大数据环境下企业安全绩效管理的基础性问题*

为明晰大数据对安全绩效管理的影响,把握信息时代下企业安全绩效管理的研究方向,基于大数据时代下安全绩效管理内容,阐述数据驱动下安全绩效管理的应用优势,探讨数据驱动下安全绩效管理的研究变革,剖析大数据环境下企业安全绩效管理的数据流向,构建数据驱动下安全绩效管理的框架模型,并提出数据驱动下企业安全绩效管理应用对策。结果表明:基于大数据的安全绩效管理有助于提升企业安全管理水平,也为安全生产系统优化提供理论依据。     

安全信息认知对心理安全感的作用机理研究

为揭示安全信息认知对员工心理安全感的影响,把握信息时代背景下心理安全感的研究趋势。基于安全信息认知的背景与特征,构建心理安全感的安全信息认知流程模型。通过描述安全信息对心理安全感的影响机理,从需要、动机、意识、期望剖析心理安全感的安全信息认知动力,归纳心理安全感的安全信息认知偏好,并从风险管控、安全氛围、安全管理落地、安全防护措施设计、员工安全生产积极性方面论述心理安全感在企业的应用对策。研究表明,员工安全信息认知对其心理安全感具有重要影响,是引起心理安全感波动的关键因素,也为心理安全感在企业的应用提供指导。     

固定化藻菌对珍珠蚌养殖废水中TN和TP去除效果的影响

将小球藻与有效微生物菌群(简称EM菌)、小球藻与活性污泥、小球藻与EM菌及活性污泥在同等条件下进行固定化处理,形成藻菌胶球(分别简称为CE、CA、CEA藻菌胶球),研究了3种藻菌胶球对珍珠蚌养殖废水中TN、TP的去除效果以及光照度、温度对3者脱氯除磷的影响,同时以无包埋藻菌胶球作为对照组进行96 h持续去TN、TP实验...     

Effect of copper on the adsorption of p-nitrophenol onto soils

The effect of copper on adsorption of p-nitrophenol on two typical Chinese soils was investigated using a batch-equilibration method. Adsorption experiments were carried out when both copper and p-nitrophenol were adsorbed simultaneously, and when copper was previously adsorbed on soils. It was observed that adsorption of p-nitrophenol decreased with increasing copper concentrations thereby indicating a competition between copper and p-nitrophenol for occupying the adsorption sites on soils. Moisture increased the hydrated sphere and the acidity of water surrounding the cation, which further reduced the adsorption of p-nitrophenol. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study provided the direct evidence for the coordination of p-nitrophenol sorbed by soils with metal cation in n-hexane system. It was observed that the perturbations included a red shift of the nu(asym) (NO) band, a concomitant blue-shift of the nu(sym) (NO) band and a blue-shift of C-N band when compared with the infrared spectra obtained from water solution.     

Crosslinking acrylamide with EDTA-intercalated layered double hydroxide for enhanced recovery of Cr(VI) and Congo red: Adsorptive and mechanistic study

• Functional groups of AM and EDTA in composite increased removal of Cr(VI) and CR. • Removal process reached equilibrium within 30 min and was minimally affected by pH. • Elimination of Cr(VI) was promoted by coexisting CR. • Adsorption process of CR was less influenced by the presence of Cr(VI). • Mechanisms were electrostatic attraction, surface complexation and anion exchange. We prepared ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-intercalated MgAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH-EDTA), then grafted acrylamide (AM) to the LDH-EDTA by a cross-linking method to yield a LDH-EDTA-AM composite; we then evaluated its adsorptive ability for Congo red (CR) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in single and binary adsorption systems. The adsorption process on LDH-EDTA-AM for CR and Cr(VI) achieved equilibrium quickly, and the removal efficiencies were minimally affected by initial pH. The maximum uptake quantities of CR and Cr(VI) on LDH-EDTA-AM were 632.9 and 48.47 mg/g, respectively. In mixed systems, chromate removal was stimulated by the presence of CR, while the adsorption efficiency of CR was almost not influenced by coexisting Cr(VI). The mechanisms involved electrostatic attraction, surface complexation, and anion exchange for the adsorption of both hazardous pollutants. In the Cr(VI) adsorption process, reduction also took place. The removal efficiencies in real contaminated water were all higher than those in the laboratory solutions.     

产生全雄子代罗非鱼亲本的分子标记及其遗传多样性分析

通过1对1的配对实验,选取产生全雄性杂交子一代的奥利亚罗非鱼和尼罗罗非鱼亲本,对其进行RAPD分析.在40个引物中筛选出22个重复性好的引物用于两个亲本群体的分子标记和遗传多样性研究,其中5个引物(S236、S328、S471、Opz6、Opz8)扩增出的特异性DNA片段,可以作为区分两个亲本群体的分子标记.在奥利亚罗非鱼群体内,共检出133个位点,多态位点数15,多态位点比例为11.28%,在奥利亚罗非鱼群体内,共检出134个位点,多态位点数26,多态位点比例为19.40%.两个亲本群体内较高的遗传相似指数(S分别为0.9787、0.9462),说明两个群体内的遗传变异较小,纯度高;奥利亚罗非鱼和尼罗罗非鱼的种间遗传距离较大(D=0.2595),表明有产生较强杂种优势的可能     

基于比较思维的安全经济学研究

为探究比较思维对安全经济学发展影响,以扩展安全经济学的研究领域,基于比较学与安全经济学的基本理论,提出比较安全经济学的定义和内涵,并阐述其研究意义,描述其基础理论和研究层次。基于比较安全经济学的属性,提出研究比较安全经济学的10个角度,总结比较安全经济学的应用领域,构建比较安全经济学“方法—知识—步骤—逻辑”四维结构体系,举例阐述其研究步骤及其安全应用。研究表明:比较安全经济学是安全经济学与比较学交叉融合形成的一门新兴安全科学分支学科,其研究旨在为企业安全资源优化配置提供理论基础。     

两株浅层底泥菌对铜绿微囊藻休眠体复苏的调控作用

将起始浓度不同的单菌和混合菌(Ba.sp06+Str.v13)分别与铜绿微囊藻休眠体及底泥共包埋,在梯度温度下进行24 d休眠体复苏实验.结果表明,温度低于10℃时,菌株Str.v13的生长增殖能力显著强于菌株Ba.sp06,各菌组休眠体复苏率最高为0.02%;在温度为15和20℃条件下,Ba.sp06与Str.v13两菌株浓度比例(以下简称"菌比")为1∶1时混合菌组休眠体复苏率(15℃时为15.5%,20℃时为23.5%)与对照组无显著差异(15℃时为15%,20℃时为22.6%),但显著低于Ba.sp06单菌组(34.5%);菌比2∶1时Ba.sp06菌对Str.v13菌具抑制效应,混合菌组复苏率(15℃时为31%,20℃时为35%)显著高于对照组,而与Ba.sp06单菌组无显著差异;菌比为1∶2时Str.v13菌对Ba.sp06菌具抑制效应,混合菌组休眠体复苏率(15℃时为6%,20℃时为6.5%)均显著低于菌比为1∶1、2∶1时及Ba.sp06单菌组,但高于Str.v13单菌组(3%).同时,各复苏阶段对复苏率的贡献主要集中在启动复苏的第12~18 d.实验表明,底泥表层铜绿微囊藻休眠体复苏不仅受温度影响(10℃),且复苏率受底栖菌Ba.sp06与Str.v13的起始浓度影响,Ba.sp06菌的起始浓度高于Str.v13菌时促进休眠体复苏,低于Str.v13菌时复苏受到抑制.因此,可以在铜绿微囊藻休眠体复苏前期通过调节Ba.sp06与Str.v13菌比来调控休眠体复苏率,为从源头防控微囊藻水华暴发提供理论依据.     

安全心理大数据的基础性问题研究

为探究大数据对安全心理学发展影响,把握大数据背景下安全心理学研究方向,基于大数据、安全心理学的理论,提出安全心理大数据定义,并阐述其内涵及研究意义。在此基础上,分析对比安全心理大数据与样本数据差异性,提出并解析安全心理大数据研究类型与准则,提炼基于大数据思维的安全心理学6条基础原理,构建安全心理大数据研究的“理论—技术—应用”三维结构体系。研究表明:基于大数据思维的安全心理学研究是未来发展趋势,其研究内容包括安全心理大数据的理论基础与应用基础。     

Degradation of Acid Orange 7 in aqueous solution by dioxygen activation in a pyrite/H2O/O2 system

Increasing attention has been paid to pyrite due to its ability to generate hydroxyl radicals in air-saturated solutions. In this study, the mineral pyrite was studied as a catalyst to activate molecular oxygen to degrade Acid Orange 7 (AO7) in aqueous solution. A complete set of control experiments were conducted to optimize the reaction conditions, including the dosage of pyrite, the AO7 concentration, as well as the initial pH value. The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by pyrite in the process was elucidated by free radical quenching reactions. Furthermore, the concentrations of Fe(II) and total Fe formed were also measured. The mechanism for the production of ROS in the pyrite/H₂O/O₂ system was that H₂O₂ was formed by hydrogen ion and superoxide anion (O₂ ^·?) which was produced by the reaction of pyrite activating O₂ and then reacted with Fe(II) dissolved from pyrite to produce ^·OH through Fenton reaction. The findings suggest that pyrite/H₂O/O₂ system is potentially practical in pollution treatment. Moreover, the results provide a new insight into the understanding of the mechanism for degradation of organic pollutants by pyrite.