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1.
本研究依托复旦大学意愿—习惯垃圾分类行为理论对上海市不同区域、不同类型的55个社区进行大范围调研,识别出包括设施、志愿者、保洁员、启动、定时定点、租户、管理和绿色账号在内的8个社区内影响居民垃圾分类效果的关键措施指标,并且通过指标与社区实际分类效果的相关性结果证明了该指标体系的有效性。研究结果还表明,上海市社区内影响垃圾分类效果的最主要的措施指标是硬件设施、保洁人员、“定时定点”制度和志愿者。研究结果一方面可以供上海市基层政府人员使用指标体系来进行监督,另一方面也为社区因地制宜地采取措施来提高和巩固社区垃圾分类效果提供了具体的科学支撑。 相似文献
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活化赤泥吸附除磷及其机理的研究 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
以铝矿工业赤泥为原材料,采用酸活化、焙烧活化、热酸活化方法进行活化处理,得到除磷吸附剂,考察了pH值、反应时间和磷初始浓度等因素对除磷吸附剂吸附效果的影响.结果表明,活化赤泥具有较好的除磷能力,酸活化赤泥和焙烧活化赤泥对磷的饱和吸附量分别为155.2、144.2 mg·g-1.热酸活化赤泥除磷能力更强,其对磷的饱和吸附量可达202.9 mg·g~,经过热酸活化后的赤泥即使在pH值波动较大时也能很好处理高浓度含磷废水.溶液pH显著影响磷去除效果,在pH为7时得到最大去除量. 相似文献
3.
铁改性赤泥吸附剂的制备及其除砷性能研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以氧化铝生产废渣--赤泥为原料,采用铁盐改性处理制备了新型羟基铁包覆型赤泥除砷吸附剂.研究考察了吸附剂吸附砷效能、投加量、吸附时间和pH值对吸附除砷效果的影响;采用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(IR)、比表面积(BET)等仪器对吸附剂进行了表征,并探讨了吸附机制.结果表明,铁盐改性赤泥吸附剂对As(V)具有显著吸附效能,在pH为7,初始砷浓度为1 mg·L-1,铁盐改性赤泥吸附剂饱和吸附容量为50.6mg·g-1时,除砷率高达99.9%,吸附后出水砷含量可达到0.01 mg·L-1以下,吸附规律符合Langmuir等温方程式;溶液pH值显著影响砷去除效果,吸附机制主要为羟基铁的表面吸附机制;吸附后的吸附剂可通过NaOH溶液再生,脱附率达到92.1%. 相似文献
4.
Li Jintao Jiang Changjun Xing Zhanjun 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(8):12151-12168
Environment, Development and Sustainability - With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization and the continuous improvement of social productivity, people are increasingly... 相似文献
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Dynamics of the lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, China, since late nineteenth century 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lijuan Cui Changjun Gao Xinsheng Zhao Qiongfang Ma Manyin Zhang Wei Li Hongtao Song Yifei Wang Shengnan Li Yan Zhang 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(5):4005-4018
The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin have the most representative and largest concentration of freshwater lakes in China. However, the size and number of these lakes have changed considerably over the past century due to the natural and anthropogenic impact. The lakes, larger than 10 km2 in size, were chosen from relief maps and remotely sensed images in 1875, 1950, 1970, 1990, 2000, and 2008 to study the dynamics of lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin and to examine the causes and consequences of these changes. Results indicated that there was a dramatic reduction in lake areas, which decreased by 7,841.2 km2 (42.64 %) during the study period (1875–2008), and the number of lakes in this region changed moderately. Meanwhile, a large number of lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin were directly converted into paddy fields, ponds, building lands, or other land-use types over the study period. Therefore, all kinds of lake reclamation should be identified as the major driving factors for the loss of lake in this region. Furthermore, flooding, soil erosion, and sedimentation were also the main factors which triggered lake changes in different periods. Some wetland conservation and restoration projects have been implemented since the 1970s, but they have not reversed the lake degradation. These findings were of great importance to managers involved in making policy for the conservation of lake ecosystems and the utilization of lake resources. 相似文献
7.
Richao Cong Toru Matsumoto Wenchao Li He Xu Takamasa Hayashi Changjun Wang 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2017,19(4):1423-1436
With the rapid economic development in China, the amount of plastic waste (PW) generated has greatly increased and much of the waste is currently not treated. To reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from recycling of PW, we estimated the PW flow and considered methods to improve the household PW recycling system in Tianjin by adjusting processes during transportation and establishing a PW recycling factory in Zi’ya Industrial Park. The goal of the study was to identify reasonable improvements for the recycling system and clarify the environmental load. Geographic information system (GIS) technology was used to simulate transport processes for comparing GHG emissions from the transport processes between the present case and an improved case. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to compare GHG emissions between a projected scenario and a baseline scenario. Estimated GHG emissions during transport processes in the improved case were reduced by about 12,197 t CO2 eq per year compared to the present case, equivalent to about 65.9 % of the total emissions in the present case. GHG emissions in the projected scenario were about 101,738 t CO2 eq less per year than the baseline scenario, equivalent to about 75.5 % of the total emissions in the baseline scenario. 相似文献
8.
采用蔗糖作为共代谢基质与一体式好氧膜生物反应器(MBR)工艺相结合处理二甲基亚砜(DMSO)废水。考察了装置的污泥驯化效果、DMSO去除率、污泥的性能、HRT和冲击负荷对DMSO去除率的影响。试验结果表明:驯化第29天,DMSO去除率达98.5%,表明MBR内的污泥已驯化成功;在MBR运行的正式期,当DMSO处于高负荷状态时,DMSO去除率较低;随蔗糖加入量的增加,DMSO去除率逐渐提高,最终恢复到DMSO高负荷冲击前的DMSO去除效果;正常运行时,装置进水ρ(DMSO)=257~1 448 mg/L(平均值为718 mg/L)、出水ρ(DMSO)=6~22 mg/L(平均值为7 mg/L),DMSO去除率为96.4%~99.6%(平均值为98.9%);在MBR运行的正式期,污泥体积指数小于100 mL/g,表明污泥的沉降性能较好,MLVSS/MLSS较高,表明污泥的活性高,MBR内MLSS的平均值为5.52 g/L,MLVSS的平均值为4.78 g/L;MBR适宜的HRT为12 h。 相似文献
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在构建土地利用系统安全性评价指标体系的基础上,结合基于TOPSIS算法的DPSIR模型对2006—2015年"丝绸之路经济带"范围内中国九个地区进行土地利用系统安全性分析。同时借助障碍度诊断模型分析影响区域系统安全性提升的阻碍因子,并运用最小方差法(LSE)对区域土地利用系统进行系统阻力类型划分。结果表明:(1)研究区域土地利用系统安全指数全部位于0.20—0.60,即处于不安全状态和临界状态,距离安全状态仍有一定差距。(2)不同阻碍因子对不同地区影响作用有所不同,障碍因子由经济发展、社会投资、技术等基础方面转向土地资源和环境生态等方面,未来应针对不同地区的不同障碍因子制定具有差别化的缓解土地资源环境压力的政策。(3)研究期初和期末的区域土地利用系统阻力主要分为四系统阻力模式、五系统阻力模式,大部分研究地区由期初的D-S-I-R阻力型转变为期末的D-P-S-I阻力型,压力子系统阻力作用越来越突出。 相似文献