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1.
Gałuszka A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,110(1-3):55-70
In June of 2000, biogeochemical study was carried out in three ecosystems of the Holy Cross Mountains (south-central Poland).
This paper presents element concentrations and stable sulfur (and in one site lead) isotope ratios in rocks, detailed soil
profiles, and plant bioindicators including epiphytic lichen Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl., mosses (Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt., Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. S. Str., Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) B.S.G.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), common birch (Betula pendula Roth.), aspen (Populus tremula L.) and English oak (Quercus robur L.). Chemical analyses were performed with ICP-AES and AAS methods in the accredited laboratory (Central Chemical Laboratory
of the Polish Geological Institute in Warsaw). The principal objective of this study was to compare the chemical composition
of rocks, soils and selected plant bioindicators between investigation sites using the same methods of sample collection,
preparation and analyses. The results of this study have shown that there is a high variability in concentrations of elements
in plant bioindicators from the same sites that can not be explained only by soil properties or anthropogenic influence. This
conclusion indicates that for biomonitoring purposes (especially with vascular plants) we cannot neglect individual features
of the species examined. 相似文献
2.
Maria Konarska Agnieszka Wolska Maria Widerszal-Bazyl Joanna Bugajska Danuta Roman-Liu Arne Aar?s 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2005,11(1):65-76
A group of routine data entry operators (female) was included in the Polish MEPS (musculoskeletal--eyestrain--psychosocial--stress) study. Before the intervention, ergonomic assessment revealed improper working conditions such as inadequate lighting, uncomfortable chairs, and lack of forearm and wrist support while medical examination revealed that trapezius muscle load along with upper arm, head and back angles were higher than advisable. Subjects complained about neck and shoulder pain, visual problems, and psychosocial conditions. The ergonomic intervention included installation of new luminaires and Venetian blinds, new chairs, repair of ventilators, and optometric corrections. The results after the intervention showed mainly improvement in chair comfort, lighting conditions, visual strain, and sitting posture. However, financial limitations did not allow satisfactory completion of the intervention leading to a mixed interpretation of the results. 相似文献
3.
Anna Stachniuk Agnieszka Szmagara Renata Czeczko Emilia Fornal 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(7):446-457
The aim of the research is to evaluate pesticide residue contamination of fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables, agricultural raw material, purchased from Polish farmers for production of frozen fruits and vegetables, and the estimation of the multiresidue method effectiveness expressed as the proportion of pesticides detected in food samples to the total number of pesticides analyzed by multiresidue methods. A total of 144 samples (of black currants, red currants, raspberries, cherries, strawberries, blackberries, cauliflowers and broccoli) were analyzed using LC-MS/MS method for the determination of 60 pesticides. QuEChERS extraction, matrix-matched calibration and dynamic multiple reaction monitoring method were used. Residues of 15 compounds, mainly fungicides and insecticides, were detected in 46 samples. The percentage of samples with residues above the maximum residue levels (MRL) was 15%, whereas samples with residues below MRL were 17%. A total of 13 samples contained more than one pesticide residue. Pesticide residues were detected most often in samples of black currants (50%), broccoli (36.4%), raspberries (29%) and red currants (21.8%). The most frequently detected pesticides were carbendazim and acetamiprid. The proportion of pesticides detected during our study to the total number of analyzed pesticides amounted to 25%. It was compared to literature findings. For three fourth of multiresidue methods, the proportion was below 50% for methods developed for the analysis of less than 100 pesticides, and below 30% for methods developed for the analysis of more than 100 pesticides. It appears that a lot of efforts and means is lost on pesticides never or rarely detected in examined samples. The workload and cost effectiveness of the development and application of multiresidue methods along with the range of pesticides covered by the method should be carefully and thoroughly considered anytime when a new method or workflow is developed. Including non-targeted screenings in pesticide residue control seems to be an alternative worth considering. 相似文献
4.
Agnieszka Ćwirlej-Sozańska Anna Wilmowska-Pietruszyńska Bernard Sozański 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2018,24(3):386-394
Purpose. To assess the reliability and validity of the Polish version of the 36-point World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) in an elderly population. Method. One thousand randomly selected individuals, aged 60–70 years, living in south-eastern Poland were assessed using the Polish version of the WHODAS 2.0. Results. The analysis confirmed the high reliability and validity of the tool. Cronbach’s α index was 0.89. The tool had high stability, and the correlation between test and retest results was high. The relevance of the domain selection was high or very high. A factor analysis confirmed the relevance of assigning questions to domains. High theoretical relevance was also demonstrated. Statistically significant differences between those who were and were not suffering from health problems were observed. An analysis of the internal structure of the WHODAS 2.0 revealed strong correlations between the components of each domain and the final result. Conclusion. The Polish version of the WHODAS 2.0 showed high reliability and validity; thus, it can be used to assess health, functioning and disability in the elderly population of Poland. 相似文献
5.
Ignacio Gonzalez–Fernandez Agnieszka Kaminska Mahmadali Dodmani Eleni Goumenaki Steve Quarrie Jeremy D. Barnes 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(5):621-630
The work outlined in this paper had three objectives. The first was to explore the effects of ozone pollution on grain yield and quality of commercially-grown winter wheat cultivars. The second was to derive a stomatal ozone flux model for winter wheat and compare with those already developed for spring wheat. The third was to evaluate exposure- versus flux–response approaches from a risk assessment perspective, and explore the implications of genetic variation in modelled ozone flux.Fifteen winter wheat cultivars were grown in open-top chambers where they were exposed to four levels of ozone. During fumigation, stomatal conductance measurements were made over the lifespan of the flag leaf across a range of environmental conditions. Although significant intra-specific variation in ‘ozone sensitivity’ (in terms of impacts on yield) was identified, yield was inversely related (R2 = 0.63, P < 0.001) to the accumulated hourly averaged ozone exposure above 40 ppb during daylight hours (AOT40) across the dataset. The adverse effect of ozone on yield was principally due to a decline in seed weight. Algorithms defining the influence of environmental variables on stomatal uptake were subtly different from those currently in use, based on data for spring wheat, to map ozone impacts on pan-European cereal yield. Considerable intra-specific variation in phenological effects was identified. This meant that an ‘average behaviour’ had to be derived which reduced the predictive capability of the derived stomatal flux model (R2 = 0.49, P < 0.001, 15 cultivars included). Indeed, given the intra-specific variability encountered, the flux model that was derived from the full dataset was no better in predicting O3 impacts on wheat yield than was the AOT40 index. The study highlights the need to use ozone risk assessment tools appropriate to specific vegetation types when modelling and mapping ozone impacts at the regional level. 相似文献
6.
7.
The relationships between air pollutants, meteorological parameters and concentration of airborne fungal spores 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Grinn-Gofroń A Strzelczak A Wolski T 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(2):602-608
Fungal spores are an important component of bioaerosol and also considered to act as indicator of the level of atmospheric bio-pollution. Therefore, better understanding of these phenomena demands a detailed survey of airborne particles.The objective of this study was to examine the dependence of two the most important allergenic taxa of airborne fungi - Alternaria and Cladosporium - on meteorological parameters and air pollutant concentrations during three consecutive years (2006-2008). This study is also an attempt to create artificial neural network (ANN) forecasting models useful in the prediction of aeroallergen abundance.There were statistically significant relationships between spore concentration and environmental parameters as well as pollutants, confirmed by the Spearman’s correlation rank analysis and high performance of the ANN models obtained. The concentrations of Cladosporium and Alternaria spores can be predicted with quite good accuracy from meteorological conditions and air pollution recorded three days earlier. 相似文献
8.
Agata Witczak Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(7):658-665
The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of organochlorine pesticides [HCH and isomers (α, β, γ), aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide and DDT and its metabolites (op’-DDD, pp’-DDD, op’-DDT, pp’-DDE, pp’-DDT] in smoked fish. Analysis was made of 12 typical smoked fish products that are the most popular among customers from the city of Szczecin, Poland. Pesticide residues were found in all samples of smoked fish. The smoked sprat and cold-smoked Baltic salmon were the most contaminated smoked fish products in terms of chlorine pesticides. The sum of DDT metabolites ranged from 1.48 (smoked mackerel) to 35.53 ng/g wet weight (smoked sprat), with the lowest concentrations found for op’-DDT and the highest for pp’-DDE. The level of heptachlor epoxide isomer B was low and ranged from 0.06 ± 0.01 (smoked eel) to 0.27 ± 0.07 ng/g w.w. (smoked sprat). The content of heptachlor was 0.48–1.99 ng/g w.w. Concentration of endrin was higher compared to other pesticides, ranged from 1.50 (cold-smoked salmon fillet) to 16.84 ng/g w.w (hot-smoked warehou). The contamination of smoked products was significantly low and poses no risk to the health of consumers provided that they eat a diverse diet. The concentration of organochlorine pesticides in the analysed products was below the standards accepted in European countries. 相似文献
9.
Recycling of EDTA solution after soil washing of Pb, Zn, Cd and As contaminated soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Soil washing with EDTA is known to be an effective means of removing toxic metals from contaminated soil. A practical way of recycling of used soil washing solution remains, however, an unsolved technical problem. We demonstrate here, in a laboratory scale experiment, the feasibility of using acid precipitation to recover up to 50% of EDTA from used soil washing solution obtained after extraction of Pb (5330 mg kg−1), Zn (3400 mg kg−1), Cd (35 mg kg−1) and As (279 mg kg−1) contaminated soil. Up to 100% of EDTA residual in the washing solution and 100%, 97%, 98% and 100% of initial Pb, Zn, Cd and As concentration in the solution, respectively, were removed in an electrolytic cell using a graphite anode. We employed the recovered EDTA and treated washing solution to prepare recycled soil washing solution with the same potential for extracting toxic metals from soil as the original. The efficiency of soil washing depends on the EDTA concentration. Using twice recycled 30 mmol EDTA kg−1 soil, we removed 44%, 20%, 53% and 61% of Pb, Zn, Cd and As, respectively, from contaminated soil. 相似文献
10.
Dariusz Guziejewski Mariola Brycht Agnieszka Nosal-Wiercińska Sylwia Smarzewska Witold Ciesielski Sławomira Skrzypek 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):550-556
The electrochemical behavior of new generation fungicide acibenzolar-s-methyl (S-methyl 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole-7-carbothioate, ASM) on the hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) was investigated using square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry. This method of determination is based on the irreversible reduction of ASM at the HMDE. The well-defined ASM peak was observed at ?0.4 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in BR buffer at pH 2.2. The reduction peak current was proportional to concentration of ASM from 1.0 × 10?8 to 6.0 × 10?8 mol L?1 with detection and quantification limit 3.0 × 10?9 and 1.0 × 10?8 mol L?1, respectively. The applicability of the developed method for analysis of spiked samples of tap water, river water, and soil is illustrated. The effect of adsorption on the mercury electrode was studied in detail using the AC impedance method. Possible interferences with other common pesticides and heavy metal ions were examined. Clarification of the electrode mechanism was made using cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. 相似文献