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An efficient, reproducible and rapid fused silica capillary column gas chromatographic method, in splitless mode, for analysing of the three chloroanthracene isomers is described. The method affords efficient separation and good linearity for each isomer in the range of 0.2 -200 μg/ml. The method can also be used in separation and determination of another thirty three aromatic and their halosubstituted compounds. This paper also presents the applications of the method in analysing of complex products mixture from reaction of the selected aromatic compounds with hydrogen chloride on fly ash surface from municipal incinerator. 相似文献
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雷州半岛地区磷肥高效利用技术及其应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在研究雷州半岛土壤特殊的强固磷机理基础上,以改性的工农业废弃物作为活化剂,活化磷矿粉制得高效磷肥,不仅利用了废弃物资源,变废为宝,而且节省了硫酸资源,降低了肥料成本。在雷州半岛不同地区,以西瓜、甘蔗、辣椒、水稻为供试作物,以过磷酸钙为对照,在等质量(低成本)条件下进行了大量的田间试验,结果表明,除水稻产量持平外,其他作物均表现出明显的增产效果,增产幅度在3%-22%之间,且产品品质改善。因此,高效磷肥在雷州半岛地区有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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基于黄土高原1961—2008年月平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、相对湿度、降水量、风速和日照百分率等气候要素资料,应用修订的Penman-Monteith(P-M)模型计算了最大可能蒸散量,分析其时空分布、异常分布特征和次区域时间演变特征。结果表明:1961—2008年间,黄土高原最大可能蒸散量多年平均在400~800 mm之间,大部分区域650~750 mm之间。一致性异常分布是黄土高原最大可能蒸散量的最主要空间模态。黄土高原最大可能蒸散量的异常空间分布可分为以下3个关键区:高原西北部区、高原东北部区和高原东南部区。高原西北部区域最大可能蒸散量呈显著增加趋势,且发生了突变现象;高原东北部区域最大可能蒸散量呈显著下降的趋势,也发生了突变;而高原东南部区域下降趋势不显著,未发生突变。黄土高原最大可能蒸散量的3个空间分区中,3 a的周期振荡表现得比较显著。 相似文献
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Zhuang Yahui Zhang Hongxun Wang Xiaoke & Li Changsheng Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences PO Box Beijing China Institute for the Study of Earth Oceans and Space University of New Hampshire Durham NH U.S.A. 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2004,(3)
The report summarizes surveys on carbon inventories and initiatives on sustainable carbon cycling taken by the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, where the authors work/worked. The first part of the report, which appeared in the preceding issue of this journal, deals with the concept of sustainable carbon cycling, the historic evolution of carbon cycling processes in China, carbon pool enhancement, value addition, carbon sequestration and carbon balance. This very paper, as the second part of the report, covers the results of carbon dynamics modeling, emission inventories of various carbon-containing greenhouse gases and their potential abatement measures. 相似文献
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Philip New Alastair Brown Andrew Oliphant Philip Burchell Adam Smith Sven Thatje 《Marine Biology》2014,161(3):697-709
Anthropogenic effects on marine ecosystems (e.g. hypoxia, warming) at and beyond continental margins are assumed to affect physiological and biochemical boundaries to species’ distributions, potentially leading to habitat contraction across depth. Whether or not shallow-water benthic invertebrates are capable of undergoing depth-related migrations in response to such perturbations remains largely unknown. The few studies available have focused solely on whether colonisation of deep waters may be ongoing and on the ability of shallow-water species to tolerate low temperatures and high hydrostatic pressures: two physical parameters, which are thought to limit the depth range of a species. Those studies did not consider the effects of acclimation to low temperature and, especially, acclimation to high hydrostatic pressure on pressure tolerance. We demonstrate that acclimation to both low temperature (5 °C) and to high hydrostatic pressure (10 MPa) increases the pressure tolerance within the shallow-water shrimp Palaemonetes varians. Previous studies have demonstrated the impressive temperature and pressure tolerance of this shallow-water shrimp. Here, we provide evidence that a shallow-water species may acclimate to low temperature and high pressure and show greater pressure tolerance, suggesting that shallow-water organisms may be able to rapidly—and potentially stepwise—acclimate to the low temperature and high pressure conditions typical of the deep sea. These findings are of importance for understanding phylogenetic development from shallow- to deep-water species and the processes behind past, present and future bathymetric range shifts in species. 相似文献
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Cochrane Logan Cundill Georgina Ludi Eva New Mark Nicholls Robert J. Wester Philippus Cantin Bernard Murali Kallur Subrammanyam Leone Michele Kituyi Evans Landry Marie-Eve 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(5):1553-1561
Regional Environmental Change - The reality of global climate change demands novel approaches to science that are reflective of the scales at which changes are likely to occur, and of the new forms... 相似文献
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Climate change impact assessment is subject to a range of uncertainties due to both incomplete and unknowable knowledge. This
paper presents an approach to quantifying some of these uncertainties within a probabilistic framework. A hierarchical impact
model is developed that addresses uncertainty about future greenhouse gas emissions, the climate sensitivity, and limitations
and unpredictability in general circulation models. The hierarchical model is used in Bayesian Monte-Carlo simulations to
define posterior probability distributions for changes in seasonal-mean temperature and precipitation over the United Kingdom
that are conditional on prior distributions for the model parameters. The application of this approach to an impact model
is demonstrated using a hydrological example.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Mark J. Utell Rochester New York Paul E. Morrow 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):931-935
Recent epidemiologic studies have emphasized a relationship between alteration in lung function, respiratory symptoms in asthmatics, and elevated levels of sulfate air pollutants. In asthmatics, it has been reported that 1) the more acidic sulfate aerosols, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and ammonium bisulfate (NH4HSO4), provoked the greatest changes in lung function and 2) a definite exposure-response relationship exists for H2SO4 inhalation. To determine if sulfate aerosol exposure caused increased reactivity to a known bronchoconstrictor, normal and asthmatic subjects inhaled subthreshold doses of carbachol after the following sulfates: H2SO4, NH4HSO4, and sodium bisulfate. A NaCI aerosol served as a control. Exposure times averaged 16 minutes with sulfate concentrations ranging from 100 μ/m3 to 1000 jtg/m3. In normal subjects, prior inhalation of either 1000 yug/m3 H2SO4 or NH4HSO4 significantly potentiated (P < 0.05) the bronchoconstrictor action of carbachol on airway conductance compared to NaCI and carbachol or carbachol alone by t-tests. For the asthmatic group, prior inhalation of either 1000/tg/m3 H2SO4 or NH4HSO4 (P < 0.05), or 450 μ/m3 H2SO4 (P < 0.05) similarly enhanced the carbachol bronchoconstrictor effect compared to NaCI and carbachol. At the low 100 μ/m3, no sulfates altered the effects of carbachol on pulmonary function. Although mean changes between the sulfate groups did not attain significance by an analysis of variance, it was found that the bronchoconstrictor action of carbachol was potentiated by the sulfate aerosols more or less in relation to their acidity. 相似文献
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