Iron,thermal stratification,Eucalyptus sp., and hypoxia: drivers to water blackening in southern China reservoirs

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The management of black water depends primarily on the knowledge of the dynamics of organic matter (OM), iron (Fe), sulfide (S), and manganese (Mn),...     

上湄公河航道改善施工的环境影响及对应措施

上湄公河航道改善工程的主要内容为对多处严重碍航的海滩和零星孤礁进行炸礁。为减少对环境的不利影响,施工中采取了一系列环境保护措施。对施工河段的监测数据结果表明工程对环境只产生了轻微而且短时间的影响。     

The ethical contours of research in crisis settings: five practical considerations for academic institutional review boards and researchers

The number of research studies in the humanitarian field is rising. It is imperative, therefore, that institutional review boards (IRBs) consider carefully the additional risks present in crisis contexts to ensure that the highest ethical standards are upheld. Ethical guidelines should represent better the specific issues inherent to research among populations grappling with armed conflict, disasters triggered by natural hazards, or health‐related emergencies. This paper seeks to describe five issues particular to humanitarian settings that IRBs should deliberate and on which they should provide recommendations to overcome associated challenges: staged reviews of protocols in acute emergencies; flexible reviews of modification requests; addressing violence and the traumatic experiences of participants; difficulties in attaining meaningful informed consent among populations dependent on aid; and ensuring reviews are knowledgeable of populations' needs. Considering these matters when reviewing protocols will yield more ethically sound research in humanitarian settings and hold researchers accountable to appropriate ethical standards.