Long-term study of heavy metal pollution in the northern Hangzhou Bay of China: temporal and spatial distribution,contamination evaluation,and potential ecological risk

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coastal ecosystem is vulnerable to heavy metal contamination. The northern Hangzhou Bay is under intensifying impact of anthropogenic activities. To...     

交流滤波器断路器在线诊断分析系统开发与应用

针对交流滤波器断路器运维工作中存在的问题,通过对断路器运行状态不稳定、人员运维工作量大及技术水平层次不一等原因进行分析,开发了一款“换流站交流滤波器断路器在线诊断分析系统软件”。应用结果表明:由系统软件代替人工检查分析,缩短了人员检查分析波形的时间,提高了人工巡检效率,实现了对交流滤波器断路器深层次隐患问题的在线诊断管理,可为全国各直流换流站交流滤波器断路器运维管理提供参考。     

海河流域近500年大旱大涝时空特征及趋势预测

作者选择记录年代较长、系统性较好、分布均匀的十八个站作为海河流域的代表站，分别统计了近５００年及每世纪、各年代大旱大涝的出现频数，探讨了它的时空分布特征。还根据天文、气候背景制作了１９９５～２０１０年旱涝趋势预测。研究表明，１９９５～２０１０年海河流域大致处于太阳活动２３周的黑子低值位相和第２４周的高值位相之间，同时又处在太阳黑子世纪周期的下降段。从全国旱涝型指数和北京地区旱涝等级变化曲线看，目前海河流域正处于持续下降期，未来将进入湿润多雨阶段     

含重金属离子废水治理技术的研究进展

介绍了治理含重金属离子废水的物理法、物理化学法、普通化学法、生化法及电化学法等技术的研究进展;论述了电-生物耦合法处理该类废水的最新趋势;指出将不同治理技术加以耦合,充分发挥不同技术的优点、取长补短,并尽量避免它们之问的相互抑制作用,将是该类废水治理技术的发展方向。     

中强再生混凝土楼板抗弯性能试验研究

为研究中强再生混凝土板的抗弯性能,进行了2个足尺再生混凝土板和2个普通混凝土板的抗弯性能对比试验。试件再生混凝土粗骨料取代率100%、细骨料用天然砂,混凝土设计强度等级均为C40,加载方式为三分点单向重复加载。试验分析了各试件的开裂荷载、屈服荷载、极限荷载、挠度、裂缝及损伤过程。研究表明:中强再生混凝土楼板与中强普通混凝土楼板相比,受弯破坏过程类似,开裂荷载相近、极限荷载较低,跨中挠度略大;中强再生混凝土楼板承载力和正常使用状态下的挠度和裂缝宽度计算可近似采用混凝土结构设计规范的方法,但应乘以与再生粗骨料取代率有关的折减系数,以考虑其长期工作性能与短期试验结果的差异。     

噬重金属离子功能微生物的驯化及电镜表征

介绍了噬重金属离子混合微生物的培养、驯化流程。对重金属离子驯化后的功能微生物进行SEM、TEM表征:经驯化后,微生物种群数量急剧减少,但适应性个体数量明显增加,且细胞结构,表面形态均发生显著变化。球状菌和丝状真菌紧密共生,大量球状菌附着于丝状真菌构成的网状结构上。     

Online recognition of drainage type based on UV-vis spectra and derivative neural network algorithm

• UV-vis absorption analyzer was applied in drainage type online recognition. • The UV-vis spectrum of four drainage types were collected and evaluated. • A convolutional neural network with multiple derivative inputs was established. • Effects of different network structures and input contents were compared. Optimizing sewage collection is important for water pollution control and wastewater treatment plants quality and efficiency improvement. Currently, the urban drainage pipeline network is upgrading to improve its classification and collection ability. However, there is a lack of efficient online monitoring and identification technology. UV-visible absorption spectrum probe is considered as a potential monitoring method due to its small size, reagent-free and fast detection. Because the performance parameters of probe like optic resolution, dynamic interval and signal-to-noise ratio are weak and high turbidity of sewage raises the noise level, it is necessary to extract shape features from the turbidity disturbed drainage spectrum for classification purposes. In this study, drainage network samples were online collected and tested, and four types were labeled according to sample sites and environment situation. Derivative spectrum were adopted to amplify the shape features, while convolutional neural network algorithm was established to conduct nonlinear spectrum classification. Influence of input and network structure on classification accuracy was compared. Original spectrum, first-order derivative spectrum and a combination of both were set to be three different inputs. Artificial neural network with or without convolutional layer were set be two different network structures. The results revealed a convolutional neural network combined with inputs of first and zero-order derivatives was proposed to have the best classification effect on domestic sewage, mixed rainwater, rainwater and industrial sewage. The recognition rate of industrial wastewater was 100%, and the recognition rate of domestic sewage and rainwater mixing system were over 90%.     

不同休息方式对缓解监控作业疲劳的作用研究

为探讨消极休息与积极休息对缓解监控作业疲劳的作用,在分析监控作业特点基础上,利用计算机语言编程模拟监控作业,设计两个主实验分别从主观评价及生理心理指标测量等方面对被试者在采用不同方式休息前后的疲劳指标进行测量,并对数据进行差异性分析。实验数据分析结果表明:日常工作和生活中大家较多采用的消极休息方式能够在有限时间内较好缓解监控作业疲劳,以小强度运动为主的积极休息方式也能够较好地起到缓解监控作业疲劳的效果。但经过同样时间、同样强度的监控作业后,在相同短的休息时间内,采用积极休息方式比采用消极休息方式对于缓解监控作业疲劳更有效。     

简述二噁英降解方法的研究进展

二噁英是一类剧毒的持久性有机污染物和一级致癌物质。脱氯降解是降低二噁英毒性的有效途径之一。本文首先介绍了二噁英的种类、来源和危害,其次对二噁英的降解方法包括光降解、光-Fenton降解、生物降解、热降解、化学降解脱氯作了简要评述,比较了各种降解方法的优劣。     

饮马河流域水环境综合风险时空分布

为评价饮马河流域水环境综合风险,从水环境风险的危险性、暴露性、脆弱性及区域治理能力4个方面构建了饮马河流域水环境综合风险评估体系.选取2000年、2005年、2010年和2015年的水环境数据进行分析,采用水环境污染风险指数法和层次分析法对饮马河流域水环境综合风险进行评估,并绘制了各年度饮马河流域的风险空间分布图,分析了饮马河流域水环境风险空间变化特征.结果表明:2000—2015年,各危险性指标的量化值不断减小;暴露性指标中,耕地面积不断扩大,工业企业个数不断增加,人口密度变化不明显;各脆弱性指标的量化值不断减小;水环境区域治理能力各指标的量化值不断增大.研究显示,2000—2015年,流域内水环境危险性和脆弱性不断降低,暴露性和区域治理能力逐渐升高,水环境风险逐渐降低;其中,长春市一直处于水环境高风险水平,伊通县一直处于低风险水平.