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Chelani AB Gajghate DG Hasan MZ 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2002,52(7):805-810
In this study, an artificial neural network is employed to predict the concentration of ambient respirable particulate matter (PM10) and toxic metals observed in the city of Jaipur, India. A feed-forward network with a back-propagation learning algorithm is used to train the neural network the behavior of the data patterns. The meteorological variables of wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, temperature, and time are taken as input to the network. The results indicate that the network is able to predict concentrations of PM10 and toxic metals quite accurately. 相似文献
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Khaparde VV Pipalatkar PP Pustode T Rao CV Gajghate DG 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(2):903-911
Influence of burning of fireworks on particle size distribution of PM10 and associated barium (Ba) were studied at a congested residential cum commercial area of Nagpur city, India. Sampling was
carried out by cascade impactor having 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameters of <10, 9, 5.8, 4.7, 3.3, 2.1, 1.1, 0.7, and <0.4 μm,
2 days before diwali, during diwali, celebrations of marriage functions, and New Year’s Eve. Noticeably, increased levels
of PM10 and Ba were observed during diwali as compared to days before diwali and other activities. PM10 levels were increased by four to nine times whereas Ba levels were increased by eight to 20 times higher in alveolar region,
when compared with the levels observed before diwali. Probability of deposition of Ba mass in alveolar region varied between
14 and 27 ng/h with higher deposition when the burning of fireworks activity was lower near the site. Trimodal distribution
of Ba was observed on the first 2 days of diwali at 0.4–2.1, 2.1–4.7, and 4.7 to less than PM10 micrometer range. While on the third day, it appeared bimodal with 70% contribution in coarse fraction whereas on the fourth
day, distribution appeared unimodal with 66% contribution in alveolar region (<0.4–1.1 μm). Distribution of Ba varied with
respect to particle size, in accordance with the intensity of the fireworks used on different days and distance between the
burning of firecrackers from the monitoring site. 相似文献
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Chaudhari PR Gupta R Gajghate DG Wate SR 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(4):2487-2496
Heavy metals released from different sources in urban environment get adsorbed on respirable particulate matter less than
10 μm in size (PM10) and are important from public health point of view causing morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the ambient air quality monitoring
was carried out to study the temporal and special pattern in the distribution of PM10 and associated heavy metal content in the atmosphere of Nagpur, Maharashtra State, India during 2001 as well as in 2006.
PM10 fraction was observed to exceed the stipulated standards in both years. It was also observed that minimum range of PM10 was observed to be increased in 2006 indicating increase in human activity during nighttime also. Six heavy metals were analyzed
and were observed to occur in the order Zn > Fe > Pb > Ni > Cd > Cr in 2006, similar to the trend in other metro cities in
India. Lead and Nickel were observed to be within the stipulated standards. Poor correlation coefficient (R
2) between lead and PM10 indicated that automobile exhaust is not the source of metals to air pollution. Commercial and industrial activity as well
as geological composition may be the potential sources of heavy metal pollution. Total load of heavy metals was found to
be increased in 2006 with prominent increase in zinc, lead, and nickel in the environment. Public health impacts of heavy
metals as well as certain preventive measures to mitigate the impact of heavy metals on public health are also summarized. 相似文献
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Measurement of respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) and analysis of toxic metals in air of Kochi city was carried out for a period of one year, 1997. Seasonal variations of RSPM and toxic metals are analysed to identify the influence of meteorological parameters. The air pollution problem with respect to RSPM and lead is moderately significant especially in winter season. The profile of other toxic metals in RSPM is not much significant. Domestic fuel used mainly coal/wood and petrol/diesel fueled motor vehicles are the major contributors to the RSPM and toxic metals. Various control strategies are delineated for reduction of ambient RSPM and toxic metals in air of Kochi city. 相似文献
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Lucena RF Albuquerque UP Monteiro JM Almeida Cde F Florentino AT Ferraz JS 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,125(1-3):281-290
The use of native plants was examined in three rural communities in the semi-arid of the state of Pernambuco, in northeastern
Brazil. The techniques employed in the present study combined a number of different techniques of data-gathering, including
semi-structured interviews, guided tour, key-informants, and participating observation, and sampling of the vegetation to
evaluate the biodiversity of useful plants. A total of 61 woody species were cataloged, mostly used for construction purposes
or fuel. Among the species that stood out for their local importance and multiplicity of uses were: Myracrodruon urundeuva (Engl.) Fr. All., Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl., and Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan. The first two species are included in Brazilian lists of threatened species. Arguments are presented for
strategies of management and conservation of plant resources in the semi-arid region that seek alternatives to the use of
timber species and the development of alternative non-timber resources. 相似文献
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Air pollution due to small scale industries have been found tocause serious occupational health hazards and adverse effects on vegetation and heritage. The study for air pollution impactassessment for brick kiln industries was undertaken. The stackmonitoring exercise was carried out to estimate the pollution level of SPM, SO2, and NOx. The ambient air quality was also measured in the vicinity of brick kilns to assess the impact of stack emission on ground level concentration. Characterisation of SPM for toxic metals were studied. Modelling exercise was carried to predict the impact of emission of brick kiln on surrounding environment. To minimise the emission level and ground level concentration, airpollution mitigation measures are suggested. 相似文献
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