排序方式: 共有45条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
基于现场测试的斜拉桥有限元模型修正 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于多年使用,桥的结构材料等都已经发生变化,因此在研究桥的当前工作状态时,必须依照现场测试结果,将初始模型修正为符合现阶段实际情况的有限元模型。本文以黄河胜利大桥为工程背景,根据设计资料建立了该桥初始有限元模型,用ANSYS通用软件开发了索力修正程序,该程序通过调整拉索的初始应变和附加质量块,使模型索力与设计索力之间误差在5%以内。计算发现,有限元模型中的施工顺序对成桥状态有着很大影响,应通过单元生死技术进行施工模拟。本文以各级加载工况下挠度、索力的变化情况作为控制目标,最终建立了能够反映加载工况下挠度变化、索力变化的黄河胜利大桥基准有限元模型,为今后监测桥的索力变化情况进而了解整座桥的工作状态奠定了基础。 相似文献
2.
为解决高瓦斯工作面隅角封堵工人劳动强度大、效率低,封堵效果不佳易造成隅角瓦斯浓度超限等安全问题,研发设计了矿用阻燃内外胆组合结构的轻型柔性隅角封堵气囊,并相应提出了单体液压支柱配合轻型柔性气囊的隅角封堵新方法。通过实验室测试实验和现场工业性试验表明:选用PVC材料和双抗涂覆布材料的气囊质量小、轻便实用,大幅降低了工人的劳动强度,提高了工作效率,减小了传统封堵方式编织袋装碎煤造成的遗煤浪费;该气囊可适应大变形(变形率可达42.5%)、耐冲击(2×104J的冲击能量不破坏),抗撕扯能力强,且具有阻燃特性,重复使用率高,大大节约了隅角封堵的成本;使用气囊封堵后,采空区内瓦斯浓度显著增大,说明气囊封堵的密闭性增加,安全封堵效果十分明显。 相似文献
3.
石油污染土壤物化修复前后生物毒性效应 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
采用作物种子的发芽率作为生态指标对石油污染土壤进行毒性分析,并以蚯蚓为实验生物,研究了石油污染物的生物效应及其对土壤生态系统的影响.结果表明,不同的作物种子对石油污染表现出不同的耐受性,对照清洁土壤,大多数作物种子的萌发都明显受到石油污染的抑制,其中受石油污染影响最严重的是黄豆、蚕豆、玉米.相比之下,在不同石油污染水平下绿豆具有较高的耐受性,且种子发芽率均在90%以上.蚯蚓在受到污染胁迫时,在生理水平上会发生明显的变化,进而影响其存活和生长能力,实验观测到随着石油污染加重蚯蚓存活时间显著下降.在高污染水平石油污染的土壤中(石油污染水平>30 000 mg.kg-1),蚯蚓的耐性降低,仅可以存活5 d左右,说明石油烃对蚯蚓的毒性较大,主要是因为蚯蚓直接与石油接触导致其中毒脱水而死亡.处理后油田污染土,即使在污染水平很低(≈30 mg.kg-1)的情况下,蚯蚓存活时间依然很短(3 d左右),是因为经过石油醚处理过的土壤,其营养物质也随着石油而被处理掉,而土壤中有机质等营养物对蚯蚓的生存具有很大影响. 相似文献
4.
Persistent organochlorine residues in sediments of the Haihe River and Dagu Drainage River in Tianjin, China 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
DING Hui LI Xin-gang LIU Hun WANG Jun SHEN Wei-ran SUN Yi-chao SHAO Xiao-long 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2005,17(5):731-735
Persistent organochlorine compounds were analyzed by means of GC-ECD in surface sediment samples from two selected rivers in Tianjin, Haihe River and Dagu Drainage River. A total of 16 surface sediment sites were selected along the both rivers. The frequency of detection of T-HCH and T-DDT in sediment samples both was up to 100%, which illustrated that the contamination of HCH and DDT was widespread in Haihe and Dagu Drainage Rivers. Results indicated that the concentrations of various pesticides in sediments from Haihe River were in the range of 3.30-75.96 ng/g dw for T-HCH and 1.57-211.57 ng/g dw for T-DDT. Compared with Haihe River, Dagu Drainage River was contaminated by HCHs and DDTs along the all locations and the values of T-HCH and T-DDT residues in sediments ranged from 2.30 to 124.61 ng/g dw and from 11.28 to 237.30 ng/g dw, respectively, The possible pollution sources were analyzed through monitoring results of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) residues in sediments from the two rivers. The investigation also indicated that HCH was still used as pesticide in Tianjin partial area. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
Functional microorganisms to high concentration phenol containing Cr^6+ and Pb^2+ were cultured and biofilm was formed on polypropylene packings in bioelectro-reactor. It was found that the biodegradation capability of such biofilm to phenol changed with the applied voltage. Under the optimal electric field conditions (voltage of 3.0 V, electric field of strength 17.7 V/m and current density of 1.98 A/m2), biodegradation efficiency of phenol aof concentration of 1200 mg/L increased 33% compared to the instance without applying electric field. However, voltage had inverse effect on biodegradation, as microorganisms were killed under strong electric field. Voltage had little effect on heavy ions elimination. Higher absorption rate of Cr^6+ and Pb^2+ was observed when changing pH fi'om acidic to neutral. The experiment results indicated that, after treatment, 10 L phenol of 2400 mg/L was biodegraded completely within 55 h and concentrations of Cr^6+ and Pb^2+ dropped to less than 1 mg/L within 12 h and 6 h, fi'om initial values of 50 mg/L and 30 mg/L, respectively. 相似文献
8.
9.
五氯苯酚(PCP)是一种曾被广泛使用的木材防腐剂、杀菌剂和除草剂,目前已经造成了世界范围内土壤和水体的污染.以生物曝气池原生动物群落为靶生物对五氯苯酚进行了12小时急性毒性试验研究,结果表明,此原生动物群落急性中毒的最大无致死和最小全致死浓度范围是0.4 ̄40mg·L-1,半数致死浓度为2.40mg·L-1.在PCP染毒条件下,原生动物群落结构表现出简单化趋势,随着PCP浓度的增加,原生动物种类越来越少.肉足类原生动物对PCP耐受能力最差,鞭毛类稍强,纤毛类耐受能力最好,且PCP浓度越大,其耐受优势越明显. 相似文献
10.