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Ilya R. Fischhoff Jonathan Dushoff Siva R. Sundaresan Justine E. Cordingley 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2009,63(7):1035-1043
Animal groups arise from individuals’ choices about the number, characteristics, and identity of associates. Individuals make
these choices to gain benefits from their associations. As the needs of an individual change with its phenotype, so too we
expect the nature of its associations to vary. In this paper, we investigate how the social priorities of male plains zebra
(Equus burchelli) depend on reproductive state. An adult male is either a bachelor, and lacking mating access, or a stallion defending a harem.
Multiple harems and bachelor males aggregate in larger herds. Herds frequently split and merge, affording males opportunities
to change associates. Over a 4-year period, we sampled the herd associations in a population of 500–700 zebras. To isolate
the effects of reproductive state on male social behavior, we account for potential confounding factors: changes in population
size, grouping tendencies, and sampling intensity. We develop a generally applicable permutation procedure, which allows us
to test the null hypothesis that social behavior is independent of male status. Averaging over all individuals in the population,
we find that a typical bachelor is found in herds containing significantly more adults, bachelors, and stallions than the
herds of a typical stallion. Further, bachelors’ bonds with each other are more persistent over time than those among stallions.
These results suggest that bachelors form cohesive cliques, in which we may expect cooperative behaviors to develop. Stallion–stallion
associations are more diffuse, and less conducive to long-term cooperation.
This contribution is part of the special issue “Social Networks: new perspectives” (Guest Editors: J. Krause, D. Lusseau and
R. James). 相似文献
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Manickaraj Shairam Thirumalai Deepak Manjunath Prashanth Sekarbabu Viswanathan Jeganathan Sivasubramanian Sundaresan Lakshmikirupa Subramaniyam Rajalakshmi Jeganathan Manivannan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(30):23825-23833
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Environmental factors including pollution affect human health, and the unifying factor in determining toxicity and pathogenesis for a wide array of... 相似文献
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Kesavachandran Chandrasekharan Nair Prathish Krishna Pillai Sakhre Saurabh Ajay Sundaresan Vasanthi Rahul Chirackal Muraleedharan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(21):30802-30807
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The World Health Organization has proposed the ambient air quality guidelines 2021. The uniqueness of the guidelines of the World Health Organization... 相似文献
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