初始温度和压力对排污空间甲烷-空气混合物爆燃特性影响的模拟研究

市政排污空间作为城市公共基础设施的重要组成部分，易积聚可燃气体形成爆炸性环境。结合排污空间的特殊环境条件，采用Fluidyn-MP多物理场数值模拟软件，建立了20 L球形爆炸罐分析模型，通过改变初始温度和初始压力，对排污空间甲烷-空气混合物爆燃特性及其变化规律进行模拟研究。结果表明:初始温度升高导致甲烷-空气混合物最大爆炸压力降低，缩短了到达最大爆炸压力的时间；初始压力增加导致最大爆炸压力急剧升高，并延长了到达最大爆炸压力的时间；最大爆炸压力对初始压力的敏感程度远大于初始温度的影响。此外，随着初始温度和初始压力的升高，爆炸火焰平均传播速度增加，而火焰传播速度对初始温度较敏感。     

长江口海域生态环境状况及保护对策

为加快推进长江口海域的生态环境保护和修复工作,结合长江经济带大保护,系统总结分析了近20年长江口环境质量和生态监控区的监测结果.结果表明:①长江口海域生态系统长期处于亚健康状态.②长江径流总量呈现波动变化,年均流量无明显的变化,而长江口海域海水环境状况一直较差.③营养盐污染严重,主要污染物是无机氮和活性磷酸盐;浮游生物和底栖生物群落结构不稳定,存在生境破碎化严重、外来生物入侵、赤潮频发、低氧区等诸多生态问题.为加强长江口海域生态环境的保护与修复,建议:①加强顶层设计,推进落实陆海统筹;②科学规划临港产业布局,加强涉海产业的污染管理;③加强污染物入海排放管控,提升海洋环境保护意识;④保障海洋生态建设资金,强化海洋生态保护与建设.      

Arsenic compounds in the haemolymph of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, as determined by using HPLC on-line with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Arsenobetaine, two arsenosugars, dimethylarsinate and several unidentified arsenic species were detected in extracts of the haemolymph of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, by using HPLC-ICP-MS. This is the first report of the presence of arsenosugars in the haemolymph/blood of marine animals. Total, extractable and residual arsenic concentrations were determined by ICP-MS. The concentration of total arsenic was in the range of 1.4-3.8 [micro sign]g ml(-1). Nearly all (98%) the arsenic was found to be extractable, and accounted for primarily by arsenobetaine, two arsenosugars and dimethylarsinate. The results demonstrate that arsenic compounds present in the diet of crabs are not fully metabolized in the gut. They are, at least partly, taken up into the haemolymph. The concurrence of arsenobetaine and arsenosugars suggests that the use of repeated haemolymph sampling in crustaceans could facilitate investigations into the kinetics of the biotransformation pathways of arsenic compounds. Finally, the present study clearly demonstrates the unique capabilities of HPLC-ICP-MS for the detection and identification of minor arsenic components amongst the predominant arsenobetaine.     

城市高架道路建设对机动车尾气污染的影响分析

通过现场观测和对比，分析了城市一般道路上和城市高架道路下机动车排放污染物浓度差异的原因，分析结果表明，扩散条件对城市机动车尾气污染有着重要影响，例举日本对城市高架道路建设的有关规定，提出应重视城市高架道路建设的环境预评估等。     

赣南数字地震台网近震分析与震情速报

震相识别与分析是地震预报与速报的基础.为识别赣南地区的震相,用震例统计和实例说明了不同距离,不同方位,不同类型的地震震相特征、地震震相与爆破波形的区别,并阐述了如何快速、准确地对有感地震进行速报.     

推行清洁生产实现可持续发展

对集团公司全面开展清洁生产的情况做了综述和总结，几年来的清洁生产实践表明，清洁生产促进了石化企业的发展，同时降低了废物排放，取得了明显的成果。清洁生产是保护环境的有力手段，也是实施可持续发展战略的重要措施     

放射性核素在海水、底质及海洋生物间的转移--Ⅰ.核素进入海水后的初始状态

作者在建立的人工小生境中,研究了具有生态学意义的~(137)Cs、~(134)Cs、~(65)Zn、~(60)Co、~(59)Fe、~(54)Mn等核素在海水、底质及海洋生物间的转移规律.本文是该项研究的第一部分,研究悬浮物、底质对核素的富集和吸附,考察了核素进入海水后的初始状态.     

商厦火灾危险性评价研究

商厦火灾是火灾中危害性较大的灾害之一，常常造成人员的大量伤亡和巨大的财产损失。商厦火灾危险性评价是一个减少火灾危险性的可行方法。在基于影响商厦火灾危险性因素之上，讨论了评价指标体系的建立及量化和权重的处理方法，然后应用模糊数学理论建立了评价商厦火灾的模糊评价模型，对商厦火灾的预防与商厦消防管理具有指导意义。     

Difference of performance in response to disease admissions between daily time air quality indices and those derived from average and entropy functions

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Daily time air quality indices, which can reflect air quality in 1 day, are suitable for identifying daily exposure during conditions of poor...     

Review of Italian experience on automotive shredder residue characterization and management

Automotive Shredder Residue (ASR) is a special waste that can be classified as either hazardous or non hazardous depending on the amount of hazardous substances and on the features of leachate gathered from EN12457/2 test. However both the strict regulation concerning landfills and the EU targets related to End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) recovery and recycling rate to achieve by 2015 (Directive 2000/53/EC), will limit current landfilling practice and will impose an increased efficiency of ELVs valorization. The present paper considers ELVs context in Italy, taking into account ASRs physical–chemical features and current processing practice, focusing on the enhancement of secondary materials recovery. The application in waste-to-energy plants, cement kilns or metallurgical processes is also analyzed, with a particular attention to the possible connected environmental impacts. Pyrolysis and gasification are considered as emerging technologies although the only use of ASR is debatable; its mixing with other waste streams is gradually being applied in commercial processes. The environmental impacts of the processes are acceptable, but more supporting data are needed and the advantage over (co-)incineration remains to be proven.