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排序方式: 共有130条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Mendel Z Dunkelblum E Branco M Franco JC Kurosawa S Mori K 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2003,90(7):313-317
The biological activity of the Matsucoccus spp. sex pheromones and diene modified analogs has been tested in forests of Israel and Portugal in order to explore the structure-activity relationship of the pine bast scale pheromone/kairomone system. The response of the adult predatory bugs, Elatophilus hebraicus and E. crassicornis and of the brown lacewing, Hemerobius stigma is more selective than that of the conspecific Matsucoccus males. The removal of the terminal methyl group from the diene terminus of both pheromones 1 and 2 eliminates all kairomonal activity but retains moderate pheromonal activity. Addition of a methyl group to the diene terminus of pheromones 1 and 2 sustains full pheromonal and kairomonal activities of the Elatophilus spp. but eliminates entirely the kairomonal activity of H. stigma. Subtle designed alterations in the structure of the diene group, typical of all Matsucoccus pheromones, change the mode of the kairomonal activity markedly. 相似文献
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Lu Y Beeman RW Campbell JF Park Y Aikins MJ Mori K Akasaka K Tamogami S Phillips TW 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2011,98(9):755-761
We report that the abdominal epidermis and associated tissues are the predominant sources of male-produced pheromones in the
red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum and, for the first time, describe the stereoisomeric composition of the natural blend of isomers of the aggregation pheromone
4,8-dimethyldecanal (DMD) in this important pest species. Quantitative analyses via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed
that the average amount of DMD released daily by single feeding males of T. castaneum was 878 ± 72 ng (SE). Analysis of different body parts identified the abdominal epidermis as the major source of aggregation
pheromone; the thorax was a minor source, while no DMD was detectable in the head. No internal organs or obvious male-specific
glands were associated with pheromone deposition. Complete separation of all four stereoisomers of DMD was achieved following
oxidation to the corresponding acid, derivatization with (1R, 2R)- and (1S, 2S)-2-(anthracene-2,3-dicarboximido)cyclohexanol to diastereomeric esters, and their separation on reversed-phase high-performance
liquid chromatography at −54°C. Analysis of the hexane eluate from Porapak-Q-collected volatiles from feeding males revealed
the presence of all four isomers (4R,8R)/(4R,8S)/(4S,8R)/(4S,8S) at a ratio of approximately 4:4:1:1. A walking orientation bioassay in a wind tunnel with various blends of the four synthetic
isomers further indicated that the attractive potency of the reconstituted natural blend of 4:4:1:1 was equivalent to that
of the natural pheromone and greater than that of the 1:1 blend of (4R,8R)/(4R,8S) used in commercial lures. 相似文献
8.
Noya Y Mikami Y Taneda S Mori Y Suzuki AK Ohkura K Yamaki K Yoshino S Seki K 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2008,15(4):318-321
GOAL, SCOPE, AND BACKGROUND: Diesel exhaust is believed to consist of thousands of organic constituents and is a major cause of urban pollution. We recently reported that a systematic separation procedure involving successive solvent extractions, followed by repeated column chromatography, resulted in the isolation of vasodilatory active nitrophenols. These findings indicated that the estimation of the amount of nitrophenols in the environment is important to evaluate their effect on human health. The isolation procedure, however, involved successive solvent extractions followed by tedious, repeated chromatography, resulting in poor fractionation and in a significant loss of accuracy and reliability. Therefore, it was crucial to develop an alternative, efficient, and reliable analytical method. Here, we describe a facile and efficient acid-base extraction procedure for the analysis of nitrophenols. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) were collected from the exhaust of a 4JB1-type engine (ISUZU Automobile Co., Tokyo, Japan). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed with a GCMS-QP2010 instrument (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). RESULTS: A solution of DEP in 1-butanol was extracted with aqueous NaOH to afford a nitrophenol-rich oily extract. The resulting oil was methylated with trimethylsilyldiazomethane and subsequently subjected to GC-MS analysis, revealing that 4-nitrophenol, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol, 2-methyl-4-nitrophenol, and 4-nitro-3-phenylphenol were present in significantly higher concentrations than those reported previously. DISCUSSION: Simple acid-base extraction followed by the direct analysis of the resulting extract by GC-MS gave only broad peaks of nitrophenols with a poor detection limit, while the GC-MS analysis of the sample pretreated with (trimethylsilyl)diazomethane gave satisfactorily clear chromatograms with sharp peaks and with a significantly lowered detection limit (0.5 ng/ml, approximately 100 times). CONCLUSION: The present method involving an acid-base extraction, in situ derivatization, and GC-MS analysis has shown to be a simple, efficient, and reliable method for the isolation and identification of the chemical substances in DEP. 相似文献
9.
The present study determined the accumulation features of persistent organochlorines (OCs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and chlordane compounds (CHLs) in wild raccoon dogs (RDs; Nyctereutes procyonoides) collected from Kanagawa prefecture in Japan during 2001. In livers of RDs, CHLs were remarkably dominant (20 times higher than PCBs) followed by PCBs>DDTs>HCHs>HCB, whereas the chemicals in muscles were in the order of CHLs>PCBs>HCHs>DDTs>HCB. The accumulation pattern of OCs in RDs was different from those in Japanese humans and avian species reported previously, which generally accumulate higher levels of DDTs and PCBs than CHLs. This result indicates that RDs have been exposed to relatively high levels of CHLs and have high metabolic and elimination capacity for DDTs. In fact, CHL levels in RDs were higher than those in humans and some avian species, while DDT levels in RDs were much lower than other animals. In particular, extremely high accumulation levels of oxychlordane, which is a metabolite from chlordanes and nonachlors, were observed in RD livers. The higher toxic potency of oxychlordane than parent compounds may suggest that RDs are at high risk by this metabolite. On lipid weight basis, PCBs, HCHs and HCB levels were almost similar in livers and muscles, suggesting that the tissue distribution of these compounds principally followed the lipid-dependent accumulation. However, accumulation levels of oxychlordane and p,p'-DDD in livers were significantly higher than those in muscles, and concentration ratios of liver to muscle (L/M ratios) of these compounds were greater than 1.0 in all the specimens. This phenomenon was similar to PCDD/DF congener accumulation patterns observed previously in RDs. When relationships between hepatic TEQs and L/M ratios were examined for oxychlordane and p,p'-DDD, L/M ratios for these compounds significantly increased with hepatic TEQ levels, suggesting their hepatic sequestration in TEQs-dependent manner. 相似文献
10.
Kawanishi Masanobu Mori Kentaro Yamada Rina Ito-Harashima Sayoko Yagi Takashi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(9):9227-9235
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A yeast reporter gene assay system with improved performance for dioxin detection was established. Since yeast reporter gene assays are relatively... 相似文献