Comparison of lignin peroxidase and horseradish peroxidase for catalyzing the removal of nonylphenol from water

Concentrations of aqueous-phase nonylphenol (NP), a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical, are shown to be reduced effectively via reaction with lignin peroxidase (LiP) or horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide. We systematically assessed their reaction efficiencies at varying conditions, and the results have confirmed that the catalytic performance of LiP toward NP was more efficient than that of HRP under experimental conditions. Mass spectrum analysis demonstrated that polymerization through radical–radical coupling mechanism was the pathway leading to NP transformation. Our molecular modeling with the assistance of ab initio suggested the coupling of NP likely proceeded via covalent bonding between two NP radicals at their unsubstituted carbons in phenolic rings. Data from acute immobilization tests with Daphnia confirm that NP toxicity is effectively eliminated by LiP/HRP-catalyzed NP removal. The findings in this study provide useful information for understanding LiP/HRP-mediated NP reactions, and comparison of enzymatic performance can present their advantages for up-scale applications in water/wastewater treatment.     

Numerous experiments for the impact of warming climate on the phenology and grain yield of winter wheat

Based on the environmental and crop data at Zhenjiang City, in Jiangsu Province, middle east of China, the growing process of winter wheat was simulated by CERES-Wheat model assuming the daily average temperature is 1℃ to 2℃ higher than at the present, which are mostly possible for the change of climate because of enrichment of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The simulation results show that warming climate can promote development rate and shorten phenological stages of wheat, and the grain yield will be higher than present. Its impact on the kernel weight and grains per square meter were different for the plantings of various sowing dates. The results of this study suggest that substantial changes in agricultural production and management practices are needed to respond to the climatic changes expected to take place in China.     

长江水域强制铺设围油栏的必要性和实施对策

针对长江干线推行强制铺设围油栏工作中存在的问题，提出这项工作的必要性以及解决的对策。     

采用微絮凝—过滤工艺处理油田采出水

采用微絮凝—过滤工艺处理油田采出水,筛选出最佳絮凝剂并确定了加入量,研究了微絮凝—过滤工艺现场处理油田采出水的效果。实验结果表明:在进水中ρ(油)和SS分别为60 mg/L和25 mg/L的条件下,出水ρ(油)和SS分别为1 mg/L和3 mg/L,去除率分别达到99%和95%;二级过滤出水达到油田回注水标准;应用微絮凝—过滤工艺效果明显。     

One-dimensional modelling of sediment deposition in reservoirs with sinking streams

It is common in karst regions that rivers are occasionally cut by mountains, resulting in the alternate appearances of open channel flow and pressurized flow. With more and more reservoirs being built in this region, the complicated sediment transport processes of such mixture flow are urgently needed to study. In this paper a one-dimensional numerical model with free surface and pressurized flows coupled together is presented. The simulated results are analyzed to explore deposition process in reservoirs with sinking streams; impacts of different hydraulic conditions on the sedimentation are also studied. To verify the computed results, a flume experiment is also conducted. The results show that deposition of sediments mainly occurs in open channel reaches where the longitudinal profile is similar to that of conventional reservoirs, i.e. typical delta has formed, demonstrating characteristics of deltaic deposition morphology in that the crest of delta moves to the downstream direction over time. The model provided by this paper is not only proved to simulate the characteristics of deposition in karst reservoirs successfully, but also reveal the impacts of hydraulic conditions in such circumstances.     

Degradation of recalcitrant organic matter in SAARB leachate by a combined process of coagulation and catalytic ozonation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A combined coagulation and γ-Al2O3 catalytic ozonation process was used to treat semi-aerobic aged refuse biofilter (SAARB) effluent from...     

搅拌式多介质过滤器在三元复合驱采出水处理中应用

三元复合驱采出水粘度高导致现有过滤器滤料板结,形成致密滤饼层,滤料无法彻底清洗,严重影响了过滤效果,出水水质难以达标。鉴于此,本项目开发了适合于高粘度废水处理用过滤器,通过采用桨式搅拌装置破坏滤料表层滤饼层,提高反冲洗效果,实现滤料彻底反冲洗。在大庆油田杏二中污水处理站采用该技术新建两座滤罐,研究了两级过滤处理效果。新建滤罐反冲洗压力维持0.2 mpa以内,水量稳定在400 m^3/h以上,解决了滤罐反冲洗憋压、跑料、滤料清洗不彻底问题,保证滤料彻底再生,提高了过滤效果,经二级过滤后出水油痕量,悬浮物在20 mg/L以下,达到油田污水回注标准。     

贵州荔波喀斯特洞穴水重金属含量及健康风险评价

为了解荔波洞穴水的重金属含量及健康风险水平,文章对13个洞穴水中的8种重金属浓度进行检测分析,并运用健康风险评价模型,估算饮水暴露途径下重金属污染物的健康危害风险水平。结果表明,重金属的平均浓度大小为:Zn>Cr>Cu>As>Ni>Cd>Pb>Hg,均未超过《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848-2017)Ⅲ类水标准。荔波洞穴水重金属含量总体低于(或少部分接近)洞穴外地表水和地下水。Spearman相关性分析表明,Zn与Pb、Cu之间均呈极显著正相关,Cd和Hg之间呈极显著正相关,As和Cr、Hg之间均呈极显著负相关。健康风险评价表明,洞穴水重金属所致的成人和儿童的健康总风险平均值大小顺序为Cr>As>Cd>Cu>Hg>Ni>Pb>Zn。Cr和As(85%的洞穴)所致的成人和儿童的个人平均年健康风险均超过了瑞典环境保护局、荷兰建设环保局、英国皇家协会的最大可接受风险,说明如果长期饮用洞穴水会产生一定的致癌风险。Cr和As对成人和儿童总健康风险的平均贡献率均为99.60%,故Cr和As应作为荔波洞穴水优先控制管理的污染物。儿童的健康总风险(5.46×10~(-6)～3.97×10~(-5)a~(-1))高于成人(4.80×10~(-6)～3.51×10~(-5)a~(-1)),需加强对儿童饮用水安全的控制和管理。