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Examining Hazard Mitigation Within the Context of Public Goods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Reddy SD 《Environmental management》2000,25(2):129-141
/ This paper presents a case study of an American barrier island devastated by a hurricane to show how it is addressing the free-riding problem and protecting its public goods, thereby contributing to hazard mitigation. It examines hazard mitigation and the free-riding problem within the public goods framework. Free-riding is a term used in the public choice theory and common pool resource literature. It is a term used for describing the actions of rational individuals who freely exploit a collective or public good at the expense of others. Free-riding is a major problem faced by public goods. The problem very frequently occurs in the context of hazard mitigation and coastal resource management. Very little is known about the factors that contribute to the promotion of hazard mitigation. This paper identifies some of the important factors that help local institutions provide and sustain hazard mitigation measures. Theoretical and practical implications for hazards research and disaster management policy are presented. 相似文献
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Kumar KS Swaroop BL Suvardhan K Rekha D Jayaraj B Chiranjeevi P 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,122(1-3):1-8
A novel reagent was introduced for the facile and sensitive spectrophotometric determination of syntheitic pyrethroids in their formulations (fenvalerate, cypermethrin and decamethrin), water and grain samples. These methods were based on the hydrolysis of synthetic pyrethroids under the alkaline conditions to form respective aldehyde groups. These groups were condensation with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrochloride (MBTH) to yield color derivatives having λmax at 520 nm for fenvalerate, 516 nm for cypermethrin and 512 nm for decamethrin. The proposed method could be successfully applied for the determination of synthetic pyrethroids in their formulations, water and grain samples. 相似文献
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Devendra Swaroop Bhargava 《The Environmentalist》2009,29(4):411-420
Predictive models for dissolved oxygen deficit have been developed based on an exponential form of expression for the equivalent
linear removal of the settleable component of biochemical oxygen demand. These models are more convenient to use than other
models because they are applicable for any distance from the outfall and for point and non-point wastewater discharge conditions. 相似文献
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BL Turner II Patrick Meyfroidt Tobias Kuemmerle Daniel Müller Rinku Roy Chowdhury 《Journal of Land Use Science》2020,15(4):489-508
ABSTRACT Land system science and affiliated research linked to sustainability require improved understanding and theorization of land and its change as a social-ecological system (SES). The absence of a general land-use theory, anchored in the social subsystem but with explicit links to the environmental subsystem, hampers this effort. Drawing on land-use explanations, meta-analyses, and associated frameworks, we advance a broad framework structure of eight elements – aggregations of explanatory variables – with links to the biophysical subsystem, for systematic comparisons of extant explanations. Tests and models can be employed to identify which set of variables and their configurations provide robust explanations of across land uses, identifying the potential for theory development. The framework and its application are applicable to both top-down and bottom-up explanatory approaches employed in the social sciences. Links to the environmental subsystem invite future exploration of SES explanations that reach across the different dimensions of global change and sustainability science. 相似文献
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Padole Mrunalini Gharde Swaroop Kandasubramanian Balasubramanian 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(34):46356-46366
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nature always astonishes us with its marvelous creations which act as a model for acquiring a solution to complex human problems, this practice of... 相似文献
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Devendra Swaroop Bhargava 《The Environmentalist》2008,28(2):128-136
The classical Streeter–Phelps models for Dissolved oxygen (DO) sag do not account for a significantly settleable portion (about
10% in treated to about 60% in the untreated wastewater discharged) of the total biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) inputs into
rivers through wastewater outfalls, and therefore, they can not be used to predict the DO sag to any accuracy and rationality.
The author’s rationally composited model for an accurate prediction of stream BOD, accounting for near linear removal of settleable
BOD as well as simultaneous exponential decay of the non-settleable BOD, is used to predict the DO sag resulting from a multi-wastewater-outfall
system, wherein the settling fields of some of the outfalls interfere and overlap. An illustrative case example has been presented
to demonstrate use of the models evolved under varying locations of the multi-wastewater-outfalls. A universal and integrated
PC based computer program can also be evolved for the computation of the overall resultant DO sag to confirm the manually
computed DO sag. 相似文献
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