亚慢性氟暴露致小鼠海马损伤的影响及分子机制研究

为探明亚慢性氟中毒致小鼠海马损伤及分子机制,选用ICR雄性小鼠140只,随机分为对照(C)、低氟(LF)、高氟(HF)、低氟(LF)+L钙离子通道激动剂(FPL)、低氟(LF)+L钙离子通道抑制剂(NIF)、高氟(HF)+激动剂(FPL)、高氟(HF)+抑制剂(NIF) 7组,分别饮用自来水、5、30 mg·L~(-1)氟化钠水溶液90 d,氟染毒第84 d分别腹腔注射生理盐水、FPL64176、Nifedipine7d.同时,采用开场行为及水迷宫检测学习记忆能力;通过HE切片染色观察海马形态结构;根据试剂盒说明检测脑组织谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量;利用RT-PCR和Western Blot法分别检测海马内凋亡相关分子CaMKⅡ和Bax、Bcl-2基因/蛋白表达.结果发现,HF组、LF+FPL组和HF+FPL组小鼠毛发粗糙,暴躁不安.LF、HF组小鼠自发活动、探究行为及空间学习记忆力显著下降(p0.05),海马细胞损伤,SOD、GSH-PX活性极显著下降(p0.01),CaMKⅡ基因/蛋白表达水平显著(p0.05)或极显著(p0.01)上调,Bax基因/蛋白表达水平显著(p0.05)或极显著(p0.01)上调,Bcl-2基因/蛋白表达水平显著(p0.05)或极显著(p0.01)下调,Bax与Bcl-2基因/蛋白表达水平比值显著(p0.05)或极显著(p0.01)上调;LF+FPL、HF+FPL处理加剧了上述基因/蛋白表达水平,LF+NIF、HF+NIF组可逆转上述基因/蛋白表达水平.结果提示,氟中毒致脑损伤与L型钙离子通道及下游相关分子表达异常密切相关,而L钙离子通道抑制剂(Nifedipine)能改善氟暴露造成的海马损伤.     

Authentication of emission monitoring data and optimization of desulfurization in the molybdenum roasting process based on BAT-OOPN and the response surface method

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper presents a quantitative pollutant discharge model for a typical molybdenum roasting plant, which combines the best available technology and...     

特警战训服面料开发技术研究

本文介绍了以芳纶纤维为主要材料的我国新一代特警战训服面料的技术研发及达到的主要性能指标。通过试验研究,开发了具有高强防撕裂、永久阻燃、耐高温、防静电、防油拒水、防酸碱等具有集成防护功能的特警战训服系列面料。     

PCBs暴露ApoE-/-小鼠肝脏的microRNA和mRNA调控网络研究

本研究通过microRNA-mRNA相互作用考察PCBs的基因毒性,探讨PCBs致动脉粥样硬化可能的分子机制.研究使用8周龄ApoE-/-小鼠,腹腔注射PCBs混合物Aroclor1254(55 mg·kg-1体重),暴露6周后获取其肝脏,提取总RNA,获取cDNA或对RNA去磷酸化及特征标记.采用Affymetrix GeneChipMouse Genome430 2.0基因芯片和Agilent Mouse microRNA array芯片,分析Aroclor1254暴露前后mRNAs和miRNAs的差异表达情况.随后,结合Affymetrix mRNA芯片平台,使用IPA软件分析差异表达的miRNAs和mRNAs,揭示Aroclor1254暴露对基因调控网络和信号通路的影响.研究结果显示,Aroclor1254暴露后有18个差异表达的miRNAs能够靶向调控110个差异表达的mRNAs,二者可共同影响糖代谢、脂代谢、细胞死亡、分子运输等生物学功能.进一步考察与动脉粥样硬化发生发展密切相关的糖代谢、脂代谢网络调控,发现miRNA-22、let-7family、miRNA-15a/b,以及靶基因PPARα、PPARγ辅助激活因子1α和Foxo1,在PCBs暴露致动脉粥样硬化发生发展的糖脂代谢异常中发挥了重要作用.     

溶气气浮过程动力学模型的分形观

凝聚/絮凝过程中形成的絮体通常具有分形几何结构,导致絮体的密度、渗透性发生了变化,从而对于固液分离过程(沉淀、气浮和过滤)带来很大的影响。本文基于前人对于絮体分形的研究成果,建立了絮体与微气泡之间接触碰撞的动力学方程、絮体/微气泡聚集体在水中上升的分形速率方程。絮体与微气泡间的相对尺度和流态的不同会有不同的碰撞机制,相应的动力学方程式与絮体的分形维数也有不同的关系。     

Use of dewatered municipal sludge on Canna growth in pot experiments with a barren clay soil

The present study evaluated the possibility of using the dewatered municipal sludge for non-agricultural purposes. The sludge was amended with soil and was applied at 0, 165, 330, 495 and 660 t/ha to promote the growth of Canna. The results showed that the Canna growth pattern exhibited a pronounced positive growth response in the range of 165–495 t/ha, and the Canna could not survive at an amendment rate of 660 t/ha. The analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed that sludge did no harm to Canna, while under the conditions of barren soil alone, the plants were put into nutrients stress conditions. Due to the application of sludge, the concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni) in soil increased. However, by planting of Canna, contents of Cd, Ni and Zn showed trends of decline; Cd and Ni have shown a significant decline in concentration, while Zn had only limit response. As a result, dewatered sludge might be used to amend the barren soil and Canna could be used for phytoremediation of sludge.     

基于BAT-OOPN理论的煤电机组超低排放限值研究

应用由经典Petri网发展而来的面向对象Petri网的理论和方法,将Petri网移植引入绥电超低排放(BAT)工艺中,对绥电超低排放(BAT)数值模拟进行研究。结果表明,在置信水平为99%时,颗粒物、SO2、NOx的浓度正态分布均值置信区间为颗粒物(4.0,4.9),SO2(10.9,14.2),NOx(35.1,39.1);最佳排放质量浓度为:颗粒物1.7 mg/m^3,SO22.0 mg/m^3,NOx19.8 mg/m^3;最差排放质量浓度为:颗粒物7.5 mg/m^3,SO231.0 mg/m^3,NOx47.9 mg/m^3。根据最佳排放浓度指出污染物削减潜力以及绥电减排的空间,可以根据最差排放浓度进行污染源预警;依据仿真结果并结合现有的排放标准,拟定燃煤电厂超低排放限值为颗粒物5.0mg/m^3,SO215 mg/m^3,NOx40 mg/m^3。     

铁碳微电解预处理制药废水的实验研究

采用铁碳微电解的方法对高浓度的制药废水进行预处理,考察了反应时间、铁碳比、pH值因素对处理效果的影响。结果表明,反应时间为100min,铁碳体积比为1：1,pH为4时,效果最佳,CODcr的去除率可达到50．52％,同时BOD5／CODcr也由原水的不足0．1上升到0．32,可生化性得到提高。     

环境暴露致秀丽线虫衰老毒性及相关作用机制研究进展

衰老作为一个重要的评价终点,目前已经广泛应用于秀丽线虫环境暴露评价以及相关毒理学研究.系统总结了各种金属以及有机污染物暴露所致秀丽线虫衰老毒性;分析了胰岛素信号、应激反应与氧化应激、线粒体呼吸链、金属硫蛋白、金属诱导胁迫响应蛋白NUMR-1和NUMR-2等在环境暴露致秀丽线虫衰老毒性形成中的重要调控功能;指出了代谢变化...     

Keeping eggs warm: thermal and developmental advantages for parasitic cuckoos of laying unusually thick-shelled eggs

Obligate brood parasites have evolved unusually thick-shelled eggs, which are hypothesized to possess a variety of functions such as resistance to puncture ejection by their hosts. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that obligate brood parasites lay unusually thick-shelled eggs to retain more heat for the developing embryo and thus contribute to early hatching of parasite eggs. By doing so, we used an infrared thermal imaging system as a non-invasive method to quantify the temperature of eggshells of common cuckoos (Cuculus canorus) and their Oriental reed warbler (Acrocephalus orientalis) hosts in an experiment that artificially altered the duration of incubation. Our results showed that cuckoo eggshells had higher temperature than host eggs during incubation, but also less fluctuations in temperature during incubation disturbance. Therefore, there was a thermal and hence a developmental advantage for brood parasitic cuckoos of laying thick-shelled eggs, providing another possible explanation for the unusually thick-shelled eggs of obligate brood parasites and earlier hatching of cuckoo eggs compared to those of the host.