沉水植物黑藻腐解过程中营养盐释放过程

为探究沉水植物衰亡过程中营养盐的释放规律,采用黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata Royle)作为研究用沉水植物,在实验室内模拟了黑藻在初春温度下腐解过程中的主要营养盐碳、氮、磷的释放过程.结果表明:黑藻在试验初期迅速腐解,该过程中向水体释放大量碳(81.31%)、氮(81.62%)、磷(85.94%).但随着时间的推移,黑藻向水体释放的磷大部分沉积进入底泥,而氮有部分沉积进入底泥,同时有部分以气体形式移出水体.黑藻腐烂分解产生的厌氧条件以及高TOC供给促进水体反硝化作用加快氮素移出水体.但是较大生物残留量会引起水体缺氧,植物残体分解加剧,导致水质严重恶化,因此需要适时收割水生植物来控制水体残留生物量.     

Evaluation of a cost e ective technique for treating aquaculture water discharge using Lolium perenne Lam as a biofilter

Wastewater stabilization ponds generate low cost by-products that are useful for agriculture. The utilization of these by-products for soil amendment and as a source of nutrients for plants requires a high level of sanitation and stabilization of the organic matter, to maintain acceptable levels of soil, water and air quality. In this study, two aquaculture wastewater treatment systems; recirculating system and a floating plant bed system were designed to improve the quality of irrigation water in local communities with low income. In both systems the grass species Lolium perenne Lam was used as a plant biofilter while vegetable specie Amaranthus viridis was used to evaluate the performance of the system and the suitability of the phyto-treated water for irrigation. It was found that the harmful material removal rate for recirculating system was 88.9% for TAN （total ammonia nitrogen）, 90% for NO2--N, 64.8% for NO3--N while for floating plant bed system 82.7% for TAN, 82% for NO2--N and 60.5% for NO3--N. Comparative analysis of the efficiency of waste element removal between the two systems revealed that both systems performed well, however, plant growth was not robust for floating plant bed system while recirculating system is energy consuming. Although both systems did not attain sufficient levels of TN （total nitrogen） and TP （total phosphorus） load reduction, the treatment with L. perenne remarkably improved the irrigation water quality. A. viridis plants irrigated with the phyto-treated discharge water had lesser concentrations of heavy metals in their tissues compared to those irrigated with untreated discharge. The control plants irrigated with untreated discharge were also found to be highly lignified with few stems and small leaves.     

不同生物量苦草在生命周期的不同阶段对水体水质的影响

在玻璃温室大棚内,模拟太湖的水、土、植物情况,研究了不同生物量苦草在1年内生命周期中不同阶段对水体水质的影响.研究结果表明,不同生物量的苦草在对水体水质的影响有较大的差异,此差异受苦草生长状况的影响显著.通过单因素方差分析得出从整个生命周期看,苦草生物量为992.00g时,对水体pH值影响最大,不利于苦草吸收NH4+-N和ρ(TOC)的降低;为496.00g时,水体ρ(DO)的周年平均值处于较高水平,约8.65mg/L;为228.00g时,有利于ρ(TP)的降低,不利于其吸收NO3--N和ρ(TN)的降低.其中,生长期,苦草对水体营养盐的去除率随生物量的增加不断增大,当生物量达到2380.00g时,去除率放缓;衰亡期,苦草生物量为168.00g时,水体TN去除率取得极大值,为784.00g时,水体TP去除率取得极小值.最终确定214.00g的苦草残余生物量为最佳滞留量,此时苦草密度为118.00g/m2.     

Coexistence of antibiotic resistance genes,fecal bacteria,and potential pathogens in anthropogenically impacted water

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microbial indicators are often used to monitor microbial safety of aquatic environments. However, information regarding the correlation between...