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Joseane Simone de Oliveira Pereira Lidiane Rodrigues da Silva Amanda de Meireles Nunes Silas de Souza Oliveira Eliane Veiga da Costa Edson Elias da Silva 《Food and environmental virology》2016,8(1):27-33
Wild polioviruses still remain endemic in three countries (Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Nigeria) and re-emergency of wild polio has been reported in previously polio-free countries. Environmental surveillance has been used as a supplementary tool in monitoring the circulation of wild poliovirus (PVs) and/or vaccine-derived PVs even in the absence of acute flaccid paralysis cases. This study aimed to monitor the presence of polioviruses in wastewater samples collected at one wastewater treatment plant located in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. From December 2011 to June 2012 and from September to December 2012, 31 samples were collected and processed. RD and L20B cell cultures were able to isolate PVs and non-polio enteroviruses in 27/31 samples. Polioviruses were isolated in eight samples (type 1 Sabin = 1, type 2 Sabin = 5, and type 3 Sabin = 2). Vaccine-derived polioviruses were not detected nor evidence of recombination with other PVs or non-polio enterovirus serotypes were observed among the isolates. The Sabin-related serotypes 2 and 3 presented nucleotide substitutions in positions associated with the neurovirulent phenotype at the 5′-UTR. Changes in important Amino acid residues at VP1 were also observed in the serotypes 2 and 3. Environmental surveillance has been used successfully in monitoring the circulation of PVs and non-polio enteroviruses and it is of crucial importance in the final stages of the WHO global polio eradication initiative. Our results show the continuous circulation of Sabin-like PVs and non-polio enteroviruses in the analyzed area during the study period. 相似文献
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Sousa Vitor Bogas José Alexandre Real Sofia Meireles Inês 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(4):8778-8789
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The urge to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, in particular carbon dioxide, is a global problem, not only in spatial terms but also in terms of the... 相似文献
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Toro Juan Pablo Bombardelli Fabián A. Paik Joongcheol Meireles Inês Amador António 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2016,16(6):1195-1221
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - In this work we address the mean flow and turbulence statistics in the non-aerated region of a stepped spillway by using two different numerical strategies in two... 相似文献
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We present and discuss the results of a comprehensive study addressing the non-aerated region of the skimming flow in steep stepped spillways. Although flows in stepped spillways are usually characterized by high air
concentrations concomitant with high rates of energy dissipation, the non-aerated region becomes important in small dams and/or
spillways with high specific discharges. A relatively large physical model of such spillway was used to acquire data on flow
velocities and water levels and, then, well-resolved numerical simulations were performed with a commercial code to reproduce
those experimental conditions. The numerical runs benefited from the ability of using multi-block grids in a Cartesian coordinate
system, from capturing the free surface with the TruVOF method embedded in the code, and from the use of two turbulence models: the k-e{k{-}\varepsilon} and the RNGk-e{k{-}\varepsilon} models. Numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data corresponding to three volumetric flow rates in
terms of the time-averaged velocities measured at diverse steps in the spillway, and they are in very satisfactory agreement
for water levels along the spillway. In addition, the numerical results provide information on the turbulence statistics of
the flow. This work also discusses important aspects of the flow, such as the values of the exponents of the power-law velocity
profiles, and the characteristics of the development of the boundary layer in the spillway. 相似文献
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