地震作用下浮放物体的运动研究

本文从浮放物体的基本运动方程出发,导出了浮放物体受震振动的运动参数表达式,它是用仿真技术研究浮放物体地震运动的基本公式.     

生物滴滤池净化二氯甲烷废气的实验研究

在φ50mm生物滴滤池内进行了二氯甲烷废气净化的实验研究.由工厂活性污泥经驯化培养得到菌种,进一步接种、在填料表面挂膜,接种和挂膜约需30d.滴滤池内装填聚丙烯散堆填料,废气和循环液在滴滤池内逆流操作,循环液pH值为7.0±0.5,温度维持在28.5±2℃的条件下,生物膜系统能较好地适应进口浓度的变化.在气体空床停留时间为15.7s、二氯甲烷进口浓度为0.7～3.12g/m³的范围内,去除效率为72.0%～99.1%.滴滤池中的酸性环境对二氯甲烷的降解具有明显抑制作用.     

Comprehensive evaluation of heavy metal contamination of sediment in Lake Dianchi by using modified AHP method and Cs dating

Through the use of general sampling and measurement by ¹³⁷ Cs dating, problems regarding the absence of monitoring data can easily be resolved. Further, weighted values need to be determined while Environment Quality Comprehensive Index (EQCI) is commonly used as applied in environmental quality comprehensive evaluation. In order to overcome the subjectivity in determining weights, the modified Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was designed. The modified AHP method involved the following key procedures: First, the parameters y_i1 and y_i2 were calculated based on the monitoring data; second, the factors were put in order according to the symbol and value of y_i1 and y_i2; third, the continuous odd integers, which represented the importance of factors, were given to factors according to their seating order; and, fourth, the factor weights were determined from the pair-wise comparison matrix calculated by the ratio of the given odd integers. Therefore, the weights were completely based on the monitoring data. In the present study, the comprehensive quality of sediments in five sections of Lake Dianchi were evaluated and the results indicated that the current contamination of sediments in each lake section is much more serious than at any other time in history.     

喷消石灰脱除垃圾焚烧炉尾气中HCl和SO2的试验研究

在日处理200t进口流化床垃圾焚烧炉上,进行烟气喷水降温加上喷消石灰粉末脱除尾气中的酸性气体HCl和SO2的试验研究,HCl和SO2浓度由布袋除尘器出口的在线气体分析仪测得,结果表明HCl和SO2的去除率在Ca/Cl摩尔比等于9时分别为80%和20%,说明该法消石灰利用率较低,宜改为半干法脱除HCl和SO2酸性气体,以便降低吸收剂用量,提高运行的经济性.     

阳离子染料废水的脱色方法及其机理的研究

本文以阳离子染料碱性品红为代表，采用ＰＦＡＳ混凝剂对其水溶液进行脱色处理，在处理过程加入适量的十二烷基苯磺酸钠做助剂，脱色率最高可达９９％以上。本文还研究ｐＨ值及盐效应对脱色率的影响。脱色机理的研究结果表明：阳离子染料在水溶液中与十二烷基苯磺酸钠之间发生化学作用，靠氢键及静电键结合，使原来带正电荷的阳离子染料粒子转变为带负电荷的粒子，再与带正电荷的ＰＦＡＳ混凝剂的胶体作用产生絮凝沉淀。     

In vitro EROD induction equivalency factors for the 10 PAHs generally monitored in risk assessment studies in The Netherlands

The ethoxy resorufin dealkylase (EROD) inducing potency of 10 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is measured in the H4IIE in vitro bioassay and the results are compared to those reported in literature. The selected PAHs varied considerably in their potency to induce EROD activity. Anthracene (Ant) and phenanthrene (Phe) showed consistently no response. Naphthalene (Nap) showed no or a very weak response on EROD activity. Fluoranthene (Fla) and benzo[g,h,i]perylene (BghiP) showed weak responses at the highest doses. The other PAHs, including indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IP), benz[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), chrysene (Chr) and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), showed full bell shaped dose-response curves. BaP EROD induction equivalency factors (BaP-1EF) were calculated and increased in the order Ant approximately Phe < Fla < Nap < BghiP < IP < BaA < BaP < Chr < BkF. Comparison of BaP-IEFs based on 50% effect concentration (EC50) or lowest effect concentration (LEC), yielded a significant relationship between both methods described by the equation log(BaPIEF(EC50) = 0.55 x log(BaPIEF(LEC)) + 0.07 (r2 = 0.913). BaP-IEFs as derived from our measurements and as reported in literature and measured in other in vitro assays deviated up to a factor of 17 among the different studies, but the potency rankings were comparable. For the PAH mixture as on average present in the human diet an overall tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-IEF of 1 x 10(-4) was estimated. The total PAH based TCDD induction equivalents (IEQ) intake then was calculated 300 pg/day, which is approximately 2 times higher then the PHAH based TCDD-EQ intake reported for humans.     

Performance of three-phase three-dimensional electrode reactor for the reduction of COD in simulated wastewater-containing phenol

The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from wastewater-containing phenol was investigated using three-phase three-dimensional electrode reactor. Special attention was paid to experimentally probe the performance of the reactor in COD removal in the process of repeated batch runs. The experimental results showed that the reactor could remove COD from phenol-containing wastewater much more efficiently than both granulated activated carbon (GAC) adsorption bed and conventional three-dimensional electrode. For 200th batch run, the three-phase three-dimensional electrode reactor with an airflow of 5 l min(-1) and a cell voltage of 30 V could remove 1350 ppm COD from the wastewater in 30 min while conventional three-dimensional electrode reactor with a same cell voltage and GAC adsorption bed with a same airflow only could remove 610 and 1000 ppm, respectively, at the same reaction duration. Although it was found that COD removal decreased with increasing repeated batch runs in our experimental range, due to adsorption saturation of GAC and electrode passivation, the extent of decrease for the three-phase three-dimensional electrode is much less than those for conventional three-dimensional electrodes and GAC adsorption beds. The passivated reactor could be partly re-activated by electrolysis in the presence of MnO2.     

溶剂气浮分离法的基础研究

本文研究了待分离物呈表面活性物系（甲基橙－十六烷基氯化吡啶、十六烷基氯化吡啶）和呈疏水性物系（铜－二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠、镍－丁二酮肟）的溶液气浮变化规律。红外光谱分析表明，分离效率的高低与有机相和气浮分离物相互作用的强弱不相关。通过高速摄影及计算证明，水相和有机相两相界面间的稳定的气泡层存在，它一方面使待分离物质在水相中的停留时间在大增加，另一方面又保护了已捕集的待分离物质，从而增加了气泡吸附总     

高浓度有机废液热值的探讨

探讨了采用ＣＯＤ理论值计算废液热值存在的误差，通过理论值与实测值的比较，提出了基于实测值的废液燃烧热值的计算公式；对于已知元素成份的废液，建议采用门德列夫公式计算废液的燃烧热值。     

Comparison of catalytic activity of two platinised TiO2 films towards the oxidation of organic pollutants

Two types of platinised TiO2 films, i.e., Pt-TiO2/ITO and Pt(TiO2)/ITO, were prepared by a procedure of dip-coating and subsequent photo-deposition, and photo-deposition and subsequent dip-coating, respectively. They were well characterized by DRS, XRD spectra, SEM microscopy and photoelectrochemical measurement. Their photocatalytic, dark catalytic and photoelectrocatalytic activities were investigated using formic acid as a model organic pollutants. Compared with pure TiO2/ITO film, the photocatalytic activity of the platinised TiO2 films were apparently improved. However, the improvement was considerably dependent on the preparation method of these films. Pt-TiO2/ITO not only possessed higher photocatalytic activity but also showed a dark catalytic activity towards HCOOH degradation. As a sequence, it was first emphasized that the dark catalytic effect of Pt-TiO2/ITO was partly responsible for degradation of formic acid in the photocatalytic oxidation process. Although the Pt(TiO2)/ITO film does not exhibit the dark catalytic activity, its photocatalytic degradation efficiencies towards HCOOH are higher than that of Pt-TiO2/ITO film. Therefore, in view of enhanced photocatalytic activity, the Pt(TiO2)/ITO was more favored than Pt-TiO2/ITO film.