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Leal Filho Walter Price Elizabeth Wall Tony Shiel Chris Azeiteiro Ulisses M. Mifsud Mark Brandli Luciana Farinha Carla Sofia Caeiro Sandra Salvia Amanda Lange Vasconcelos Claudio Ruy de Sousa Luiza Olim Pace Paul Doni Federica Veiga Avila Lucas Fritzen Bárbara LeVasseur Todd Jared 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(8):11257-11278
Environment, Development and Sustainability - The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global crisis, one which also influences the ways sustainability is being taught at universities. This paper... 相似文献
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Freitas MC Farinha MM Ventura MG Almeida SM Reis MA Pacheco AM 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,109(1-3):81-95
This paper describes concentration amounts of arsenic (As), particulate mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) in PM10 and PM2.5, collected since 1993 by the Technological and Nuclear Institute (ITN) at different locations in mainland Portugal, featuring
urban, industrial and rural environments, and a control as well. Most results were obtained in the vicinity of coal- and oil-fired
power plants. Airborne mass concentrations were determined by gravimetry. As and Hg concentrations were obtained through instrumental
neutron activation analysis (INAA), and Ni and Pb concentrations through proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). Comparison
with the EU (European Union) and the US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) directives for Ambient Air has
been carried out, even though the sampling protocols herein – set within the framework of ITN's R&D projects and/or monitoring
contracts – were not consistent with the former regulations. Taking this into account, 1) the EU daily limit for PM10 was exceeded a few times in all sites except the control, even if the number of times was still inferior to the allowed one;
2) the EU annual mean for PM10 was exceeded at one site; 3) the EPA daily limit for PM2.5 was exceeded one time at three sites; 4) the EPA annual mean for PM2.5 was exceeded at most sites; 5) the inner-Lisboa site approached or exceeded the legislated PMs; 6) Pb levels stayed far below
the EU limit value; and 7) concentrations of As, Ni and Hg were also far less than the reference values adopted by EU. In
every location, Ni appeared more concentrated in PM2.5 than in coarser particles, and its levels were not that different from site to site, excluding the control. The highest As
and Hg concentrations were found in the neighbourhood of the coal-fired, utility power plants. The results may be viewed as
a “worst-case scenario” of atmospheric pollution, since they have been obtained in busy urban-industrial areas and/or near
major power-generation and waste-incineration facilities. 相似文献
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