温压工艺中聚合物添加剂的加入方式

采用温压技术制备铁基粉末冶金材料,研究了干混和湿混两种聚合物添加剂加入方式及压制温度对生坯和烧结体性能的影响,并对其作用机理进行了探讨.试验结果表明,干混混合粉生坯及烧结体的性能略高于湿混混合粉生坯及烧结体的性能,但前者的最佳压制温度范围略高.     

城市生活垃圾场处理技术模糊综合评价

通过对一个待建的城市生活垃圾场处理技术的综合分析，建立一个相对完整的指标体系，然后用模糊数学的方法，对指标体系进行量化、归一化，得到一个通用的评价模型，并运用此模型对该垃圾的垃圾处理方式进行评价，最后提出卫生填埋是当前较为合理的处理方式。     

我国与南太平洋和加勒比海国家开展应对气候变化合作策略研究

南太平洋和加勒比海国家是我国开展应对气候变化南南合作的重点对象之一。目前我国已通过应对气候变化物资赠送、培训等方式与部分国家开展了气候变化合作,但总体来看尚处于探索阶段,对其合作需求了解得尚不够深入,且缺乏整体系统性的谋划和战略。通过调查问卷、面对面访谈和分析现有合作相结合的方式,发现南太平洋和加勒比海国家应对气候变化合作需求主要集中在资金支持、能力建设和基础设施建设等方面。未来,我国可通过在现有合作框架下与南太平洋和加勒比海国家展开气候合作,打造气候变化的战略共识;不断优化和深化目前开展的应对气候变化南南合作项目,提高合作的针对性;通过抓重点领域开展深度合作等方式不断加强合作,提升我国在全球气候治理方面的影响力;做好舆论宣传工作,加强在气候治理经验方面的交流;开展多方合作;鼓励私营部门交流,增强互信程度。     

三峡库区垃圾堆放场稳定化程度的模糊综合判别

从宏观和微观两个方面建立了垃圾堆放场稳定化程度的判别指标，即表观指标，垃圾堆龄，最大理论产气量，有机质含量和浸出液COD等，并且确定评价标准，稳定化程度分级体系采用稳定，基本稳定，较稳定和稳定4级，运用模糊数学的理论方法，综合判定三峡库区万州和尚桥垃圾堆放场的稳定化状态。     

Re-evaluation of thyroid hormone signaling antagonism of tetrabromobisphenol A for validating the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay

We developed the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay, which is supposed to be able to sensitively detect thyroid hormone(TH) signaling disruption of chemicals. The present study aimed to validate the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay by re-evaluating the TH signaling antagonism of tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA), a known TH signaling disruptor. According to the assay we developed, Xenopus tadpoles at stage 52 were exposed to 10–500 nmol/L TBBPA in the presence of 1 nmol/L T3. After 96 hr of exposure, TBBPA in the range of 10–500 nmol/L was found to significantly inhibit T3-induced morphological changes of Xenopus tadpoles in a concentration-dependent manner in term of body weight and four morphological endpoints including head area(HA), mouth width(MW), unilateral brain width/brain length(ULBW/BL), and hind-limb length/snout-vent length(HLL/SVL).The results show that these endpoints we developed are sensitive for characterizing the antagonistic effects of TBBPA on T3-induced metamorphosis. Following a 24-hr exposure,we found that TBBPA antagonized expression of T3-induced TH-response genes in the tail,which is consistent with previous findings in the intestine. We propose that the tail can be used as an alternative tissue to the intestine for examining molecular endpoints for evaluating TH signaling disruption. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay we developed is an ideal in vivo assay for detecting TH signaling disruption.     

镉水质自动在线监测系统的安装和建设

介绍了中国重金属污染物排放现状和镉水质自动在线监测仪的安装运行现状以及重金属在线监测系统相关规范的制定情况,阐述了镉水质自动在线监测仪的分析原理,对基于不同分析原理的仪器进行了性能检验,对监测站房、排污口建设、仪器安装和调试提出了技术要求,同时针对镉水质自动在线监测系统的安装和建设及其相关规范的制定提出了意见和建议.     

Mg/Al双金属氧化物对As(V)吸附性能的研究

研究了以镁铝水滑石为原料制备的Mg/Al双金属氧化物对溶液中As(V)的吸附作用及其影响因素.结果表明：Mg/Al双金属氧化物对As(V)具有较强的吸附能力,吸附规律符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,根据计算所得的理论最大吸附量为51.02 mg·g-1,与实验得出的最大吸附量50.53 mg·g-1基本一致;运用3种...     

Seasonal and diurnal variations of atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate, peroxypropionyl nitrate, and carbon tetrachloride in Beijing

Atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN), peroxypropionyl nitrate(PPN), and carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) were measured from September 2010 to August 2011 in Beijing. PAN exhibited low values from mid-autumn to early spring(October to March) with monthly average concentrations ranging from 0.28 to 0.73 ppbV, and increased from early spring to summer(March to August), ranging from 1.37–3.79 ppbV. The monthly variation of PPN was similar to PAN, with low values(below detection limit to 0.18 ppbV) from mid-autumn to early spring, and a monthly maximum in September(1.14 ppbV). The monthly variation of CCl4was tightly related to the variation of temperature, exhibiting a minimum in winter(69.3 pptV) and a maximum of 180.6 pptV in summer. Due to weak solar intensity and short duration, PAN and O3showed no distinct diurnal patterns from morning to night during winter, whereas for other seasons, they both exhibited maximal values in the late afternoon(ca. 15:00 to 16:00 local time) and minimal values during early morning and midnight. Good linear correlations between PAN and PPN were found in autumn(R = 0.91), spring(R = 0.94), and summer(R = 0.81), with slopes of 0.130, 0.222, and 0.133, respectively, suggesting that anthropogenic hydrocarbons dominated the photochemical formation of PANs in Beijing. Positive correlation between PAN and O3 in summer with the low slopes( O3 / PAN) ranging from 9.92 to 18.0 indicated serious air pollution in Beijing, and strong negative correlation in winter reflected strong O3consumption by NO titration and less thermal decompositin of PAN.     

Community structure and elevational diversity patterns of soil Acidobacteria

Acidobacteria is one of the most dominant and abundant phyla in soil,and was believed to have a wide range of metabolic and genetic functions. Relatively little is known about its community structure and elevational diversity patterns. We selected four elevation gradients from 1000 to 2800 m with typical vegetation types of the northern slope of Shennongjia Mountain in central China. The vegetation types were evergreen broadleaved forest,deciduous broadleaved forest,coniferous forest and sub-alpine shrubs. We analyzed the soil acidobacterial community composition,elevational patterns and the relationship between Acidobacteria subdivisions and soil enzyme activities by using the 16 S rRNA meta-sequencing technique and multivariate statistical analysis. The result found that 19 known subdivisions as well as an unclassified phylotype were presented in these forest sites,and Subdivision 6 has the highest number of detectable operational taxonomic units(OTUs). A significant single peak distribution pattern(P 0.05) between the OTU number and the elevation was observed. The Jaccard and Bray–Curtis index analysis showed that the soil Acidobacteria compositional similarity significantly decreased(P 0.01) with the increase in elevation distance. Mantel test analysis showed the most of the soil Acidobacteria subdivisions had the significant relationship(P 0.01) with different soil enzymes. Therefore,soil Acidobacteria may be involved in different ecosystem functions in global elemental cycles. Partial Mantel tests and CCA analysis showed that soil pH,soil temperature and plant diversity may be the key factors in shaping the soil Acidobacterial community structure.     

基于生产工艺的水泥工业项目竣工环保验收监测重点分析研究

基于水泥工业的生产工艺特点,说明新型干法生产时代,水泥生产的主要产污环节及特征污染物,并分析其对生态环境的影响和危害,表明该行业属高能耗、高污染的产能过剩行业.根据建设项目竣工环境保护验收规范要求和工作实践经验,结合生产工艺、特征污染物和污染物总量控制等要求,从废水监测、废气监测、噪声监测等方面阐明水泥行业项目竣工环保验收的侧重点和注意事项,并指出污染防治设施、总量控制等几方面应重点关注的问题.