上海市南汇区水环境污染成因及防治对策

根据南汇区环境监测站对区域内8条主要河流中24个监测断面的水质监测资料（2001-2005年），分析了南汇区水环境污染现状，并利用水质综合指数法对水质年际变化进行了评价。从主要污染源，环境保护基础设施和工业结构等方面，分析了南汇区域内水环境污染的成因，结合第3轮“环保三年行动计划”提出了水环境污染防治对策。     

条码技术发展现状及其在环保领域的应用探索

条码技术凭借其便捷、成本低、信息可随载体移动、储存信息量大等优势,已在国内外物流、身份识别、文件表格传输等诸多领域中得到了不同程度的应用推广。本文以国内外条码技术的应用为例,介绍条码技术当下的发展状况,并对该技术在我国环境保护领域的应用进行了探索研究。     

钢结构梁柱节点抗火性能研究进展与展望∗

钢结构不耐火,在一定程度上制约了钢结构的应用和发展。为了探明钢结构在火灾下的工作性能,对钢结构基本构件的抗火性能进行了大量研究,提出了相应的设计理论与方法。梁柱节点是钢结构中十分关键的部位,在火灾下的可靠连接是保证钢结构火灾安全的重要前提。为了全面了解钢结构梁柱节点在火灾下的受力性能和破坏机理,从试验研究、有限元模拟和组件分析法三个方面系统地梳理了国内外关于节点抗火性能的研究进展。比较了高温下不同类型节点的力学性能,探讨了多种关键参数对节点在火灾下工作性能的影响规律,介绍了不同类型节点的高温组件分析模型以及弯矩―转角曲线数学模型。分析表明:节点构造形式对钢框架火灾安全有较大影响;通过设置柱腹板加劲肋、提高螺栓强度等级以及增加连接件的厚度等可以有效地提高节点的抗火性能。最后剖析了钢结构梁柱节点抗火研究中存在的不足,对未来值得关注和重视的关键问题提出展望。     

Migration and transformation of Sb are affected by Mn(III/IV) associated with lepidocrocite originating from Fe(II) oxidation

Antimony (Sb) is a recognized priority pollutant with toxicity that is influenced by its migration and transformation processes. Oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) oxides, which is a common phenomenon in the environment, is often accompanied by the formation of Mn(III/IV) and might affect the fate of Sb. In this study, incorporated Mn(III) and sorbed/precipitated Mn(III/IV) associated with lepidocrocite were prepared by adding Mn(II) during and after Fe(II) oxidation, respectively, and the effects of these Mn species on Sb fate were investigated. Our results indicated that the association of these Mn species with lepidocrocite obviously enhanced Sb(III) oxidation to Sb(V), while concomitantly inhibiting Sb sorption due to the lower sorption capacity of lepidocrocite for Sb(V) than Sb(III). Additionally, Mn oxide equivalents increased in the presence of Sb, indicating that Sb oxidation by Mn(III/IV) associated with lepidocrocite was a continuous recycling process in which Mn(II) released from Mn(III/IV) reduction by Sb(III) could be oxidized to Mn(III/IV) again. This recycling process was favorable for effective Sb(III) oxidation. Moreover, Sb(V) generated from Sb(III) oxidation by Mn(III/IV) enhanced Mn(II) sorption at the beginning of the process, and thus favored Mn(III/IV) formation, which could further promote Sb(III) oxidation to Sb(V). Overall, this study elucidated the effects of Mn(III/IV) associated with lepidocrocite arisen from Fe(II) oxidation on Sb migration and transformation and revealed the underlying reaction mechanisms, contributing to a better understanding of the geochemical dynamics of Sb.     

高压电晕与臭氧联用对不同结构染料脱色效果的比较研究

比较研究了高压电晕与臭氧联用对活性艳红X-3B(单偶氮)、活性艳蓝X-BR(蒽醌)、活性黑KN-GRRC(双偶氮)、酸性红ARL(单偶氮)、酸性蓝BRL(蒽醌)、酸性橙AGT(双偶氮)和分散蓝2BLN(蒽醌)7种染料模拟废水的脱色效果.结果显示,酸性橙AGT模拟废水的脱色速度较慢,而其他6种染料在15 min内都能完全脱色,这表明染料结构本身的差异决定了脱色效果;活性染料模拟废水的脱色效果优于酸性染料;蒽醌染料和单偶氮染料模拟废水的脱色效果明显好于双偶氮染料.     

国家环境监理信息系统的研制

分析了建立国家环境监理信息系统的迫切性和可行性。概述了使“国家环境监理信息系统”的结构、工作原理、实现的功能和技术创新之处，并提出了运行国家环境监理信息系统亟待解决的问题。     

消防联动控制系统在燕山石化的应用

针对现有消防系统存在的问题,利用开放式的消防远程联网软件平台及协议传输设备将不同厂家、不同类型、相对分散的火灾自动报警系统整合为一体。利用现有资源完成了机关办公区域的消防"一体化"管理,实现了消防报警系统信息的互联互通,提高了消防快速反应能力,有效保证了消防报警系统信息传递的及时性、准确性,达到了"一键式消防监控"管理的目的。     

提高消防设施维护管理水平的措施及方法

针对如何进一步提高及完善消防设施或系统的维护管理水平,结合燕化公司机关区域内已着手开展的工作模式,从优化配置资源、规划日常工作、明确各项职责及开展相应活动等几方面展开论述,提供了一套总体性的经验与方法。收稿日期:2012-02-08     

Does the construction of network infrastructure reduce environmental pollution?—evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in “Broadband China”

This paper discusses the effect of network infrastructure on environmental pollution reduction and the realization mechanism behind it. Based on the panel data of 285 cities in China from 2005 to 2019, this study regards the “Broadband China” pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment to clarify the pollution emission reduction effect of network infrastructure construction through differences-in-differences method and other methods. The research results show the following: (1) The Broadband China pilot policy has reduced environmental pollution, that is, the construction of network infrastructure has the effect of environmental pollution reduction. The conclusion is still established after a series of robustness tests such as parallel trend test, placebo test, and instrumental variable method. Through the heterogeneity test, it is found that the pollution reduction effect of network infrastructure construction is more obvious in non-resource-based cities, first and second tier cities, and cities in the eastern region (2). The construction of network infrastructure plays a restraining role on local environmental pollution. Due to the insufficient level of regional linkage and the siphon effect of pilot cities, the spatial spillover characteristics of the pollution reduction effect are not obvious (3). The mechanism of action shows that green innovation is an important mediating effect mechanism for network infrastructure construction to reduce environmental pollution. Cities in regions with high degree of marketization and environmental regulation can strengthen the effect of network infrastructure construction on environmental pollution reduction. The research conclusions are conducive to accelerating the development of the digital economy represented by the construction of network infrastructure and provide a useful reference for promoting the level of environmental pollution reduction and achieving high-quality development.

     

Response surface analysis of the water: feed ratio influences on hydrothermal recovery from biomass

Response surface methodology was employed to analyze the interaction between the water:feed ratio (2.0-9.0), reaction temperature (180-280 °C) and retention time (0-60 min) on hydrothermal conversion of lawn grass clippings as a model biomass. Solid residues and the liquid pH decreased, while the water-soluble organic fraction increased with greater water:feed ratios. Greater water content resulted in a higher yield of reducing sugars, proteins, and amino acids. This was attributed to improved mass transport properties in the subcritically-heated water. Response surface analysis was used to describe the interaction of the water:feed ratio, temperature and retention time with regards to the yields of reducing sugars, proteins, and amino acids. The highest yields of both reducing sugars and amino acids were obtained with a water:feed ratio of 5.5 at 230 °C reaction temperature and 30 min retention time; highest yield of protein was obtained with a water:feed ratio of 9.0 at 230 °C and 0 min retention time. Moreover, fitted quadratic polynomial, fitted 2FI polynomial and quadratic polynomial were established via ANOVA to describe the effects of temperature, retention time and water:feed ratio on the yield of reducing sugars, proteins, and amino acids.