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排序方式: 共有80条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Da Zhang Jingfeng Gao Lifang Zhang Wenzhi Zhang Jingxin Ji Huihui Dai Zhiqi Wang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(6):211-223
Triclosan(TCS) is commonly found in wastewater treatment plants,which often affects biological treatment processes.The responses of nitrification,antibiotic resistome and microbial community under different TCS concentrations in activated sludge system were evaluated in this study.The experiment was conducted in a sequencing batch reactor(SBR)for 240 days.Quantitative PCR results demonstrated that the abundance of ammonium oxidizing bacteria could be temporarily inhibited by 1 mg/L TCS and then gradually recovered.And the abundances of nitrite oxidizing bacteria(NOB) under 2.5 and 4 mg/L TCS were three orders of magnitude lower than that of seed sludge,which accounted for partial nitrification.When the addition of TCS was stopped,the abundance of NOB increased.The mass balance experiments of TCS demonstrated that the primary removal pathway of TCS changed from adsorption to biodegradation as TCS was continuously added into the SBR system.Moreover,TCS increased the abundance of mexB,indicating the efflux pump might be the main TCS-resistance mechanism.As a response to TCS,bacteria could secrete more protein(PN) than polysaccharide.Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix revealed that tryptophan PN-like substances might be the main component in PN to resist TCS.High-throughput sequencing found that the relative abundances of Paracoccus,Pseudoxanthomonas and Thauera increased,which could secrete extracellular polymeric substances(EPS).And Sphingopyxis might be the main TCS-degrading bacteria.Overall,TCS could cause partial nitrification and increase the relative abundances of EPS-secreting bacteria and TCS-degrading bacteria. 相似文献
2.
天津地区大气污染状况和气溶胶硫酸盐的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
我们于1980—1981年对天津市大气污染物浓度做了同步监测,对天津市大气污染状况,二氧化硫转化为硫酸盐的过程及其对大气能见度的影响做了研究。以超C_i几率和的方法处理数据,研究结果表明,大气污染以早晨最严重,傍晚次之,中午较轻:冬季比夏季污染严重。各种污染物中以硫酸盐对大气能见度的影响最大,总颗粒物次之。当大气相对湿度大于70%时,对大气能见度的影响比较突出。颗粒物中的苯溶物对大气能见度有一定的影响。城市中相对湿度高时硫酸盐浓度大,可能是产生冬季烟雾事件的原因。下风方向的硫酸根浓度与二氧化硫浓度的比值和硫酸根含硫浓度与大气总硫浓度的比值均比上风方向相应的数值高,说明城市燃煤烟气是硫酸盐的来源。城市中硫酸根浓度与二氧化硫浓度的相关系数为0.77,硫酸根与颗粒物浓度的相关系数为0.95。在形成硫酸根的过程中二氧化硫浓度和颗粒物可能有贡献。以一维有源简化模式估算二氧化硫转化为硫酸根的速率常数,约为2.3±1.1%/hr,冬季约1.5%/hr。二氧化硫的迁移距离约为17—340km。 相似文献
3.
相对速率法测氯原子与一系列低碳醇的反应速率常数 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
在 2 92± 1K温度和 1 0 1× 10 5Pa压力下 ,以丙烷为参照物 ,采用相对速率方法测定了一系列醇与氯原子在气相中的反应速率常数 ,这些醇与氯的反应速率常数分别为 (单位 :10 7m3·mol-1·s-1) :甲醇k1=3 2 9,乙醇k2 =6 14,正丙醇k3=8 97,异丙醇k4 =4 0 0 ,正丁醇k5=11 7,异丁醇k6=12 5 ,叔丁醇k7=2 0 5 ,正戊醇k8=15 8,异戊醇k9=12 3 相似文献
4.
Preliminary report on methane emissions from the Three Gorges Reservoir in the summer drainage period 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Fei Lu Le Yang Xiaoke Wang Xiaonan Duan Yujing Mu Wenzhi Song Feixiang Zheng Junfeng Niu Lei Tong Hua Zheng Yongjuan Zhou Jiangxiao Qiu Zhiyun Ouyang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(12):2029-2033
Considerable variations may exist in CH4 emissions from the Three Gorges Reservoir. 相似文献
5.
为了改善选择性催化还原法(SCR)催化剂上游烟气的流场、温度场和浓度场分布,基于CFD仿真分析技术,建立了整个脱硝系统三维模型,并通过优化导流板及整流格栅,使得速度标准偏差、浓度标准偏差、温度偏差、速度偏转角以及压降等性能指标都满足设计要求,在满足脱硝效率和氨逃逸率前提下,大大降低了烟气对催化剂层的冲刷,保证催化剂的使用寿命。最后,为了合理布置吹灰器,对优化结构下粉尘颗粒在烟道内的运动情况进行了仿真分析研究,为设计提供了依据。 相似文献
6.
7.
LCD面板主要由附着偏光片及液晶等有机材料的玻璃面板构成。有机材料的去除及资源化利用是废LCD面板处理的第一步。在水热条件下对废LCD面板进行了降解产酸研究。研究考察了反应温度、反应时间、氧化剂用量、水用量及pH值等对水热产乙酸产率及选择性的影响。通过正交实验确定了水热产乙酸的最佳操作条件:反应温度325℃,反应时间5min,氧化剂(30%H2O2)0.6mL,用水量2mL,近中性环境(pH6-6.5去离子水)。此条件下,乙酸产率及选择性分别为68.83%及70.56%。结果表明,以废LCD面板有机材料为原料,采用水热技术进行产乙酸反应,可实现其资源化再利用。 相似文献
8.
1900个乡镇工业的工伤职业病医疗保障现状分析 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
在调查的1900个乡镇工业企业中,有9.3% 的企业对职工工伤职业病没有任何保障,其中尤其是个体联户所办企业则高达15% 。按行业进行分析,最易发生工伤职业病的各种矿山采选业、建材生产业,能给予报销医疗费的企业占78.5% ,部分给予报销的企业占10.2% ,不予报销企业占11.3% 。从保障程度看,能给予全部报销医疗费的企业仍以乡办企业为最高(93.2% ),其次为村办企业(90.2% )和个体联户所办企业(88.5% ) 相似文献
9.
Xiaoping Zhou Xiaoke Wang Lei Tong Hongxing Zhang Fei Lu Feixiang Zheng Peiqiang Hou Wenzhi Song Zhiyun Ouyang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(12):2104-2112
The significant warming in urban environment caused by the combined effects of global warming and heat island has stimulated widely development of urban vegetations. However, it is less known of the climate feedback of urban lawn in warmed environment. Soil warming effect on net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide during the transition period from winter to spring was investigated in a temperate urban lawn in Beijing, China. The NEE (negative for uptake) under soil warming treatment (temperature was about 5℃ higher than the ambient treatment as a control) was -0.71 μmol/(m2.sec), the ecosytem was a CO2 sink under soil warming treatment, the lawn ecosystem under the control was a CO2 source (0.13 μmol/(m2.sec)), indicating that the lawn ecosystem would provide a negative feedback to global warming. There was no significant effect of soil warming on nocturnal NEE (i.e., ecosystem respiration), although the soil temperature sensitivity (Q10) of ecosystem respiration under soil warming treatment was 3.86, much lower than that in the control (7.03). The CO2 uptake was significantly increased by soil warming treatment that was attributed to about 100% increase of α (apparent quantum yield) and Amax (maximum rate of photosynthesis). Our results indicated that the response of photosynthesis in urban lawn is much more sensitive to global warming than respiration in the transition period. 相似文献
10.
Anthropogenic nitrogen sources and exports in a village-scale catchment
in Southeast China 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
An experimental village-scale catchment was selected for investigation of nitrogen (N) sources and exports. The mean N application rate over the catchment was 350.2 kg N ha−1, but this rate varied spatially and temporally. The N leaching loss rate varied from 8.1 to 52.7 kg N ha−1 under different land use regimes. The average N leaching loss rate was 13.4 kg N ha−1 over the whole catchment, representing about 3.8% of the total N inputs. The N export rate through stormflows was 28.8 kg N ha−1, about 8.2% of the total N inputs. Seasonal patterns showed that 95% of N exports through stormflows occurred during July to September in 2002. Overall, the maximum riverine N exports were 12.1% of total N inputs and 15.5% of the inorganic fertilizer N applied. Understanding N sources and exports in a village-scale catchment can provide a knowledge base for amelioration of diffuse agricultural pollution. 相似文献