Preparation of ε-Caprolactone/Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanocomposite and Its Application to the Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R Dye Adsorption from Wastewaters by Using RSM

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - In this study, poly (ε-caprolactone)/Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposite (PCL/Fe3O4 MNC) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization. Then, PCL/Fe3O4 MNC...     

Determination of Cadmium Levels in Agricultural Areas of Çarşamba and Bafra Plains

Cadmium pollution resulted from fertilizer applications were studied by determining cadmium levels in agricultural and non-agricultural soils of Bafra and Çar?amba plains. Soil samples of 68 were collected from agricultural (34) and non-agricultural (34) areas. The sample of 2 g was placed in a test tube and digested with hydrochloric acid and nitric acid mixture (3:1, v/v) in an aluminum block. Taking up the evaporated residue was dissolved in 1% nitric acid and total cadmium concentrations were determined with GF-AAS. Mean level of cadmium contents were found in agricultural areas 0.162?±?0.078 for Çar?amba and 0.433?±?0.288 mg kg^?1 for Bafra. The accuracy of the method was tested with determining cadmium contents of standard reference material and cadmium spiked soil samples.     

Use of epilithic diatoms to evaluate water quality in the Karasu River of Turkey

Epilithic diatom assemblages were used to evaluate water quality in the Karasu River basin (Turkey), which was polluted by industrial, agricultural and urban wastes. A total of 73 diatom taxa belonging to 22 genera were found from all seven sampling stations located in the River basin. The most pollution tolerant species Gomphonema parvulum, Nitzchia palea, Navicula cryptocephala were found in high densities at the polluted stations. Organic load (COD), biological oxygen demand in 5 days (BOD5) and concentrations of nutrients NO3(-)-N, NO2(-)-N, NH4(+)-N and PO4(3-)-P) were correlated negatively with dissolved oxygen. Except for generic index of diatoms (GI), all diatom indices were correlated significantly with COD, BOD5 dissolved oxygen and concentrations of nutrients. Saprobity index (SI), trophic diatom index (TDI) and the percentage pollution tolerant valves values suggested that the stations III, IV located in the River basin were eutrophicated and organically polluted.     

The risk estimation and assessment of heavy metal exposure by biomonitoring in the breast milk of mothers in the Cukurova Region,Turkey

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Toxic heavy metals released into the environment through various industrial processes have potential adverse effects on the environment and human...     

Effect of different irrigation methods on yield of red hot pepper and plant mortality caused by Phytophthora capsici Leon

This experiment was conducted in 1999 and 2000 in a field naturally infected by Phytophthora capsici to determine the effects of different irrigation methods, namely, basin (B), closed-end furrow (F), drip (D) and sprinkler (S) irrigation on dry yield of chili pepper (Capsium annuum L. K. Maras Type). Water use efficiency (WUE) and plant mortality were also measured. The averages of total applied water to the B, F, D and S plots for the two years were 937.7 mm, 920.6 mm, 886.5 and 913.4 mm, respectively. Thus, the mean seasonal water use by pepper varied from 1020.7 to 1109.7 mm. The highest water use was measured in B, followed by use for S, D and F methods. The highest mean potential dry yield with 1.58 t ha(-1) was obtained using D method. This was followed by S (1.36 t ha(-1)), B (1.13 t ha(-1)), and F (0.81 t ha(-1)) methods. In terms of plant mortality, crops having B irrigation had the highest (93.9%), followed by lessen amount to the S (3.2%), F (3.1%), and D methods (1.7%). Only the B irrigation method stimulated the development of P. capsici disease. On the other hand, mean WUEs varied between 0.7 and 1.7 kg ha(-1)mnm(-1) for Irrigation methods. WUE for D method was slightly higher than S method, but considerably higher than B and F methods.     

Response of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) to salinity in the early growth stages for agricultural cultivation in saline environments

Salinity is a serious environmental problem. Growing of plants like tomato can be solution for coping with soil salinity. For this purpose, response of tomato to salinity has been tested in the early growth stages. Characteristics of germination (percentage and period; length and fresh-dry weight of radicle and hypcotyl) and seedling (length and fresh-dry weight of root, shoot and whole plant; leaf number and area based on Relative Growth Rate); Na+ and K+ content of leaf; K+/Na+ rate of leaf has been studied at the 0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl levels. Thus, it determined that tomato can be indicator for agricultural cultivation at the salinity environments at the early growth stages.     

An Investigation into the Influence of C. moschata Leaves Extract on Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Biodegradable PCL/PLA Blend Film

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) synthesized by ring-opening polymerization method, and then it blended with polylactic acid (PLA). The blend was loaded with...     

Seasonal variations of chlorophyll-a in Demirdöven Dam Reservoir (Erzurum, Turkey) in relation to phytoplankton density and environmental factors

The seasonal variations of Chlorophyll-a was examined in relation to phytoplankton density and physico-chemical factors in Demird?ven Dam Reservoir during 2000-2001. Chlorophyll-a concentrations ranged from 0.62 to 7.19 mg/m3 and from 0.67 to 8.88 mg/m3 in 2000 and 2001, respectively. Maximum Chlorophyll-a concentrations were found near the metalimnion and decreased with depth. Chlorophyll-a concentrations showed positive correlation to phytoplankton density, water temperature and nutrient concentrations, and negative correlations to Secchi depth. Demird?ven Dam Reservoir can be classified as a mesotrophic reservoir according to Chlorophyll-a concentrations.