The fungicide difenoconazole alters mRNA expression levels of human CYP3A4 in HepG2 cells

The fungicide difenoconazole has been frequently detected in agricultural products, soils and surface waters, causing increasingly public concern due to toxicological properties. Although systemic triazole fungicides can inhibit the enzymatic activity of many CYP450 isozymes, how difenoconazole affects the human CYP3A4 still remains largely unknown. We thus investigated the effect of difenoconazole on normal mRNA expression and protein expression of human CYP3A4 by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot, respectively. Results show that the exposure to difenoconazole from 0.01 to 0.5 μM for 24 h down-regulates mRNA expression levels of human CYP3A4 in HepG2 cells. We also found that difenoconazole could inhibit the enzymatic activity of human CYP3A4 in a concentration-dependent mode. The IC₅₀ of difenoconazole for inhibition of CYP3A4 activity is 0.41 µM, showing a stronger inhibitor in comparison with ketoconazole. Overall, our findings indicate the potential risk of difenoconazole for the disruption of human CYP3A4.     

铁碳微电解法预处理猪场沼液中氨氮的研究

铁碳微电解是新型的污水处理技术,为了研究猪场沼液中氨氮的去除,将铁碳微电解技术应用于预处理难降解的厌氧沼液中的氨氮。经预先浸泡处理后的铁碳已达到吸附饱和,以此铁碳材料,分别采用了单因素实验和正交试验,用可见光分光光度法测试氨氮的浓度。单因素实验确定了铁碳微电解法影响氨氮去除的因素,选取pH值、反应时间、铁碳比为正交试验因素,通过正交试验得到,当温度为(20±1)℃,铁碳比为1∶1,pH值为3,反应时间为60 min时去除氨氮的效果最好,去除率为34.01%。铁碳微电解法预处理猪场沼液有一定的应用前景。     

不同电化学法对双甘膦废水除磷效果的比较研究

采用电-芬顿、芬顿-微电解、三维电催化、微电解工艺对预处理双甘膦废水的效果进行了比较研究。试验结果表明:对于高浓度有机磷双甘膦废水,采用上述四种工艺处理后的总磷去除率分别为66.2%、88.1%、87.8%、92.2%。铁碳微电解除磷效果最优,进一步对其影响因素进行试验,结果表明:pH为3,反应时间为2h,铁碳比为1:1时微电解法对双甘膦废水的总磷去除率可达92.2%,微电解联用对废水总磷去除率为96.8%。     

陶瓷膜处理啤酒洗瓶废碱液的膜污染和清洗再生

研究了陶瓷膜过滤啤酒洗瓶废碱液膜污染机理,提出了相应的清洗再生方案。对比研究了硝酸、盐酸、次氯酸钠、三聚磷酸钠4种清洗剂单独使用和复合使用的清洗再生效果。试验表明:0.20%硝酸+0.55%次氯酸钠+0.15%三聚磷酸钠复合清洗再生陶瓷膜,膜通量恢复率在85%以上。陶瓷膜连续运行两个月,清洗再生效果稳定,具有工程实用价值。     

亚甲基蓝在有机酸膨润土上的吸附行为

为了解决染料废水带来的污染问题,采用柠檬酸对天然膨润土(RB)直接改性,制备柠檬酸膨润土(CAB),并探讨了溶液p H值、表面活性剂对CAB去除亚甲基蓝(MB)的影响。研究结果表明,CAB在去除MB方面有很宽的p H适宜范围,溶液p H值对CAB去除MB的影响不大;MB溶液中加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)以后,CAB对MB的去除率基本保持不变,而十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的加入则明显抑制CAB对MB的去除;MB在CAB上的吸附同时符合Langmuir和Redlich-Peterson模型,CAB对MB的Langmuir吸附容量为252 mg/g;CAB表面的羧基和羟基是吸附MB的主要吸附位点。研究表明,CAB是一种在染料的去除方面非常有应用前景的吸附剂。     

Photocatalytic degradation of phenol with mesoporous TiO2?xBx

We report a facile approach for preparing mesoporous boron-doped TiO₂ materials by combining the sol?Cgel process with the dehydration of glucose. Specifically a high surface carbon material was formed by dehydration of glucose, then used as template. This material and the TiO₂ dry gel were calcinated to produce porous TiO₂. The as-synthesized boron-doped TiO₂ was in pure anatase crystallite phase with high surface area. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that boron was incorporated into the anatase TiO₂ lattice to form TiO_2?xB_x. The absorption spectra of TiO_2?xB_x extended into the visible region to 460?nm. The TiO_2?xB_x exhibited much higher photocatalytic activity on phenol degradation than pure TiO₂. It showed that the phenol degradation by-products of TiO_2?xB_x were different from that of pure TiO₂. Mechanism of the photocatalytic degradation of phenol at TiO_2?xB_x was also proposed.     

近岸海域水色异常遥感监测方法研究

水体颜色是判断水体质量的重要依据,利用遥感技术检测水色异常是进行水质评估和水体污染监测的重要技术手法。基于盐城市废黄河入海口处的GF1-WFV影像数据,利用遥感影像自身光谱特征来构建水色异常判断函数,对研究区域的水色异常进行快速提取和定位,并比较分析了基于单景影像特征和多景影像特征设置判断阈值的提取结果。研究结果表明：该方法完全基于遥感影像光谱特征,可有效提取出未知类型的水色异常信息;与基于单景影像设置的判断阈值相比,基于双景影像设置的判断阈值更合理、更适用,提取速度更快,提取范围更精确,Kappa系数为0.80;另外,采用合适窗口大小进行均值滤波处理能有效防止提取结果细碎和斑块化。     

水泥基矽土注浆材料抗海水侵蚀性能研究∗

为研究水泥基矽土注浆材料抗海水侵蚀性能,根据对工程现场附近海域的海水水化学分析结果配制人工海水溶液,以此对注浆结石体浸泡养护,通过对不同龄期的结石体试件开展抗压强度、L?NMR、XRD、FT?IR 和 SEM 等测试揭示了其在不同侵蚀龄期下的抗侵蚀性能变化规律。研究结果表明：随侵蚀龄期上升,材料抗蚀能力先增大后减小,侵蚀前期由于侵蚀产物“填充效应”和侵蚀离子的“盐激发”效应优化了结石体孔径分布,7 d 时抗蚀系数 K 最大,0.7、1.0 和 1.5 水灰比对应抗蚀系数分别为 1.26、1.23 和 1.18,后逐渐下降;60 d 后 AFt 和 Friedel 盐等侵蚀产物破坏了硬化浆体结构,小孔转变为大孔,导致抗蚀系数 K 小于 1.0,水灰比 1.5 时,180 d 对应 K 值仅为 0.45,在相同的侵蚀条件下,不同的水灰比表现出的抗蚀性有所差异,水灰比越小,抗蚀性越强,因此在滨海区域使用 CIS 进行注浆时,应在保证浆液可注性的同时尽量降低水灰比。     

Exploratory study on safety climate in Chinese manufacturing enterprises

This study was conducted in eastern cities of China; 1060 employees were sampled from 144 enterprises located in East China, and 796 (75.1%) responded validly. The level of safety climate of Chinese manufacturing enterprises as well as the differences in safety climate between large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were examined. This study revealed that the safety climate level that the employees’ perceived was rather low in Chinese manufacturing enterprises, and differences in terms of mean scores of total safety climate, factors composing the safety climate, and items to measure this climate between large enterprises and SMEs were statistically significant (at p < 0.05). Among all the factors, the largest difference between large enterprises and SMEs was the employees’ perception of safety training, followed by management support. It suggests that SMEs should pay more attention to safety training and management support to improve the safety climate.     

Long-term effects of liquid swine manure land surface application in an apple orchard field on soil bacterial community and heavy metal contents in apple (Malus pumila Mill.)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study investigated the impact of liquid swine manure (LSM) land surface application in an apple orchard on soil health and copper (Cu) and zinc...