Distillers’ grains anaerobic digestion residue biochar used for ammonium sorption and its effect on ammonium leaching from an Ultisol

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this work was to explore the potential application of biochar from distillers’ grains anaerobic digestion residue pyrolyzed at...     

初始pH值对提油后藻渣发酵制氢的影响

提油后藻渣的利用和处理对于微藻生物柴油产业的发展具有重要意义.采用批次实验研究了初始pH值(pH值范围为5～9)对提油后藻渣发酵产氢的影响.研究结果表明,提高初始pH值引起累积产氢量和氢气产量逐渐下降.初始pH值从5增加到6.5引起氢气产生速率逐渐增加,而初始pH值从6.5增加到9时,氢气产生速率则逐渐下降.在pH 5...     

盐都区PM2.5污染特征的城郊差异及成因初探

为探究城郊细颗粒物（PM_2.5）污染特征的差异及其成因,利用2022年盐都区城区和郊区ρ（PM_2.5）数据,分析了城郊站点ρ（PM_2.5）水平和日变化特征的差异,并从污染来源和传输影响两方面进行了成因初探。结果显示：2022年盐都郊区ρ（PM_2.5）年均值较城区高23.1%;郊区站点ρ（PM_2.5）日变化峰值更突出,春、夏、秋三季早晨峰值出现在06：00左右,明显早于城区站点。PM_2.5特征组分质量浓度比值和化学质量平衡（CMB）模型模拟结果表明,城郊站点PM_2.5的主要贡献源为移动源、燃煤源等,城区的餐饮源和郊区的生物质燃烧源也有贡献;此外,郊区站点受二次生成的影响要远大于城区站点。ρ（PM_2.5）与城市热岛效应强度（UHII）间关系研究结果表明：郊区受热岛效应影响的程度相对城区更强;各季节郊区ρ（PM_2.5）与UHII均呈负响应,UHII越强,郊区PM_2.5的水平扩散能力越强,城郊PM_2.5的垂直扩散能力差别越明显。后向气流轨迹分析结果表明：郊区受到来自西南（安徽中部、江苏中部）方向、东部（黄海、东海）方向以及高空下沉污染气团的影响明显强于城区,外来污染气团的输送也是郊区ρ（PM_2.5）高于城区的重要原因。     

泥石流V型排导槽防淤设计方法及其应用研究

排导槽是泥石流治理常用的工程措施,泥石流若在槽内淤积,将极大影响排导槽防治效果。目前国内现行规范中没有关于排导槽淤积情况计算的相关条款,导致排导槽被泥石流淤埋的工程事故时有发生。鉴于此,分析了排导槽淤堵的常见原因,对现有的一些排导槽淤积验算公式进行了分析和整理,提出了一套基于槽宽验算、槽内泥深及流速验算等公式的排导槽防淤设计验算方法。该方法在雅(安)泸(沽)高速公路沿线某泥石流沟V型排导槽淤埋事故的处理中进行了应用,重建的排导槽经受了2011年6月17日特大暴雨形成的泥石流的考验,说明该方法实施效果良好,可供相关研究与设计参考。     

Enrichment of thermophilic and mesophilic microbial consortia for efficient degradation of corn stalk

Six different environmental samples were applied to enrich microbial consortia for efficient degradation of corn stalk,under the thermophilic and mesophilic conditions.The consortium obtained from anaerobic digested sludge under thermophilic condition(TC-Y)had the highest lignocellulose-degrading activity.The CO_2yield was 246.73 m L/g VS in23 days,meanwhile,the maximum CO_2production rate was 15.48 mL/(CO_2·d),which was28.75%and 52.27%higher than that under mesophilic condition,respectively.The peak value of cellulase activity reached 0.105 U/mL,which was at least 34.61%higher than the other groups.In addition,49.5%of corn stalk was degraded in 20 days,moreover,the degradation ratio of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin can reach 52.76%,62.45%and42.23%,respectively.Microbial consortium structure analysis indicated that the TC-Y contained the phylum of Gemmatimonadetes,Acidobacteria,Chloroflexi,Planctomycetes,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria.Furthermore,the Pseudoxanthomonas belonging to GammaProteobacteria might be the key bacterial group for the lignocellulose degradation.These results indicated the capability of degrading un-pretreated corn stalk and the potential for further investigation and application of TC-Y.