面向未来的企业可持续发展必由之路:生态效益

介绍工业生态学中生态效益的基本概念、核心思想和企业向生态效益型发展的必要性和必然性 ,分析了推行生态效益管理的关键和难点 ,并提出我国企业推行生态效益的对策建议。     

三种偶氮染料降解历程在紫外-可见光谱上的表现

本文对基本结构相似的三种偶氮染料橙黄Ⅱ、活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ和活性黑Ｋ－ＢＲ水溶液在铁粉还原－光氧化两步法处理中的紫外－可见光谱图作对比分析,依据其结构与特征吸收的关系,初步推测还原铁粉－光氧化法降解染料的历程。     

Photodegradation of bisphenol A in simulated lake water containing algae, humic acid and ferric ions

The photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA), a suspected endocrine disruptor (ED), in simulated lake water containing algae, humic acid and Fe3+ ions was investigated. Algae, humic acid and Fe3+ ions enhanced the photodegradation of BPA. Photodegradation efficiency of BPA was 36% after 4h irradiation in the presence of 6.5 x 10(9) cells L(-1) raw Chlorella vulgaris, 4 mg L(-1) humic acid and 20 micromol L(-1) Fe3+. The photodegradation efficiency of BPA was higher in the presence of algae treated with ultrasonic than that without ultrasonic. The photodegradation efficiency of BPA in the water only containing algae treated with ultrasonic was 37% after 4h irradiation. The algae treated with heating can also enhance the photodegradation of BPA. This work helps environmental scientists to understand the photochemical behavior of BPA in lake water.     

Quantitation of Hydroxyl Radicals from Photolysis of Fe(III)-Citrate Complexes in Aerobic Water (5 pp)

Background For their high photoreactivity, Fe(III)-carboxylate complexes are important sources of H2O2 for some atmospheric and surface waters. Citrate is one kind of carboxylate, which can form complexes with Fe(III). In our previous study, we have applied Fe(III)-citrate complexes to degrade and decolorize dyes in aqueous solutions both under UV light and sunlight. Results have shown that carboxylic acids can promote the photodegradation efficiency. It is indicated that the photolysis of Fe(III)-citrate complexes may cause the formation of some reactive species (e. g. H2O2 and ·OH). This work is attempted to quantify hydroxyl radicals generated in the aqueous solution containing Fe(III)-citrate complexes and to interpret the photoreactivity of Fe(III)-citrate complexes for degrading organic compounds. Methods By using benzene as the scavenger to produce phenol, the photogeneration of ·OH in the aqueous solution containing Fe (III)-citrate complexes was determined by HPLC. Results and Discussion In the aqueous solution containing 60.0/30.0 mM Fe(III)/citrate and 7.0 mM benzene at pH 3.0, 96.66 mM ·OH was produced after irradiation by a 250W metal halide light (l ≥ 313 nm) for 160 minutes. Effects of initial pH value and concentrations of Fe(III) and citrate on ·OH radical generation were all examined. The results show that the greatest photoproduction of ·OH in the aqueous solution (pH ranged from 3.0 to 7.0) was at pH 3.0. The photoproduction of ·OH increased with increasing Fe(III) or citrate concentrations. Conclusion In the aqueous solutions containing Fe(III)-citrate complexes, ·OH radicals were produced after irradiation by a 250W metal halide light. It can be concluded that Fe(III)-citrate complexes are important sources of ·OH radicals for some atmospheric and surface waters. Recommendations and Outlook It is believed that the photolysis of Fe(III)-citrate complexes in the presence of oxygen play an important role in producing ·OH both in atmospheric waters and surface water where high concentrations of ferric ions and citrate ions exist. The photoproduction of ·OH has a high oxidizing potential for the degradation of a wide variety of natural and anthropogenic organic and inorganic substances. We can use this method for toxic organic pollutants such as organic dyes and pesticides.     

类-Fenton体系对水中17β-雌二醇的光降解

以250W照明金属卤化物灯为光源研究了水中17β雌二醇(E2)在类Fenton体系中的光降解。结果表明,Fe(Ⅲ)/H2O2体系能有效地光降解E2。pH3～6范围内,E2光降解率及反应初始速率随酸度的增大而增大;H2O2初始浓度越大,E2降解率及反应初始速率越大;E2初始浓度越低,E2降解率越高,反应初始速率越低。     

雌酮在铁(Ⅲ)-草酸盐配合物体系中的光降解

以125 W高压汞灯为光源,研究了水中雌酮(E1)在铁(Ⅲ)-草酸盐体系中的光降解;考察了初始pH值、铁(Ⅲ)/草酸盐配比、E1初始浓度对E1光降解的影响.结果表明,铁(Ⅲ)/草酸盐体系能引发E1的光降解.在pH=3.5,Fe(Ⅲ)/Ox配比为10/120μmol/L时,2 mg/L E1光照160 min可以降解59%.在pH 3～6范围内,pH为3～4时E1降解效率最高;在2～10 mg/L范围内,光降解效率随水溶液中E1初始浓度的增加而降低.     

Ferric citrate-induced photodegradation of dyes in aqueous solutions

The photooxidation of dye solutions containing Fe(III)-citrate complexes was studied. The photodegradation under near-UV light of the five dyes, C. I. reactive red 2, C. I. reactive blue 4, C. I. reactive black 8, C. I. basic red 13 and C. I. basic yellow 2, in aqueous solutions at pH2.0 containing Fe(III)-citrate complexes was found to follow pseudo-first order kinetics. The photodegradation rates of the dye, C. I. reactive red 2, decreased with increasing the initial dye concentration in range of 20 – 60 mg/L . A comparatively higher photodegradation efficiency of the dye was gained under the condition of pH2.0 and the Fe(III) to citrate ratio 1:2.     

还原铁粉/紫外光体系对活性艳红X-3B溶液的脱色

研究了在紫外杀菌灯（λmax=253．7nm,30W）照射下,添加还原铁粉的活性艳红X－3B水溶液的脱色作用。当pH=3．5,铁粉投加量为2．0g／L时,20mg／L活性艳红X－3B溶液在光照180min后的脱色率为79％。脱色为动力学零级反应。染料溶液的pH、铁粉投加量、活性艳红初始浓度对脱色有影响。初步探讨了脱色反应的机理。     

Highly efficient photocatalytic oxidation of antibiotic ciprofloxacin using TiO2@g-C3N4@biochar composite

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this present study, a novel indirect Z-scheme TiO2@g-C3N4@biochar (TiO2@g-C3N4@BC) composite photocatalyst was successfully fabricated and...     

散射光下铁(Ⅲ)-丙酮酸盐配合物还原铬(Ⅵ)的研究

研究了在散射光下铁（Ⅲ）-丙酮酸盐配合物对铬（Ⅵ）的光还原反应;考察了溶液pH、铁（Ⅲ）、丙酮酸钠、铬（Ⅵ）浓度对反应的影响;分析了铬（Ⅵ）光还原反应的动力学。实验结果表明：铁（Ⅲ）-丙酮酸盐配合物体系能在较弱的散射光下还原铬（Ⅵ）。在铬（Ⅵ）浓度为19．2μmol／L、铁（Ⅲ）浓度为10．0μmol／L、丙酮酸钠浓度为240μmol／L、pH为3．0、光照240min的条件下,铬（Ⅵ）的还原率达到99．7％。从表观动力学方程的反应级数看,铁（Ⅲ）的级数（0．83）最高,铁（Ⅲ）浓度是影响铬（Ⅵ）光还原反廊速率的主要因素．铁（Ⅱ）是铬（Ⅵ）光还原的主要还原剂。