紫外光在臭氧降解不同有机物过程中的协同作用

利用O3／UV分别对与臭氧有不同反应活性的对氯苯酚、硝基苯、乙酸和草酸进行了降解试验,结果表明,UV与臭氧化降解的协同作用与目标有机物本身的性质有很大关系,在本实验条件下,UV与臭氧的联用反而降低了对氯苯酚的臭氧化降解效率,30min后体系的TOC去除率仅有59％,而单独臭氧化TOC的去除率达到了66％;对硝基苯和草酸而言,UV均明显地提高了臭氧的降解效率,40min时两者TOC的去除率分别为44％和90％,比单独臭氧化处理分别高出了6％和33％;但是,O3／UV对乙酸几乎无降解活性．在这4种有机物的单独臭氧化降解过程中,除对氯苯酚外,水中均可检测到溶解臭氧．以上的实验结果表明,目标有机物对紫外光的吸收及单独臭氧化过程水中溶解臭氧的存在是O3／UV降解效率提高的必要条件．除UV对目标有机物的活化作用外,降解过程的中间产物H2O2也是O3／UV降解效率提高的一个重要因素,UV分解溶解臭氧在此过程可能仅起了辅助作用。     

Surfactant-assisted adsorption of uranyl ions in aqueous solution on TiO2/polythiophene nanocomposite

In this work, hexadecyltrimethylammonium-bromide (HTAB)-modified polythiophene (PTh)/TiO₂ nanocomposite (HTAB/PTh/TiO₂) was applied to remove uranyl ions (UO₂²⁺). FT-IR, XRD, ζ potential, TGA, SEM, and XPS were utilized to obtain the chemical and physical properties of HTAB/PTh/TiO₂. The effects of HTAB content, preparation temperature, and adsorption conditions on UO₂²⁺ removal were investigated comprehensively. And the UO₂²⁺ adsorption process on HTAB/PTh/TiO₂ was fitted to the Sips model with a saturated adsorption capacity of 234.74 mg/g, which was 6 times over TiO₂. The results suggested that the surfactant of HTAB can significantly improve the adsorption ability of TiO₂ for UO₂²⁺ ions. This work provides a strategy of surfactant modification for enhancing the separation and recovery ability of adsorbent toward UO₂²⁺ in the radioactive wastewater.

     

建筑市场的安全监管

近年来,建筑安全生产形势一直比较严峻,重大安全事故呈上升趋势.针对我国建筑业安全事故频繁且对我国建筑业造成严重不良影响的现状,分别建立了市场准入和施工安全监管博弈模型,通过分析上述博弈模型,提出了一些解决办法以降低安全事故发生率.     

家用多功能电化学臭氧发生器的研究

介绍了一种多功能电化学臭氧发生器,根据需要可产生臭氧化氧气,也可直接制得臭氧水.试验表明,该发生器十分适合用于家庭室内空气的净化和增氧、卫生间的消毒灭菌、蔬菜水果残余农药的去除、酚嗅的去除等用途,具有很好的开发前景.