曝气条件对浸没式膜生物反应器内流场的影响

为深入研究流场动力学特性对浸没式膜生物反应器系统内膜面污染的控制,应用fluent软件对浸没式膜生物反应器内气液两相流动进行了三维数值模拟研究。采用标准k-ε湍流模型和欧拉多相流模型,考察了改变曝气条件对膜面气液速度场及气含率分布的影响。模拟结果表明,在相同曝气强度下,1 mm曝气孔径下膜面气液两相的速度增加较孔径2mm、3 mm的快;曝气孔径为1 mm时,膜面的液相速度随着曝气强度的增加逐渐增大;曝气孔径为1 mm时,曝气量为5.5m3/h所形成的漩涡区较大,膜面气含率值较高且分布较均匀,气液两相接触面积较大,膜面冲刷效果较好;模拟观察到反应器底部靠近壁面局部气含率较低,不利于活性污泥中微生物的生长,需要进一步优化曝气和反应器结构。     

SMBR内气液两相流三维CFD模拟

应用CFD软件Fluent对浸没式膜生物反应器(submerged membrane bioreactor,SMBR)内气液两相流进行数值模拟研究,重点考查曝气系统的改变对气液两相流态的影响,并结合PIV实验验证模拟结果,从而为反应器的优化设计及膜污染的控制提供理论依据。模拟结果表明,SMBR内曝气强化了气液两相紊动,膜表面液相速度沿反应器高度增加且形成循环流动,有利于膜面污染物的脱落;反应器内气含率分布不均匀,出现死区,不利于微生物的生长;经实验验证,模拟结果吻合良好。     

膜生物反应器内流场动力学特性的PIV实验研究

浸没式膜生物反应器系统内膜面附近的气液两相流动力学特性对控制浓差极化和膜污染具有重要影响。应用粒子图像测速(PIV)技术对浸没式膜生物反应器内近膜面的液相流场动力学特性进行了研究。采用相分离技术灰度分辨法将通过PIV技术得到的气液两相流场图像中的液相速度场进行辨别,得到膜面附近的液相流场数据,并应用Tecplot软件计算得出液相流的涡量特性。在3 mm曝气孔径,2.5、3.0、3.5、4.5、5.5和6.5 m3/h 6种曝气强度下分析了膜面附近的液相速度场和涡量场。结果表明,曝气强度对液相流场和涡量场的影响较大,在一定范围内增加曝气强度可以使得液相速度和涡量增加,同时,分析了3 mm孔径下圆帽状气泡的动力学特性。研究结果为膜生物反应器系统的优化设计提供了研究经验和实验数据。     

Respiratory exposure to PM2.5 soluble extract induced chronic lung injury by disturbing the phagocytosis function of macrophage

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Exposure to airborne urban particles is a contributing factor for the development of multiple types of respiratory diseases; its pathological role as...     

气升式反应器气液两相流流态特性模拟

为了研究曝气强度对气升式反应器内气液两相流特性的影响,组合多相流Eulerian—Eulerian模型和液相Standardk-ε湍流模型,运用Fluent软件建立了气升式反应器内气液两相流的三维非稳态数值模拟。在曝气管布局方式一定的情况下,模拟计算获得了反应器内x轴截面处不同径向位置的气含率、液速分布情况,计算结果表明,在本文研究的曝气强度范围内,气含率随着曝气强度增加而增加,越靠近曝气池底部,升流区局部气含率越高,且气含率值波动较大;随着曝气强度的增加,曝气孔附近液速增加较明显,但随着气液两相流的上升,液速增加幅度降低;同时采用粒子图像测速（PIV）技术对液相速度进行了实验研究,实验结果与模拟结果吻合性较好。     

Stability of Fe–As composites formed with As(V) and aged ferrihydrite

During the aging process, ferrihydrite was transformed into mineral mixtures composed of different proportions of ferrihydrite, goethite, lepidocrocite and hematite. Such a transformation may affect the fixed ability of arsenic. In this study, the stability of Fe-As composites formed with As(V) and the minerals aged for 0, 1, 4, 10 and 30 days of ferrihydrite were systematically examined, and the effects of molar of ratios Fe/As were also clarified using kinetic methods combined with multiple spectroscopic techniques. The results indicated that As(V) was rapidly adsorbed on minerals during the initial polymerization process, which delayed both the ferrihydrite conversion and the hematite formation. When the Fe/As molar ratio was 1.875 and 5.66, the As(V) adsorbed by ferrihydrite began to release after 6 hr and 12 hr, respectively. The corresponding release amounts of As(V) were 0.55 g/L and 0.07 g/L, and the adsorption rates were 92.43% and 97.50% at 60 days, respectively. However, the As(V) adsorbed by the transformation products aged for 30 days of ferrihydrite began to release after adsorbed 30 days. The corresponding release amounts of As(V) were 0.25 g/L and 0.03 g/L, and the adsorption rates were 84.23% and 92.18% after adsorbed 60 days, for the Fe/As=1.875 and 5.66, respectively. Overall, the combination of As(V) with ferrihydrite and aged products transformed from a thermodynamically metastable phase to a dynamically stable state within a certain duration. Moreover, the aging process of ferrihydrite reduced the sorption ability of arsenate by iron (hydr)oxide but enhanced the stability of the Fe-As composites.