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Current status and research on E-waste issues in Asia 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
Atsushi Terazono Shinsuke Murakami Naoya Abe Bulent Inanc Yuichi Moriguchi Shin-ichi Sakai Michikazu Kojima Aya Yoshida Jinhui Li Jianxin Yang Ming H. Wong Amit Jain In-Suk Kim Genandrialine L. Peralta Chun-Chao Lin Thumrongrut Mungcharoen Eric Williams 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2006,8(1):1-12
Rapid economic growth in Asia and the increasing transboundary movement of secondary resources will increasingly require both
3R endeavors (reduce, reuse, recycle) in each country and appropriate control of international material cycles. Recently,
managing electrical and electronic waste (E-waste) has become an important target for domestic and international material
cycles from the viewpoints of environmental preservation and resource utilization efficiency. To understand the current status
of E-waste issues in the context of international material cycles and to discuss the future tasks related to achieving 3R
in the region, we organized the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) E-waste Workshop in December 2004. This
article reviews past studies on E-waste and briefly describes the topics presented and discussions held at the workshop. The
topics at the workshop included E-waste generation, recycling systems, international trade, and environmental impacts. In
addition, we discussed various issues such as terminology, current environmental concerns, and possible solutions. Transboundary
shipments of E-waste should be conducted taking into consideration the concept of sustainable development. The direction of
future research and possible collaborations are also discussed. 相似文献
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Scaratti Gidiane De Noni Júnior Agenor José Humberto Jorge de Fatima Peralta Muniz Moreira Regina 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(18):22144-22154
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - 1,4-Dioxane is a synthetic cyclic ether traditionally used as a chlorinated solvent stabilizer. It is a small molecule and recalcitrant compound that... 相似文献
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Netto GC Sauer T José HJ Moreira Rde F Humeres E 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2004,54(1):77-82
The evaluation of photonic efficiency in heterogeneous photocatalysis remains elusive because the number of absorbed photons is difficult to assess experimentally. The photonic efficiency of heterogeneous photocatalytic reactors depends on the reactor geometry, irradiation source, and photocatalyst properties. In this work, the relative photonic efficiency of heterogeneous photocatalytic reactors to degrade an azo dye was evaluated using phenol as the standard system. The experimental tests were carried out in a batch reactor under different conditions of pH, catalyst dosage, initial concentration, and ultraviolet (UV) lamps. The kinetics of disappearance of both phenol and azo dye were studied using the initial rate method and were described according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) kinetic model. It was observed that the relative photonic efficiency depends on the adsorption/desorption properties of the photocatalyst. 相似文献
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M. A. B. Promentilla G. L. Peralta 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2003,5(1):0013-0021
The public perception of risks related to waste disposal facilities appears to reflect general societal anxieties and fears,
which may not have a reasonable basis. A three-tier risk assessment study was therefore conducted to evaluate the landfill
disposal of asbestos-containing waste (ACW) and geothermal residues. From the tier-1 analysis, the dominant asbestiform phase
was identified as chrysotile, that is tightly bound in the matrix of calcite, while arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead were
identified as the chemicals of potential concern associated with geothermal residues. From the tier-2 analysis, none of the
possible exposure pathways associated with the landfill disposal of ACW was found to be potentially significant. On the other
hand, there were potentially significant pathways associated with landfill disposal of geothermal residues because of the
considerable potential pollution impact of leachate on soil and groundwater quality. From the tier-3 analysis, the health
risk associated with landfill disposal of geothermal residues was found to be time-dependent, since the contributions to risk
from water-dependent and water-independent pathways occur at different times, as indicated by RESRAD–Chem simulations. Component
pathway analyses were performed to identify critical exposure pathways. The results from model sensitivity analysis have identified
the input parameters that have the most influence on the time of peak risk, and the cancer risk associated with water-dependent
and water-independent pathways.
Received: July 9, 2002 / Accepted: October 17, 2002 相似文献
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Cleisson Fábio A. Peralta Victor Bunduki José Píndaro P. Plese Eberval Gadelha Figueiredo Javier Miguelez Marcelo Zugaib 《黑龙江环境通报》2003,23(4):311-314
This study presents 30 cases of fetal isolated spina bifida aperta (SBA) to identify prenatal ultrasound findings that could predict the prognosis. Comparisons between surviving patients who had normal (group 1) and abnormal (group 2) post-natal neurological outcomes were made for three different prenatal signs, that is, site of vertebral lesion, presence and degree of ventriculomegaly and presence of talipes. The site of the lesion was the most significant outcome predictor, as high spinal dysraphisms were observed in 2 patients (2/7–28.6%) in group 1 and in 15 patients (15/19–79.0%) in group 2 (p = 0.03). The presence of fetal ventriculomegaly was associated with impaired post-natal neurological development, as it occurred in 4 patients (4/7–57.1%) in group 1 and in 18 patients (18/19–94.7%) in group 2 (p = 0.04). The presence of talipes did not significantly differ between the two groups. Patients with abnormal intellectual outcome (8/26–30.8%) had significantly greater (p = 0.018) lateral ventricle/hemisphere ratios (mean = 0.74, standard deviation = 0.13) than those with normal intellectual development (mean = 0.54, standard deviation = 0.18). Mean post-natal follow-up was at 23 months (standard deviation = 15 months). Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Genandrialine L. Peralta Psyche M. Fontanos 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2006,8(1):34-39
The continuous dependence on electronic equipment at home and in the workplace has given rise to a new environmental challenge:
electronic waste. Electronic waste, or e-waste, refers to electronic products that no longer satisfy the needs of the initial
purchaser. These can include a wide variety of goods, such as computers, cellular phones, TVs, refrigerators, air conditioners,
washing machines, and video cameras. These pieces of equipment contain hazardous materials such as lead, beryllium, mercury,
cadmium, and chromium that pose both an occupational and environmental health threat. Although electronic equipment is considered
safe during use, the potential for release of the toxic constituents increases during storage or disposal. Because of the
growing number of discarded electronic devices resulting from rapid product obsolescence, this type of waste is an emerging
concern among developing countries. This study estimates the current and future quantity of e-waste in the Philippines, with
a focus on televisions, refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, and radios. Data from the National Statistics Office
(NSO) serve as the input to a simple end-of-life model for each type of electronic device. Mathematical equations are derived
incorporating other factors, such as the number of electronic devices in use, current end-of-life management practices, serviceable
years of the product, and disposal behavior of consumers. An accurate estimation of e-waste generation would be useful in
policy making as well as in designing an effective management scheme to avoid the potential threats of health impacts or environmental
pollution. Preliminary estimates show that at the end of 2005, approximately 2.7 million units became obsolete and about 1.8
million units required landfilling. Over a 10-year period from 1995 to 2005, approximately 25 million units became obsolete.
An additional 14 million units are projected to become obsolete in the next 5 years. 相似文献
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