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Ganji Maliheh Rabet Rahmat Sajadi Seyed Mojtaba 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(4):4566-4601
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Scheduling an integrated, detailed SC (supply chain) at the operational level is a crucial aspect of SCM (supply chain management). Simultaneous... 相似文献
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Chemically mediated communication is common in spiders but has been poorly studied in burrowing tarantulas. This study aimed
to determine whether chemical cues influence the behaviour of females of Brachypelma vagans, a Mexican species of tarantula, during encounters with previously inhabited burrows or with extracts from the silk of conspecific
females. In laboratory choice tests, female tarantulas entered a burrow that had previously been inhabited by a conspecific
female significantly more frequently than a burrow that had never been inhabited. The identity of the previous inhabitant
also affected the number of spiders that chose to enter a burrow. Spiders were quicker to choose and enter a burrow previously
inhabited by themselves than a burrow previously inhabited by a conspecific or a burrow that had not been previously inhabited.
Hexane, methanol and dichloromethane extracts of conspecific silk elicited different responses from female tarantulas when
extracts were placed on filter paper disks at one end of an experimental arena with a control filter paper disk, on to which
the corresponding solvent alone had been pipetted, placed on the other end of the arena. Spiders showed the strongest responses
to hexane extracts of silk, with a significant preference to move towards the hexane extract and a significantly greater period
of time spent in proximity to the hexane extract compared to the control disk. Overall and in contrast to expectations, tarantulas
were most strongly attracted to the cues left by other conspecific females. As encounters between B. vagans females usually lead to aggression and mortality of one of the participants, we conclude that chemical cues are not signals
that are deliberately released by burrow-inhabiting females but may inadvertently escape and cannot be easily suppressed. 相似文献
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Salima Machkour-MRabet Yann Hénaut Pierre Charruau Muriel Gevrey Peter Winterton Luc Legal 《Marine Biology》2009,156(6):1321-1333
Habitat loss and degradation in the Mexican Caribbean, caused by the development of tourism, have decreased the potential
nesting area for the American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) and have fragmented the populations of the Yucatan peninsula. Our study investigated five populations (three continental:
North, South, Sian Ka’an, and two insular: Cozumel, Banco Chinchorro) of C. acutus in the Mexican Caribbean using seven different inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers as tools for genetic variability
and population differentiation. Three classification methods were tested and compared: distance analysis, self-organizing
map, and Bayesian methods, to evaluate the resolution of each method with ISSR markers. The 77 loci selected revealed a high
variability between populations (polymorphism from 17% for Sian Ka’an to 75% for Banco Chinchorro) with a total polymorphism
of 84% and a global coefficient of gene differentiation (G
ST
) of 0.296, but low values of Nei’s Gene diversity (from 0.065 for Sian Ka’an to 0.233 for Banco Chinchorro). Our results
suggest elevated inbreeding in all local populations with higher indices for Banco Chinchorro and lower indices for Sian Ka’an.
Three independent classification methods gave similar results, and suggested that most continental individuals are admixtures,
with different levels of introgression, with the sympatric species Crocodylus moreletii. We propose that the islands/atolls remain the sole areas with genetically “pure” American crocodiles and we discuss these
results for future conservation of this endangered crocodile species. 相似文献
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