Novel synthesis of multicomponent porous nano-hybrid composite,theoretical investigation using DFT and dye adsorption applications: disposing of waste with waste

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Extensive studies have shown that doping can enhance the properties of graphene, but the application to real industrial wastewater treatment and...     

LNG储罐泄漏火灾爆炸事故后果定量分析

分析了目前用于定量预测LNG储罐泄漏火灾爆炸事故后果的三种主要计算模型,并基于ALO-HA软件对LNG储罐泄漏导致的火灾爆炸事故后果进行了定量评估,深入分析了风速、泄漏部位对LNG储罐泄漏事故的影响.结果表明:①在蒸汽云爆炸模型条件下,可燃区域和爆炸冲击波伤害区域随风速的增大先增大后减小,风速为7 m/s时达到最大值;随泄漏点与储罐底部距离的增大而减小;②在池火模型条件下,热辐射伤害区域随风速的增大先增大后减小,风速为10 m/s时达到最大值;随泄漏点与储罐底部距离的增大而减小;风速使该区域向下风向方向偏移,且偏移程度随风速增加而增加;③在沸腾液体扩展蒸气云爆炸模型条件下,风速和泄漏源位置变化对热辐射伤害区域形状和面积定量计算结果没有影响.     

玉米光谱小波奇异熵的铜污染监测研究

不同浓度铜离子(Cu2+)胁迫梯度下的玉米叶片光谱存在细微差异,但传统的光谱相似性测度方法难以区分健康的与受污染的玉米叶片光谱间的变异信息.为此,本文结合小波变换和奇异熵理论,构建小波奇异熵(Wavelet Singular Entropy,WSE)方法用于Cu2+胁迫下的玉米污染程度分析与污染监测.通过设置不同浓度Cu2+胁迫梯度下的玉米盆栽实验,依据玉米叶片的光谱测量数据和所测定的叶片中Cu2+含量,并与绿峰高度(Green-peak Height,GH)和红谷吸收深度(Red-valley Depth,RD)光谱特征参数法污染监测应用结果进行对比分析,研究WSE方法的Cu2+污染监测效果.结果表明,WSE值与Cu2+胁迫梯度、玉米叶片中Cu2+含量呈显著正相关,WSE值大小能够较好地表征叶片光谱的污染信息奇异性及其污染程度.     

Characterizing interactions of socioeconomic development and environmental impact at a watershed scale

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Worldwide socioeconomic development has resulted in huge irretrievable environmental problems in various ecosystems. This study employed seven coastal...     

植物影响空气中持久性有机污染物的研究进展

持久性有机污染物(POPs)在植物与空气两相界面之间存在动态交换过程,一方面,植物叶片吸附、吸收空气中的POPs,净化了空气,并将其转移到食物链和土壤等其它环境介质中;另一方面,植物叶片通过挥发使其吸附的POPs重新回到空气中,最终对全球范围内POPs的循环和环境归趋产生重要影响.本文综述了植物与空气中POPs的动态交换过程,分析了影响植物吸附和挥发POPs的主要因素,包括POPs的理化性质、植物特征和环境条件.同时,就城市绿地对空气中POPs浓度水平的影响展开讨论,由于该过程受多种因素共同影响,植被清除的POPs是否足以改善空气质量仍有争议,其中影响机制有待深入研究.此外,本文总结了植物中POPs的检测技术,传统检测技术灵敏性和准确性高,而原位检测技术可以直接观察活体植物中POPs的吸收、迁移、存储等环境行为.最后,本文探讨了现有研究的不足和未来发展的方向,以期为今后研究植物-空气界面过程以及POPs多介质环境行为提供理论和技术参考.     

电气线路贯穿孔口防火封堵应用现状研究

电气火灾是目前国内发生频次最高、危害最大的火灾类型。为了防止电气线路火灾导致的火势蔓延和发展,需做好电气线路贯穿孔口的防火封堵。本文通过分析电气线路的火灾原因和火灾危害性,提出开展电气线路防火封堵的必要性。并结合电气线路贯穿孔口防火封堵的应用现状、相关规范要求及国内外研究现状,指出电气防火封堵目前存在的问题。     

Effects of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate on the microbes in brown soil

The toxicity of ionic liquids(ILs) on soil organisms has aroused wide attention due to their high-solubility. The present investigation focused on the toxicity of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate([C_8mim]NO_3) on the microbial populations(bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes), soil enzyme(urease, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and β-glucosidase)activities, microbial community diversity using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism(T-RFLP), and abundance of the ammonia monooxygenase(amoA) genes of ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR) in brown soil at each trial with doses of 0, 1.0, 5.0,and 10.0 mg/kg on days 10, 20, 30, and 40. The contents of [C_8mim]NO_3 in soil were measured using high performance liquid chromatography with recoveries of 84.3% to 85.2%, and changed less than 10% during the experimental period. A significant decrease was observed from the bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes populations at 10.0 mg/kg, at which the urease activity was inhibited and the β-glucosidase activity was stimulated on days 20, 30, and 40. In addition, [C_8mim]NO_3 inhibited the dehydrogenase activity at 10 mg/kg on days 30 and 40 and the acid phosphatase activity on day 20. The diversity of the soil microbial community and the gene abundance of AOA-and AOB-amo A were also inhibited. Furthermore, the present investigation provided more scientific information for the toxicity evaluation of ILs in soil.     

北京市垃圾分类回收现状调研及解决方案探讨

本文主要分析了北京市当前垃圾分类回收存在的问题,并通过借鉴国外的成功经验,提出合适的解决方案。     

Meta-analysis and experimental validation identified atrazine as a toxicant in the male reproductive system

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Atrazine (ATZ), as a widely used triazine herbicide, is an environmental endocrine disruptor (EDC) that can cause many health problems. Therefore, we...     

嘉兴市人为源大气污染物排放清单研究

建立了2017年嘉兴市人为源大气污染物排放清单。结果发现,SO_2、NO_x、CO、挥发性有机物(VOCs)、NH_3、总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、黑碳(BC)和有机碳(OC)排放总量分别为15 224、60 663、102 600、93 256、26 266、118 923、70 367、19 024、941、1 622t。SO_2的最大排放源是化石燃料固定燃烧源中的电力供热;NO_x的最大排放源是移动源中的柴油车;CO的最大排放源是移动源中的汽油车;VOCs的最大排放源是工艺过程源中的石油化工;NH_3的最大排放源是农业源中的氮肥施用;TSP的最大排放源是扬尘源中的道路扬尘;PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)的最大排放源是工艺过程源中的水泥生产;BC的最大排放源是移动源中的柴油车;OC的最大排放源是餐饮油烟源中的餐饮油烟。对于大气污染中普遍关注的6种污染物,SO_2、NO_x、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)和VOCs排放的重点源主要集中在各县(市、区)的工业园区或工业集聚区,而NH_3的排放空间分布相对比较分散。