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In this study, a lab-scale biological anaerobic/anaerobic/anoxic/membrane bioreactor(A_-~3MBR) was designed to treat wastewater from the ethanol fermentation of food waste,a promising way for the disposal of food waste and reclamation of resources. The 454 pyrosequencing technique was used to investigate the composition of the microbial community in the treatment system. The system yielded a stable effluent concentration of chemical oxygen demand(202 ± 23 mg/L), total nitrogen(62.1 ± 7.1 mg/L), ammonia(0.3 ±0.13 mg/L) and total phosphorus(8.3 ± 0.9 mg/L), and the reactors played different roles in specific pollutant removal. The exploration of the microbial community in the system revealed that:(1) the microbial diversity of anaerobic reactors A_1 and A_2, in which organic pollutants were massively degraded, was much higher than that in anoxic A_3 and aerobic MBR;(2) although the community composition in each reactor was quite different, bacteria assigned to the classes Clostridia, Bacteroidia, and Synergistia were important and common microorganisms for organic pollutant degradation in the anaerobic units, and bacteria from Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria were the dominant microbial population in A_3 and MBR;(3) the taxon identification indicated that Arcobacter in the anaerobic reactors and Thauera in the anoxic reactor were two representative genera in the biological process. Our results proved that the biological A_-~3MBR process is an alternative technique for treating wastewater from food waste. 相似文献
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Dehua Ma Cong Liu Xiaobiao Zhu Rui Liu Lujun Chen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(18):18343-18352
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study investigated the changes of toxic compounds in coking wastewater with biological treatment (anaerobic reactor, anoxic reactor and... 相似文献
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The dynamic change of microbial community during sludge acclimation from aerobic to anaerobic in a MBR for coking wastewater treatment was revealed by Illumina Miseq sequencing in this study. The diversity of both Bacteria and Archaea showed an increase–decrease trajectory during acclimation, and exhibited the highest at the domestication interim. Ignavibacteria changed from a tiny minority(less than 1%) to the dominant bacterial group(54.0%) along with acclimation. The relative abundance of Betaproteobacteria kept relatively steady, as in this class some species increased coupled with some other species decreased during acclimation. The dominant Archaea shifted from Halobacteria in initial aerobic sludge to Methanobacteria in the acclimated anaerobic sludge. The dominant bacterial and archaeal groups in different acclimation stages were indigenous microorganisms in the initial sludge, though some of them were very rare. This study supported that the species in"rare biosphere" might eventually become dominant in response to environmental change. 相似文献
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Dehua Ma Lujun Chen Xiaobiao Zhu Feifei Li Cong Liu Rui Liu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(10):6482-6494
To date, toxicological studies of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have typically focused on single chemical exposures and associated effects. However, exposure to EDCs mixtures in the environment is common. Antiandrogens represent a group of EDCs, which draw increasing attention due to their resultant demasculinization and sexual disruption of aquatic organisms. Although there are a number of in vivo and in vitro studies investigating the combined effects of antiandrogen mixtures, these studies are mainly on selected model compounds such as flutamide, procymidone, and vinclozolin. The aim of the present study is to investigate the combined antiandrogenic effects of parabens, which are widely used antiandrogens in industrial and domestic commodities. A yeast-based human androgen receptor (hAR) assay (YAS) was applied to assess the antiandrogenic activities of n-propylparaben (nPrP), iso-propylparaben (iPrP), methylparaben (MeP), and 4-n-pentylphenol (PeP), as well as the binary mixtures of nPrP with each of the other three antiandrogens. All of the four compounds could exhibit antiandrogenic activity via the hAR. A linear interaction model was applied to quantitatively analyze the interaction between nPrP and each of the other three antiandrogens. The isoboles method was modified to show the variation of combined effects as the concentrations of mixed antiandrogens were changed. Graphs were constructed to show isoeffective curves of three binary mixtures based on the fitted linear interaction model and to evaluate the interaction of the mixed antiandrogens (synergism or antagonism). The combined effect of equimolar combinations of the three mixtures was also considered with the nonlinear isoboles method. The main effect parameters and interaction effect parameters in the linear interaction models of the three mixtures were different from zero. The results showed that any two antiandrogens in their binary mixtures tended to exert equal antiandrogenic activity in the linear concentration ranges. The antiandrogenicity of the binary mixture and the concentration of nPrP were fitted to a sigmoidal model if the concentrations of the other antiandrogens (iPrP, MeP, and PeP) in the mixture were lower than the AR saturation concentrations. Some concave isoboles above the additivity line appeared in all the three mixtures. There were some synergistic effects of the binary mixture of nPrP and MeP at low concentrations in the linear concentration ranges. Interesting, when the antiandrogens concentrations approached the saturation, the interaction between chemicals were antagonistic for all the three mixtures tested. When the toxicity of the three mixtures was assessed using nonlinear isoboles, only antagonism was observed for equimolar combinations of nPrP and iPrP as the concentrations were increased from the no-observed-effect-concentration (NOEC) to effective concentration of 80 %. In addition, the interactions were changed from synergistic to antagonistic as effective concentrations were increased in the equimolar combinations of nPrP and MeP, as well as nPrP and PeP. The combined effects of three binary antiandrogens mixtures in the linear ranges were successfully evaluated by curve fitting and isoboles. The combined effects of specific binary mixtures varied depending on the concentrations of the chemicals in the mixtures. At low concentrations in the linear concentration ranges, there was synergistic interaction existing in the binary mixture of nPrP and MeP. The interaction tended to be antagonistic as the antiandrogens approached saturation concentrations in mixtures of nPrP with each of the other three antiandrogens. The synergistic interaction was also found in the equimolar combinations of nPrP and MeP, as well as nPrP and PeP, at low concentrations with another method of nonlinear isoboles. The mixture activities of binary antiandrogens had a tendency towards antagonism at high concentrations and synergism at low concentrations. 相似文献
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Xiaohui Wang Shuai Du Tao Ya Zhiqiang Shen Jing Dong Xiaobiao Zhu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(1):14
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焦化废水A~2/O处理过程中的组成和毒性变化规律 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
焦化废水中含有大量毒性物质,具有较强的生物毒性。本文以实验室构建的A2/O焦化废水处理系统为研究对象,考察废水处理过程化学成分和急性毒性的变化。采用紫外扫描和三维荧光光谱分析考察了处理系统各阶段出水的物质组分,并采用固相萃取和超滤膜分离等手段对水样各组分的发光细菌急性毒性进行研究。结果表明,伴随着芳香族物质等毒物的去除,焦化废水的急性生物毒性在该处理系统中被逐步削减,最终出水的毒性当量仅为原水的28%;不同组分的生物毒性测试结果显示,废水水样的强极性和中等极性有机组分贡献了绝大部分的毒性当量,而这些物质主要在缺氧段及好氧段被削减;结合三维荧光光谱的分析结果,可推断焦化废水中一类很难在A2/O处理系统中被完全去除的芳香族蛋白质类似物(Ⅱ区)很可能具有较强的生物毒性,是构成出水毒性的主要物质。 相似文献
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为了提高大跨度钢结构人行悬索桥的安全性能,以某实际工程为依托,采用有限元软件Midas/Civil建立整体空间模型,分析单缆体系和双缆体系在人群荷载和风荷载作用下的受力特点以及自振频率特性。结果表明:人群荷载作用下,双缆体系的底缆承担更多荷载,主梁挠度相比单缆体系减小约15%;风荷载作用下,两种结构体系主梁弯矩和挠度的变化趋势比较相似,双缆体系的弯矩和挠度均小于单缆体系;双缆体系的侧弯频率、竖弯频率、竖振频率以及侧振频率相比单缆体系均有所增加。双缆体系具有更优的力学性能,提高了工程安全性,并为类似工程的桥型选择提供有力参考。 相似文献
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曝气生物滤池生物量和生物活性的试验研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
采用上流式曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理城市纳污河水,应用脂磷法和TTC-脱氢酶活性法测定填料表面的生物量和生物活性,并得出其随填科高度的变化规律.同时研究了填料高度对溶解性有机物(SCOD)和氨氮去除率的影响.结果表明,曝气生物滤池生物量和生物活性的沿程分布不均匀,沿水流方向生物量和生物活性逐渐减小,进水端约40cm厚的填料集中了生物总量的60%以上,生物总活性的65%以上.有机物浓度对于生物量和生物活性的大小有很大影响,有机物浓度较低时会成为微生物生长的限制因子,导致生物量和生物活性都比较低.生物量和生物活性的大小对污染物的沿程去除率影响较大,74.6%的有机物在进水端40cm厚的填料层内得到降解,而氨氮(NH4 -N)的硝化集中在上层填料层内. 相似文献
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