城市表层土壤重金属污染分析研究

根据某城市土壤表层中的8种重金属Cu、Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cr、Ni、Zn的浓度数据,利用地统计学原理方法,研究了不同功能区土壤重金属的污染特征。结果表明Cd、Cu、Hg、Pb和Zn在工业区和主干道路区浓度超标,并且这几种元素的富集系数偏高,说明污染来源主要是工业生产、汽车尾气排放及汽车轮胎磨损等。此研究对城市土壤重金属污染治理及修复、重金属污染重点行业污染控制等提供参考。     

改性粉煤灰合成沸石对甲基橙的吸附动力学

以粉煤灰(FA)为原料,采用水热晶化一步法制备了Na P1型沸石(ZFA),对合成产物的结构进行了表征,并采用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)对其进行改性。通过静态吸附实验,研究了改性后Na P1型沸石(MZFA)对水溶液中甲基橙的吸附特性,从动力学角度探讨了吸附机理。结果表明,在所研究的浓度条件下,改性Na P1型沸石对甲基橙的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,在25℃时,静态饱和吸附量(Qm)为64.76 mg/g。动力学分析表明,改性Na P1型沸石对溶液中甲基橙的吸附符合准二级动力学模型。     

基于高维Gumbel Copula参数拟合估计的大型相依失效生命线网络地震动力可靠度计算

城市生命线网络的地震动力可靠度是生命线工程地震风险和抗震韧性评估的重要指标。城市生命线网络地震动力可靠度的计算方法包括以蒙特卡洛方法为代表的模拟方法和以推广的递推分解算法为代表的非模拟方法,因为后者能够给出生命线网络的主要失效模式,因而它比模拟方法更为先进。但是,由于存在高维Gumbel Copula参数无法估计的问题,目前推广的递推分解算法还不能计算大型生命线网络（组成生命线网络系统的结构或设备数目大于60）的地震动力可靠度。为解决这个问题,提出了高维Gumbel Copula参数的拟合估计公式,将其嵌入推广的递推分解算法,形成了大型生命线网络地震动力可靠度的计算方法。某实际220 kV变电站设备网络地震动力可靠度的计算和分析,说明了此方法的使用过程、适用范围和有效性。     

环境微塑料与有机污染物的相互作用及联合毒性效应研究进展

环境微塑料可吸附有机污染物,并与有机污染物进行相互作用从而改变其毒性效应,增加微塑料的治理难度.本文就全球范围内微塑料与有机污染物的相互作用及毒性效应的研究进展进行综述,分析不同介质中微塑料与有机污染物的共存水平、吸附机理、影响因素以及联合毒性效应等.研究表明,微塑料可作为多环芳烃(PAHs)、多氯联苯(PCBs)、六...     

Cultivation modes and deficit irrigation strategies to improve 13C carbon isotope,photosynthesis, and winter wheat productivity in semi-arid regions

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Determining the effect of ridge-furrow cultivation mode on 13C carbon isotope discrimination, photosynthetic capacity, and leaf gas exchange...     

Different hydrodynamic processes regulated on water quality (nutrients,dissolved oxygen,and phytoplankton biomass) in three contrasting waters of Hong Kong

The subtropical Hong Kong (HK) waters are located at the eastern side of the Pearl River Estuary. Monthly changes of water quality, including nutrients, dissolved oxygen (DO), and phytoplankton biomass (Chl-a) were routinely investigated in 2003 by the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department in three contrasting waters of HK with different prevailing hydrodynamic processes. The western, eastern, and southern waters were mainly dominated by nutrient-replete Pearl River discharge, the nutrient-poor coastal/shelf oceanic waters, and mixtures of estuarine and coastal seawater and sewage effluent of Hong Kong, respectively. Acting in response, the water quality in these three contrasting areas showed apparently spatial–temporal variation pattern. Nutrients usually decreased along western waters to eastern waters. In the dry season, the water column was strongly mixed by monsoon winds and tidal currents, which resulted in relatively low Chl-a (<5 μg l^?1) and high bottom DO (>4 mg l^?1), suggesting that mixing enhanced the buffering capacity of eutrophication in HK waters. However, in the wet season, surface Chl-a was generally >10 μg l^?1 in southern waters in summer due to halocline and thermohaline stratification, adequate nutrients, and light availability. Although summer hypoxia (DO <2 mg l^?1) was episodically observed near sewage effluent site and in southern waters induced by vertical stratification, the eutrophication impacts in HK waters were not as severe as expected owing to P limitation and short water residence time in the wet season.     

UASB处理离子交换树脂生产废水的试验研究

本研究主要介绍，尝试采用UASB（Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed）反应器厌氧工艺处理某离子交换树脂生产废水试验。研究表明，在中温（37℃±1）环境下，容积负荷在6．0-7．0kgCODcr·m^-3·d^-1时，CODcr去除率维持在80％左右，运行稳定。本试验取得的试验效果，为以后的利用厌氧技术处理离子交换树脂生产废水提供了重要依据。     

Farming practices and deficit irrigation management improve winter wheat crop water productivity and biomass through mitigated greenhouse gas intensity under semi-arid regions

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Understanding the greenhouse gas emissions mechanism from the agricultural soils is essential to reach an agricultural system with a lower impact on...