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This paper presents results from the first phase of the socio-economic assessment of forest ecosystems in the Mid-Atlantic Integrated Assessment (MAIA). First, we present results of the analysis of changes in the distribution of human population and forest land use in the region. Then, trends in wood products employment and income between 1975–95 are used to examine the economic contributions of forest-based industries in the Mid-Atlantic region. Between 1970–90 the population of the MAIA region increased by 14% (4.3 million people) resulting in the average population density increasing by 25 people per square mile from 179 to 204 people per square mile. Nevertheless, population density was lower in large parts of the region in 1990 than in 1950. Although forests dominate the MAIA landscape, the trend is toward more people owning smaller forest land holdings, with developed lands increasing by 21% and rural lands decreasing by 2.64% between 1982–94. All of this suggests increasing forest fragmentation in all states of the region except New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Forest industry has been an important contributor to the economy of the MAIA region, producing an average of a quarter million jobs (2.03% of all wage employment) and generating $4.5 billion in wages and salaries each year between 1975–95. If recent trends continue, forest industry will continue to be an important source of employment and income for parts of some states in the MAIA region; however, the forest industry's importance relative to the entire mid-Atlantic economy will likely continue to decline in the 21st century. 相似文献
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Dash Devi Prasad Dash Aruna Kumar Sethi Narayan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(21):31252-31269
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Overutilized hydro-energy production through non-sustainable mode is detrimental for both the economy and the environment. Intermittent consumption of... 相似文献
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The activity levels of lactate dehydrogenase andlactic acid were assessed in various tissues of the fishduring exposure to lethal concentration of group-IIPyrethroids (deltamethrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate andfluvalinate) for a period of 72 hours. The results showedsteady increased levels in all the tissues (blood,muscle, brain and liver) with response patterncharacteristic of their own. The increased LDH activityand lactic acid levels indicate the shifting of aerobicglycolysis to anaerobiosis and its further utilizationfor energy production during adaptation to toxic stress. 相似文献
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Theerthagiri Jayaraman Karuppasamy K. Park Juhyeon Rahamathulla Nihila Kumari M. L. Aruna Souza Marciélli K. R. Cardoso Eduardo S. F. Murthy Arun Prasad Maia Gilberto Kim Hyun-Seok Choi Myong Yong 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(3):1555-1583
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The decrease in fossil fuel usage and the projected 28% increase in the global energy demand by 2040 are calling for advanced methods to convert modern biomass... 相似文献
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Dhanapakiam P Sampoorani V Kavitha M Ramasamy VK Chandrakala A Aruna KC 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2004,25(3):333-336
The major carp, Labeo rohita were exposed to (0.873%) lethal and sublethal (0.073%) concentrations of tannery effluent for 24h and 40 days respectively under static bioassay condition. The surface architecture of gill revealed severe damages such as : fusion and clumping in the middle and distal parts of the primary lamellae, swelling and deterioration of the cells. The interlamellar space was filled either with hyperplastic epithelial or mucous cells. Secondary lamellae lost their identity and appeared finger like in structure in the lethal concentration and necrosis was observed in the primary and secondary epithelium. Swelling of primary and secondary epithelial cells was evident in sublethal concentration. 相似文献
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India is known for the moral ethos of its people. Indian beliefs have been associated with compassion and respect for nature
and its creations since ages. The religious beliefs of Jain, Vedic and Buddhist traditions in India established the principles
of ecological harmony centuries ago. Indian religious and philosophical traditions embody the earliest concept of environmental
ethics. Some of the important traditional environmental beliefs prevalent in India in which nature has been valued are discussed
here. In Rajasthan, a desert state of India, the Khejri tree is valued for its moisture-retaining properties, and it is not
axed even if it comes between the constructions. The live example of this is cited in Salasar Balaji temple in Sikar district.
A Bishnoi cult of India inhabiting the Jodhpur region is known for wildlife protection specially the famous Black Buck that
is an endangered species. Some areas popularly known as sacred groves or orans that are dedicated to a local deity worshipped
by the inhabitants of that area are especially reserved for biodiversity conservation, and anthropogenic activities are completely
prohibited. These and many more similar examples show that traditional beliefs of Indian societies have got a deeper understanding
of the ecological system and have been completely integrated with nature to evolve sustainable lifestyle. 相似文献
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Mohanty M Pattnaik MM Mishra AK Patra HK 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(2):1015-1024
Mine waste water at South Kaliapani usually contains toxic levels of hexavalent Cr(VI). The present in situ study was conducted at South Kaliapani chromite mine area in Orissa state, India, to assess the phytoremediation ability
of three plants, namely, rice (Oryza sativa L.), paragrass (Brachiaria mutica), and an aquatic weed (Eichhornia crassipes), in attenuating Cr(VI) from mine waste water and to correlate the bio-concentration factors (BCF) of Cr. Water hyacinth
(E. crassipes) showed 24% to 54% reduction whereas paragrass (B. mutica) was able to reduce 18% to 33% of Cr(VI) from mine water. This reduction was studied over a period of 100 days of plant growth.
The reduction was observed through a passage of a sum total of 2,000 sq. ft. cultivated plots and ponds separately. Reduction
in Cr(VI) content in mine water varies with plant age as well as with the distance of passage. Cr accumulation and BCF values
increased with high soil Cr levels as well as the age of plants. High BCF and transportation index (Ti) values, i.e., 10,924
and 32.09, respectively, were noted for water hyacinth. The Ti values indicated that the root-to-shoot translocation of Cr
was very high after 100 days of growth. The total accumulation rate was maximum (8.29 mg Cr kg dry biomass − 1 day − 1) in paragrass. The BCF values for roots were noted to be higher than those of leaves, stems, and grains of the 125-day-old
plants. Hence, paragrass and water hyacinth may be used as tools of phytoremediation to combat the problem of in situ Cr contamination. 相似文献
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Aruna Palanisamy B. S. Rao Shaik Mehazabeen 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2011,19(3):698-705
Castor oil was chemically modified into a diethanolamide by a two step process. The first step was the hydroxylation of double
bonds in castor oil and second step was the transamidation using diethanolamine to increase the hydroxyl value. Water blown
polyurethane foams were developed with this castor oil based polyol using polypropylene glycol of molecular weight 1,000 as
the copolyol and polymeric MDI. The density and mechanical properties namely compression and flexural strength depended on
the composition of the foam formulation. The hydroxyamide content and molecular weight of commercial polyol had significant
effect on the micro structure as observed by optical microscopy. 相似文献
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In this study, organochlorine insecticides (OCPs), DDT metabolites and HCH isomers were quantified in mustard, groundnut and sunflower oils collected from different regions of India. The maximum level of 222.0 ng g(-1) and minimum level of 0.2 ng g(-1) of SigmaDDT were detected in mustard oil from Deoria and Varanasi while those of SigmaHCH i.e., 1500 ng g(-1) and 8.0 ng g(-1) in mustard oil from Deoria and Kanpur, respectively. However, the maximum total concentration of alpha-, beta- and gamma-HCH was in mustard oil, whereas maximum delta-HCH was in groundnut oil. However, the maximum percentage of p,p'-DDT was in mustard oil while maximum p,p'-DDE was in groundnut oil. The study calls for periodical monitoring to ensure safe supply of edible oils to consumers. 相似文献