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排序方式: 共有292条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The emission of the dioxin-like compounds from on-site waste incinerators of seven schools in Kyonggi Province of Korea was evaluated by determination of the cytochrome P4501A(CYP1A) catalytic activity and antiestrogenic activity using cell culturemicrobioassay. The residue samples were extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus using toluene for 20 hr. The concentrated crude extractswere fractionated with a basic alumina column. Dioxin-like compounds were then extracted. Induction of CYP1A activity in a rat(H4IIE) hepatoma cell line was used as indicator of biologicaleffect of incinerator residues and measured as 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD) activities. The EROD activities of fraction II extracts (one of the two extracts) in the H4IIE cells were from 0.044±0.002 to 4.424±0.351 ng-TEQ g-1 (TCDD Toxicity equivalent), showing relatively high inducing capacity. Antisetrogenicity of the extracts was measured as decrease in E2-induced cell proliferation. Most of the extracts showed antiestrogenic activity in MCF7-BUS cell.The TEQ levels of the incinerator residues and the antiestrogenicactivities were in good correlation, strongly suggesting that thepotent toxic emissions were indeed produced from the on-site school waste semi-incinerators and could cause the antiestrogenicity. 相似文献
2.
Wong MY Sauser KR Chung KT Wong TY Liu JK 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2001,67(3):361-378
The green alga Selenastrum capricornutum expresses a uniqueascorbate peroxidase, that responds to copper and lead. Attemptswere made to test if this peroxidase could be used to monitor thelevels of copper and lead in natural waters. When S.capricornutum was exposed to a stormwater sample, the specificactivity of the peroxidase in the cell extract was commensuratewith the combined copper and lead contents in the sample. Theperoxidase responses were also correlated with the 96 hr biomasstoxicity assay of S. capricornutum. However, unlike thebiomass toxicity assay, the peroxidase activity was not affectedby the anions in the samples. The use of this peroxidase can beused as a marker for testing heavy metal toxicity in the water. 相似文献
3.
Jiang Xue-Gong Shen Jian-Guo Liu Jing-Tao Chung Yong-Seung 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2003,3(2):191-212
By using observational data and MM5, an observational analysisand numerical study was conducted on the synoptic condition of a severe dust storm that was caused by a Mongolian cyclone whichoccurred from 6 to 8 April 2001. Results illustrated thatthe cyclogenesis was due to the isentropic potential vorticity (IPV) advection in the upper troposphere and the terrain modifiedbaroclinicity in the mid-lower troposphere. The Altai-Sayan complex of mountains blocked the lower level cold air and made the isentropic surface sharply steep. When the air slid down along the isentropic surface the increasing of baroclinicity anddecreasing of stability blew up the vertical vorticity development.The formation of the dust storm was a result of a cyclonic cold front passing across the area. The occurrence of this dust stormwas closely related to the strong surface wind, which was accompanied by a cold front passing, rather than the cyclogenesis, itself. Hence, the reason for the pre-front dust storm formulation was the formation of heating convection. Reasons behind the formation of a black storm (visibilitylower than 50 m), which occurred in the mid-north part ofInner Mongolia, lay in several aspects. Firstly, in thisarea the surface wind was strong, a direct result of thedownward transport in mid-lower troposphere. Secondly,the cold front passed over the effected area near sunsetso the air obtained much more surface heating to form adeeper mixed layer (ML). Thirdly, cooperation between thelower level wind and the terrain made the atmosphere inthis area and acquired the maximum advective contributionnecessary to form a deep post-front ML. The sensitivityexperiment revealed that surface heat flux was important to the frontal lifting. In addition, the forcing of surface heating wasalso seen as the primary forcing mechanism of frontogenesis. Meanwhile, removal of the surface heat flux made the atmosphericstratification became stable and the pre-storm ML very shallow,which weakened the strength of the dust storm. 相似文献
4.
Wang Xu Ma Yu Chen Hongwu Wen Gang Chen Shoujun Tao Zuyu Chung Yong-Seung 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2003,3(2):67-79
With observational data spanning 1961–1999 from 90 meteorological stations in Xinjiang, China, the spatial and temporal characteristics of sandstorms and strong winds, and the contribution of strong winds to the occurrence of sandstormsare analyzed. Moreover, the dominant wind direction and minimumwind speeds during sandstorm periods are discussed. The research shows that although possessing similar climatic trends, sandstorms and strong winds in Xinjiang have opposite geographical distributions, i.e. places with more sandstorms show fewer strong winds. The contribution of strongwinds to sandstorms in northern Xinjiang is larger than that insouthern Xinjiang. The dominant wind directions clearly indicatethe paths of the weather systems that introduced the sandstorms.The minimum wind speeds in the sandstorms were over 10 ms-1in northern and eastern Xinjiang and in the Turpan and Yanqi Basins of southern Xinjiang. In Tarim Basin of southern Xinjiang,however, the minimum wind speed was about 6–8 ms-1, and even 6 ms-1 at its southern edge. 相似文献
5.
中美煤矿安全比较与借鉴 总被引:8,自引:4,他引:8
中国和美国都是煤炭生产和消费大国,但是中国的煤矿安全却与美国存在巨大差距。笔者首先从两国历年来煤矿安全数据分析入手,认为:美国煤矿安全经历了严重恶化、小幅波动和安全稳定3个阶段;而中国的煤矿经历了改革开放前大起大落和其后的小幅波动两个阶段,迄今为止,还没有进入安全稳定时期。然后从法规、监察、采矿权、安全投入、矿工及工会、教育及培训、科技进步等7个方面对两国的煤矿安全进行了比较。最后,借鉴美国进入第3阶段的成功经验,提出一些改善中国煤矿安全的相应对策建议,如完善法规、加强监管、明晰采矿权、设立安全投入预算资金、改善矿工的弱势地位、加强教育与培训、依靠科技进步等。 相似文献
6.
7.
Jagannadha Rao Matta John Kerr Kimberly Chung 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2005,48(4):475-490
Despite the critical role of government agencies in decentralizing natural resource governance, little work to date has focused on the organizational aspects of the responsible government bureaucracies. Based on a qualitative investigation of the perspectives of Forest Department employees involved in India's Joint Forest Management (JFM) program, this paper aims to provide an understanding of these internal dynamics. Elaborating on why bureaucracies with a learning orientation are essential if participatory natural resource management is to succeed, the paper underlines the constraints to transforming forest agencies' hierarchical work cultures. Foresters describe JFM as a radical departure from traditional forest governance, but suggest that corresponding transformation within the Forest Department has not occurred. Foresters cite as reasons: (1) a target-based incentive system that leaves little room for establishing the relationships with local people needed for collaborative management; (2) rigid rules and regulations that prevent the flexibility needed for adaptive, site-specific problem-solving; (3) a hierarchical, top-down style of communication that prevents the upper administration from learning what is happening on the ground and stifles initiative by field staff; (4) the need for a committed leadership to reverse this hierarchical culture. They point to the few such team-oriented leaders as the key to transforming the Forest Department and enabling participatory forest management to succeed. The authors also recommend accompanying changes in training and reward systems. 相似文献
8.
Dust storms frequently occur in Mongolia and in northern China. Each year there are 30 to 120 dusty days in source regions of Mongolia and 14–20 dusty days on the Korean Peninsula. Intense sand storms and associated dust falls produce environmental impacts in East Asia. This paper discusses the environmental degradation in Mongolia and the social, economic and atmospheric impacts of dust storms in the sink area. The impact of dust storms on environmental compartments as well as their direct and indirect consequences to basic resources like water and energy demand and supply is explained. Governments are encouraged to take appropriate action in specified regions. For monitoring dust storms there is a need for international cooperation to combat growing environmental and human security concerns. 相似文献
9.
Hospital wastes are infectious wastes generated in hospitals and need to be disposed in such a way that they do not spread
disease. In this experiment, 5, 10, 15 and 20% cow manure (CM) were mixed with hospital wastes (HW), and mixed wastes were
subjected to vermicomposting. In control treatment, only HW was used for vermicomposting. Results suggested that significantly
(P ≤ 0.05) higher total nitrogen content was recorded in vermicomposts when 10% or more CM was added to HW. Higher mineralization
rate (decrease in C/N ratio) and cellulase activity is probably responsible for rapid organic matter decomposition (loss of
total organic carbon). Ergosterol content i.e., total fungal biomass and cellulolytic fungal population were almost constant
initially, but increased in the latter stage of vermicomposting. All the vermicompost samples, prepared in this experiment,
showed the absence of coliform bacteria. Therefore, it could be concluded that 10% CM addition with HW was the most economical
to obtain best quality vermicompost in terms of nutrient content and microbial status. 相似文献
10.
Tsai Tsung-Ying Lo Li-Wei Liu Shin-Huei Cheng Wen-Han Chou Yu-Hui Lin Wei-Lun Lin Yenn-Jiang Chang Shih-Lin Hu Yu-Feng Chung Fa-Po Liao Jo-Nan Chao Tze-Fan Lo Men-Tzung Yang Hui-Wen Chen Shih-Ann 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(9):10931-10939
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - There is a delayed (lag 1 to 2 days) correlation between acute PM 2.5 (particulate matter <?2.5 μm in aerodynamic... 相似文献