排序方式: 共有23条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Mamoru Morikawa Kazutoshi Cho Soromon Kataoka Emi H. Kato Takashi Yamada Hideto Yamada Hisanori Minakami 《黑龙江环境通报》2005,25(3):250-252
Two cases with a large cystic mass within the placenta are reported. By ultrasonography, it was found that both women had a subchorionic hypoechoic lesion (11.0 × 4.8 × 4.0 cm and 6.6 × 3.7 × 2.2 cm, respectively) at 24 and 35 weeks of gestation, respectively. In both cases, turbulent blood flow generated by a pulsatile jet flow (pulse rate; 40 to 60 beats per minute) into the cystic lesion seen on real-time imaging and lesions being low intensity on T1-weighted and isointensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance image suggested that they contained fresh maternal blood. In both cases, the sonolucency of the lesions did not change until cesarean deliveries of females, both of whom were small-for-gestational-age infants (1940 g at 37 weeks and 2195 g at 37 weeks, respectively). Biochemical analysis of the fluid in the cystic lesion sampled during the cesarean section in the latter case confirmed that the fluid had originated from the maternal blood. These lesions histologically corresponded to large avillous areas surrounded by normal villi. Thus, a huge placental lake was diagnosed in both cases. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
Hideto Yoshida Kazuaki Takahashi Nobuo Takeda Shin-ichi Sakai 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2009,11(3):229-243
We summarize the measures taken by the Japanese government to prevent the emission of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs) into the environment. Because incineration is the main method of waste management in Japan, reducing the amount of
dioxins emitted from waste incinerators is an essential aspect of proper waste treatment. Intensive measures to prevent the
formation of dioxins at the source have been implemented, with a focus on waste treatment methods and improving comprehensive
management. The efforts have been very successful, with a 95% reduction in the amount of dioxins emitted between 1997 and
2003. The toxicity of PCBs has been monitored with keen interest since the Yusho incident. Unfortunately, treatment facilities
for PCB wastes were not built until long after PCBs had been removed from use, and PCB wastes remained in storage in an untreated
state. The Japanese government has promoted the construction of facilities for treating PCB wastes, and five such facilities
have commenced operations. To more completely eradicate dioxins, a future challenge will be to reduce the amount of PCB-derived
dioxins, which are persistent in the environment and have a long exposure pathway from the environment media to the organism
and the human body. 相似文献
3.
Independent-founding paper wasps constitute a major group of primitively eusocial insects, and when caste-fate determination occurs in temperate species of these wasps, particularly regarding whether it occurs before or after emergence, remains unclear. No critical morphological differences occur between potential queens of the next generation (often called gynes) and workers in primitively eusocial insects. The gynes of temperate species are characterized by diapausing, and the nutrients available during the larval stage have often been believed to determine caste fate. Short days usually induce diapause in temperate nonsocial insects, although few investigations of the effects of day length on caste-fate determination in paper wasps have been conducted. By exposing individuals to different combinations of short and long days during the immature and adult stages, we show for the first time that short days during the adult stage (but not during the immature stage) facilitated caste-fate determination toward gynes in a paper wasp. Moreover, the decision to diapause partly depended on changes in the photoperiod during the pupal and adult stages. The size of the adult also affected caste-fate determination, with diapause more likely to occur in large adults, but this size effect did not occur when individuals were exposed to many short days during the pupal stage. In addition, all adults except for a small proportion of smaller individuals prepared for diapause under short days. These findings suggest that the photoperiod is a higher priority cue than adult size. 相似文献
4.
5.
Shin-ichi Sakai Hideto Yoshida Yasuhiro Hirai Misuzu Asari Hidetaka Takigami Shin Takahashi Keijirou Tomoda Maria Victoria Peeler Jakub Wejchert Thomas Schmid-Unterseh Aldo Ravazzi Douvan Roy Hathaway Lars D. Hylander Christian Fischer Gil Jong Oh Li Jinhui Ngo Kim Chi 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2011,13(2):86-102
Reduce, reuse, and recycle (3R) policies form the basis of waste management and global warming countermeasures globally, so we conducted a comparative study of 3R and waste management policies in the European Union (EU), USA, Korea, Japan, China, and Vietnam. An international workshop for 3R and waste management policymakers was held in Kyoto, Japan, and a bibliographic survey was also conducted to collect data. 3R policies are clearly given priority in the hierarchy of waste management in every country studied. Thermal recovery, which includes power generation from waste heat and methane gas collected from organic waste, is also a priority; this is consistent with the increased use of countermeasures to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In the EU, waste management is characterized by practical and effective 3R policies through the development of realistic regulations and by the policymakers??desire to simplify management systems. The policy ideal in China, however, is the development of a circular economy that targets reductions in the amount and hazardousness of waste. Limits on the number of final disposal sites, strategies for procuring resources, and GHG emission countermeasures are closely linked with 3R policies, and further development of 3R policies in parallel with such issues is expected. 相似文献
6.
Wang L Hao J He K Wang S Li J Zhang Q Streets DG Fu JS Jang CJ Takekawa H Chatani S 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2008,58(8):1057-1069
In the last 10 yr, Beijing has made a great effort to improve its air quality. However, it is still suffering from regional coarse particulate matter (PM10) pollution that could be a challenge to the promise of clean air during the 2008 Olympics. To provide scientific guidance on regional air pollution control, the Mesoscale Modeling System Generation 5 (MM5) and the Models-3/Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) air quality modeling system was used to investigate the contributions of emission sources outside the Beijing area to pollution levels in Beijing. The contributions to the PM10 concentrations in Beijing were assessed for the following sources: power plants, industry, domestic sources, transportation, agriculture, and biomass open burning. In January, it is estimated that on average 22% of the PM10 concentrations can be attributed to outside sources, of which domestic and industrial sources contributed 37 and 31%, respectively. In August, as much as 40% of the PM10 concentrations came from regional sources, of which approximately 41% came from industry and 31% from power plants. However, the synchronous analysis of the hourly concentrations, regional contributions, and wind vectors indicates that in the heaviest pollution periods the local emission sources play a more important role. The implications are that long-term control strategies should be based on regional-scale collaborations, and that emission abatement of local sources may be more effective in lowering the PM10 concentration levels on the heavy pollution days. Better air quality can be attained during the Olympics by placing effective emission controls on the local sources in Beijing and by controlling emissions from industry and power plants in the surrounding regions. 相似文献
7.
Soromon Kataoka Hideaki Sawai Hideto Yamada Nozomi Kanazawa Koji Koyama Gen Nishimura Mamoru Morikawa Noriaki Sakuragi Hisanori Minakami 《黑龙江环境通报》2004,24(1):45-49
Hypochondroplasia is an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia expressing postnatal onset of short stature with mild rhizomelic shortening of the limbs. This manifestation leads to restricted prenatal diagnosis of the disorder. We report here on a sporadic case of a hypochondroplastic baby, whose prenatal sonographic measurements were serially recorded from 19 weeks of gestation. Mild shortening of the limbs became manifest after 26 weeks of gestation. Biparietal diameter was within the normal range throughout gestation. Both parents were of average stature. A tentative diagnosis of a nonlethal short-limb skeletal dysplasia was made. At birth, the clinical manifestations of the neonate were not characteristic, but the radiographic features raised the possibility of hypochondroplasia. Molecular analyses revealed a C to G mutation at nucleotide 1659 of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene, a common mutation in hypochondroplasia. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
Biwu Chu Kun Wang Hideto Takekawa Junhua Li Wei Zhou Jingkun Jiang Qinxing Ma Hong He Jiming Hao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,(1)
Smog chamber experiments were conducted to investigate the hygroscopicity of particles generated from photooxidation of α-pinene/NOx with diferent sulfate seed aerosols or oxidation conditions. Hygroscopicity of particles was measured by a tandem diferential mobility analyzer(TDMA) in terms of hygroscopic growth factor(Gf), with a relative humidity of 85%. With sulfate seed aerosols present, Gf of the aerosols decreased very fast before notable secondary organic aerosols(SOA) formation was observed, indicating a heterogeneous process between inorganic seeds and organic products might take place as soon as oxidation begins, rather than only happening after gas-aerosol partition of organic products starts. The final SOA-coated sulfate particles had similar or lower Gf than seed-free SOA. The hygroscopicity of the final particles was not dependent on the thickness but on the hygroscopicity properties of the SOA, which were influenced by the initial sulfate seed particles. In the two designed aging processes, Gf of the particles increased more significantly with introduction of OH radical than with ozone. However, the hygroscopicity of SOA was very low even after a long time of aging, implying that either SOA aging in the chamber was very slow or the Gf of SOA did not change significantly in aging. Using an aerosol composition speciation monitor(ACSM) and matrix factorization(PMF) method, two factors for the components of SOA were identified, but the correlation between SOA hygroscopicity and the proportion of the more highly oxidized factor could be either positive or negative depending on the speciation of seed aerosols present. 相似文献
9.
Hideto Tsuji Hiroaki Sugiyama Yoshihiro Sato 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2012,20(3):706-712
Neat poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA) films and PLLA/PDLA blend films were prepared by solution casting, and their photodegradation by UV-irradiation was investigated using wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, and polarized optical microscopy. The PLLA/PDLA blend film was more photodegradation-resistant than the neat PLLA and PDLA films when photodegradation was monitored by molecular weight, melting temperature, and WAXS crystalline peak positions. This indicates that the chains in both amorphous and crystalline regions of the PLLA/PDLA blend film were photo-cleavage-resistant compared to those of the neat PLLA and PDLA films. The changes in melting temperature and WAXS crystalline peak positions before and after photodegradation respectively indicated the increased crystalline lattice disorder and the decreased crystalline lattice sizes of the neat PLLA and PDLA films, whereas these changes were insignificant for the blend films. Photodegradation caused no significant change in tensile properties, with the exception of significant decreases in the tensile strength and elongation at break of PLLA/PDLA blend film. However, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the PLLA/PDLA blend film retained higher values compared to those of the neat PLLA and PDLA films during photodegradation. In spite of the slower photodegradation of the PLLA/PDLA blend film traced by M n, T m, and WAXS crystalline peak positions than that of neat PLLA and PDLA films, the rapid decrease in tensile strength and elongation at break of the former than that of the latter should be due to the highly-ordered structural difference between them, i.e., the three dimensional dry gel of the former and the spherulites of the latter. 相似文献
10.
Hideto Yoshida Kazuyuki Shimamura Hirofumi Aizawa 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2007,9(2):101-111
Focusing on the promotion of the “3Rs” – reduce, reuse, and recycle – the authors summarize the policy that Japan has evolved
in waste management and recycling policy over the years. To realize an international sound material-cycle society (SMS), the
3R approaches should first be implemented in each individual country. After each country has established an SMS to the best
of its ability, contribution toward reducing the environmental load internationally, especially across all of East Asia, will
be achieved by having waste and recyclable resources that cannot be handled in one country effectively used or processed in
other countries. The current situation of international resource circulation is described and a concept of SMS at an international
level is proposed.
The views expressed herein are those of the authors and are not necessarily the official views of the organizations with which
the authors are affiliated. 相似文献