Identification of potential electrotrophic microbial community in paddy soils by enrichment of microbial electrolysis cell biocathodes

Electrotrophs are microbes that can receive electrons directly from cathode in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). They not only participate in organic biosynthesis, but also be crucial in cathode-based bioremediation. However, little is known about the electrotrophic community in paddy soils. Here, the putative electrotrophs were enriched by cathodes of MECs constructed from five paddy soils with various properties using bicarbonate as an electron acceptor, and identified by 16S rRNA-gene based Illumina sequencing. The electrons were gradually consumed on the cathodes, and 25%–45% of which were recovered to reduce bicarbonate to acetic acid during MEC operation. Firmicutes was the dominant bacterial phylum on the cathodes, and Bacillus genus within this phylum was greatly enriched and was the most abundant population among the detected putative electrotrophs for almost all soils. Furthermore, several other members of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria may also participate in electrotrophic process in different soils. Soil pH, amorphous iron and electrical conductivity significantly influenced the putative electrotrophic bacterial community, which explained about 33.5% of the community structural variation. This study provides a basis for understanding the microbial diversity of putative electrotrophs in paddy soils, and highlights the importance of soil properties in shaping the community of putative electrotrophs.     

Authentication of emission monitoring data and optimization of desulfurization in the molybdenum roasting process based on BAT-OOPN and the response surface method

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper presents a quantitative pollutant discharge model for a typical molybdenum roasting plant, which combines the best available technology and...     

紫外消毒对城市污水处理厂耐药菌去除的影响研究

通过选取假单胞杆菌、鲍曼不动杆菌以及芽孢杆菌3种耐药菌作为研究对象,研究紫外光变化对这3种耐药菌的去除效果,得出较好的紫外消毒条件,应用到实际的污水处理厂消毒过程中。结果表明,紫外消毒对3种耐药菌都有很好的灭活效果。     

非金属矿物在废水处理中的应用研究

用矿物作为污水处理材料,具有储量丰富,方法简单,可去除水中无机和有机污染物,化学和生物性能稳定,容易再生等优点。非金属矿物具有良好的吸附和离子交换性能,在水处理方面有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了海泡石、镁砂、沸石、膨润土等几种常见的矿物材料在有机废水、重金属废水及含油废水中的研究现状。     

石化管道储运员工心理评估结果分析

目的:了解石油管道储运员工的心理健康现状,建立管道储运员工症状自评量表(SCL-90)的群体常模。方法:运用整群抽样方法和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对5544名中国石化管道储运公司员工进行心理健康状况调查,将SCL-90结果与中国常模比较。结果:本次调查心理健康状况好3947人,占71.2%;心理健康状况良好1299人,占23.4%;心理健康状况一般238人,占4.3%;心理健康状况异常60人,占1.1%;石化管道储运员工在躯体化、焦虑、精神病性、阳性项目数均分显著高于全国常模;人际关系、敌对、偏执和精神病性因子均分男性显著高于女性,恐怖因子均分女性显著高于男性;35岁及以上组的躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性以及阳性项目数的因子均分均高于35岁以下组;大专组和高中及以下组各项因子均分均显著高于本科及以上组。结论:管道储运员工心理健康状况低于一般人群。年龄相对较大以及学历相对较低员工的心理健康状况是企业关注的重点。     

水华束丝藻与铜绿微囊藻净化水体氮磷及其脂质积累过程比较

选取水华束丝藻与铜绿微囊藻作为典型水华蓝藻,探索水华蓝藻净化水体及合成生物柴油的潜力.采用氮磷浓度为NH4-N 7.5 mg/L,PO43--P 1.0 mg/L的模拟污水,重点考察了在光照强度与温度不同的条件下2种微藻对氮磷的去除率,并利用尼罗红荧光染色法测定了微藻中的中性脂含量.结果表明,2种藻对PO43--P的去除率均较高,最高达到98％,对NH4+-N的去除率稍低,最高为52％.水华束丝藻及铜绿微囊藻均具有较强积累中性脂的能力,适宜的温度与光照条件有利于微藻对氮磷的去除及细胞中脂类的积累.2种藻均在光照强度为12 000 lx时中性脂含量更高.水华束丝藻在温度为18 ～22℃条件下,生长更优,氮磷净化效果较好,中性脂积累能力更强.而铜绿微囊藻在温度为22～ 26℃时表现更好.     

三元复合驱采出水中悬浮固体的控制方法

采用向三元复合驱采出水中加入水质稳定剂的方法有效降低采出水中悬浮固体的质量浓度。实验结果表明,将100 g采出水依次经滤纸和孔径为0.45μm的醋酸纤维素膜过滤后,加入1.0 g WSBL-3型水质稳定剂,混合均匀后置于80℃的水浴中静置4 h,取出后再置于40℃的水浴中静置5 min,由此可将采出水中的悬浮固体质量浓度由107 mg/L降至2 mg/L。     

长三角经济能源约束下的大气污染问题及对区域协作的启示

长三角地区大气污染治理取得一定成效,然而空气质量改善逐渐进入瓶颈期和攻坚期,大气污染治理战略需要从宏观层面系统谋划。本文系统分析了近10年来长三角区域经济、能源、产业、交通的发展状况和趋势,结合区域大气污染物浓度水平的演变,分析了大气污染与经济社会发展的耦合关系。结合当前区域空气污染的空间分布差异以及经济能源交通结构的内在差别,识别了大气污染的区内差异特征及关键制约因素。在此基础上,从能源结构和产业结构调整、交通结构优化、分区施策、深化治理等角度,为深化区域大气污染联防联控,持续改善大气污染问题提出了政策建议。     

Suppression of precipitation by dust particles originated in the Tibetan Plateau

Dust aerosols play an important role in modulating the hydrologic cycle. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is little polluted by human activities as an ideal site to study the effect of dust aerosol on precipitation. In this study, observational data of dust storms and precipitation in the TP and its vicinities as well as CALIPSO satellite data were used to analyze the distributions and vertical structure of dust storms on the plateau. The results showed that dust storms occur with high frequency and raise dust particles into the troposphere from ground level to a height of 5–9 km to modulate the hydrologic cycle in the TP. There are significant negative correlations between dust aerosol and precipitation in the dust source regions during the period of both 40 and 200 years. It is found that the role of precipitation in suppressing dust storms could be unimportant, while dust aerosol may play an important role in suppressing precipitation in the hinterland of the TP. Our study provides a potential approach to better understand the climate changes in the TP.     

载钯螯合树脂的制备、表征及其降解多溴联苯醚的初步研究

以聚丙烯醛-异烟酰腙螯合树脂为高分子载体, 利用其活性基团对钯的选择性富集分离性能, 将金属元素钯键合到高分子载体上, 制备一种含钯树脂材料(树脂1), 并进一步原位还原得到还原态的载钯树脂(树脂2)。利用红外光谱、扫描电镜和X射线衍射等对以上2种含钯树脂材料进行了分析表征,并考察了它们对持久性有机污染物(POPs)多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的脱溴降解性能。结果表明,2种树脂对BDE₂₀₉均有降解活性, 其中树脂1的降解性能比树脂2的降解性能要高, 树脂中钯的氧化形态可能对BDE₂₀₉的催化降解起主要作用。