lagoon (northern Tunisia), 18 surface sediment samples were collected in March 2011 and analyzed for 14 US Environmental Protection Agency priority PAHs by high-performance liquid chromatography. The total concentrations of the 14 PAHs (ΣPAHs) ranged from 16.9 to 394.1 ng g?1 dry weight (dw) with a mean concentration of 85.5 ng g?1 dw. Compared with other lagoons, coasts, and bays in the world, the concentrations of PAHs in surface sediments of the Bizerte Lagoon are low to moderate. The PAHs’ composition pattern was dominated by the presence of four-ring PAHs (45.8 %) followed by five-ring (26.8 %) and three-ring PAHs (12.7 %). The PAH source analysis suggested that the main origin of PAHs in the sediments of the lagoon was mainly from pyrolytic sources. According to the numerical effect-based sediment quality guidelines of the USA, the levels of PAHs in the Bizerte Lagoon should not exert adverse biological effects. The total benzo[a]pyrene toxicity equivalent values calculated for the samples varied from 3.1 to 53.7 ng g?1 dw with an average of 10.6 ng g?1 dw. 相似文献
3.
ROUABHI Rachid DJEBAR-BERREBBAH H DJEBAR MR 《应用与环境生物学报》2006,12(4):514-517
Harmful bugs affect food production,directly by the qualitativeor quantitative reduction of the harvests,or indirectly while servinglike vectors of several illnesses of the plants and human[1].Many chemical products are used by human for a long time inthe… 相似文献
4.
城西水库(现改名西涧湖)是滁州市唯一地表水源,非点源污染已成为其水质污染的重要原因。基于土地覆被格局,依据非点源污染物质的产生、截留、汇流过程,构建了模拟每个栅格上污染物质向受纳水体的输出贡献量和被各种土地覆被截留量的物理过程模型。以磷素为例,对城西水库流域进行模拟。结果表明: 2000和2010年,流域向城西水库输出总磷量分别达到2 58038和2 46120 kg。库体西北部的市农科所、城郊居委会、水产研究所等地对水质危害最大。多数磷素在向库体的运移过程中被各类土地覆被有效的截留,总量在2000和2010年分别达到5 77449和5 42236 kg,占流域磷素总负荷的691%和68 8%。由于目前土地覆被布局的不尽合理,林地和草地对磷素的截留能力未能充分发挥。建议在流域水文敏感区布设林草缓冲带,将有效减少水库磷素的接纳量 相似文献
5.
The possible genotoxic potential of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), which is a metabolite of dichlorobiphenyltrichloroetane (DDT), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), which are organochlorine pesticides have been evaluated in vitro by using human lymphocytes as test system. Genetic damage was determined by scoring the frequency of micronuclei (MN) in primary lymphocyte cultures obtained from different donors. The results indicated that, under the experimental conditions used, the DDT metabolite DDE was able to induce significant increases in the frequency of micronucleated cells, which indicate a certain clastogenic and/or aneugenic potential. DDE was tested in the range of 10-80 mM, but the only concentration producing a significant genotoxic effect was 80 mM. On the other hand, HCB was unable to induce a significant increase in the MN frequency in the range of concentrations assayed, from 0.005 to 0.1mM. The selected concentrations of DDE and HCB were chosen according to their toxicity in cell blood cultures; higher concentrations reduced significantly cell proliferation and produced a low frequency of binucleated cells. In conclusion, the results indicate that a genotoxic risk is associated with the exposure to DDE at concentrations 80 mM and above. 相似文献
6.
Change in plant spatial patterns and diversity along the successional gradient of Mediterranean grazing ecosystems 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Concepcin L. Alados Ahmed ElAich Vasilios P. Papanastasis Huseyin Ozbek Teresa Navarro Helena Freitas Mihalis Vrahnakis Driss Larrosi Baltasar Cabezudo 《Ecological modelling》2004,180(4):523-535
In this study, we analyze the complexity of plant spatial patterns and diversity along a successional gradient resulting from grazing disturbance in four characteristic ecosystems of the Mediterranean region. Grazing disturbance include not only defoliation by animals, but also associated disturbances as animal trampling, soil compaction, and mineralization by deposition of urine and feces. The results show that woodland and dense matorral are more resistant to species loss than middle dense and scattered matorral, or grassland. Information fractal dimension declined as we moved from a dense to a discontinuous matorral, increasing as we moved to a more scattered matorral and a grassland. In all studied cases, the characteristic species of the natural vegetation declined in frequency and organization with grazing disturbance. Heliophyllous species and others with postrate or rosette twigs increased with grazing pressure, particularly in dense matorral. In the more degraded ecosystem, only species with well-adapted traits, e.g., buried buds or unpalatable qualities showed a clear increase with grazing. Indeed, the homogeneity of species distribution within the plant community declined monotonically with grazing impact. Conversely, the spatial organization of the characteristic plants of each community increased in the better-preserved areas, being also related to the sensitivity of the species to grazing impact. The degree of autocorrelation of plant spatial distribution at the species level and the information fractal dimension at the community level allow us to quantify the degree of degradation of natural communities and to determine the sensitivity of key species to disturbance. 相似文献
7.
Soukaina Ennaceur Mohamed Ridha Driss 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(2):1977-1984
Organochorine (OCs) residues were measured in human breast milk samples from four Tunisian women. Month-mix samples composed of weekly collected breast milk samples were analyzed over the lactation period between 3 days after delivery and 10 months post-partum. The concentrations of dichlorodiphenytrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), dieldrin, and 20 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs) were determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. The variation of OC residue levels in human milk was investigated for each woman individually. The average p,p’-DDE and p,p’-DDT concentrations declined from 661- and 438-ng g?1 fat basis at day 3 to 77- and 106-ng g?1 fat basis after 8 months, respectively. No essential changes in HCB, HCHs, dieldrin, and total PCBs concentrations in human breast milk occurred over the lactation periods investigated; the concentrations remained either relatively constant or show no significant weak decrease. 相似文献
8.
Walid Ben Ameur Souad Trabelsi Yassine El Megdiche Sihem Ben Hassine Badreddine Barhoumi Bèchir Hammami Ethel Eljarrat Damia Barceló Mohamed Ridha Driss 《Chemosphere》2013,90(9):2372-2380
Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were determined in two fish species, mullet (Mugil cephalus) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), collected from Bizerte Lagoon and the Mediterranean Sea. In all samples, PCBs were found in higher concentrations than OCPs. The highest concentrations of OCPs and PCBs were found in sea bass, and in Bizerte Lagoon. Concentrations of DDTs and PCBs detected in this study were generally comparable or slightly higher than those found in studies from other Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean regions subject to a high anthropogenic impact. ∑PCBs, ∑HCHs and HCB levels were negatively correlated with lipid content, while no such correlation was seen for ∑DDTs. A significant correlation between levels and length and between levels and weight existed only for ∑PCBs. The daily intake of PCBs and OCPs ingested by people living in Bizerte through the studied fish species was estimated and compared with those observed in other areas. 相似文献
9.
基于径流泥沙的运移过程,构建了沿汇流路径,结合不同土地覆被对泥沙拦截能力系数模拟每个像元截留泥沙使其不进入水库量的模型.结合单位体积淤泥的清淤费用、水库使用年限及贴现率进行构建价值量模型,并在二滩水库的集水区进行了模型的运用.结果表明:2000~2005 年,土地覆被格局的变化主要体现在雅砻江中上游草地向林地的转化和下游亲水区林地向农田和草地的转化.由此影响到2000和2005年土壤侵蚀总量变化不大,但2005年集水区向水库输沙总量有较大增加,农田也成为二滩水库最为主要的产沙源.多数被侵蚀的土壤在向二滩水库的运移过程中被各类生态系统截留,截留泥沙量的高值集中分布于二滩库区周边.林地平均截留泥沙绝对量较低,截留泥沙的能力未能得到有效发挥.集水区对于减轻进入二滩水库泥沙服务的总经济价值在2000和2005年分别达到442.2和785.8亿元. 相似文献
10.
The results of analyses for polychlorodibenzofuran (PCDF) content in two samples of polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) from used electrical transformers are presented and discussed. In neither sample was there evidence for enhanced PCDF concentrations even though one of them had been subjected to overheating while in service. 相似文献