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排序方式: 共有139条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Wan Soo Kim Seong Jin Yoon Jong Wook Kim Jung Ah Lee Tae Won Lee 《Marine Biology》2006,149(5):1209-1215
Diadromous fish often enter freshwater directly from seawater via fish ladders or channels built in estuarine dams. The oxygen consumption rates (OCR) of glass eel, Anguilla japonica, were determined using an automatic intermittent flow respirometer under various salinity and temperature regimes to physiologically explain this direct movement. The endogenous rhythm of the OCR in wild glass eels, freshly collected from estuaries, was nearly synchronous with the tidal pattern at the estuarine collection site. When the salinity was changed from 20 psu (12°C) at a constant temperature to that of freshwater, the OCR of the glass eels decreased by 21.6±7.0% (mean ± SD) (P<0.05), showing a dampened rhythm for about 48 h. After this period of impediment, the glass eels resumed normal metabolic activity. Direct migration from seawater to freshwater under constant temperature would result in a severe physiological stress for these glass eels for about two days. When the glass eels were exposed to a cyclic change in water temperature of 2°C 26 h−1, as they encounter in estuaries, and then were introduced to freshwater abruptly, the OCR rhythm corresponded to the cyclic changes in water temperature after exposure to freshwater. Under these conditions, the mean OCR of the glass eels had a small difference before and after exposure to freshwater. These data explained how glass eels can directly move from sea water into the freshwater without any apparent metabolic stress in the estuaries showing cyclic change in water temperature (Δt=2°C). 相似文献
2.
Jung Sik Koh 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1993,5(3):269-278
The relationship between man-made CO2 emission and atmospheric CO2 concentration has been established. The factors that affect CO2 reduction allotment and the impacts on future energy demand and supply were discussed, in order to help energy policy makers both in developed countries and in developing countries for understanding the fundamental constraint on energy sector resulted from global warming related CO2 reduction, and hopefully in finding a common objective starting point to deal with global warming negotiation in energy sector, and to investigate the optimum stabilization goal and process acceptable to all sovereign countries that based on equity and applicability. 相似文献
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Biochar increased water holding capacity but accelerated organic carbon leaching from a sloping farmland soil in China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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Effect of amorphous silica and silica sand on removal of chromium(VI) by zero-valent iron 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The effect of two surfaces (amorphous silica and silica sand) on the reduction of chromium(VI) by zero-valent iron (Fe(0)) was investigated using batch reactors. The amendment of both surfaces significantly increased the rate and extent of Cr(VI) removal. The rate enhancement by amended surfaces is presumed to result from scavenging of Fe(0)-Cr(VI) reaction products by the provided surfaces, which minimized surface deactivation of Fe(0). The rate enhancing effect was greater for silica compared to sand, and the difference is attributed to silica's higher surface area, greater affinity for reaction products and pH buffering effect. For a given mass of Fe(0), the reactivity and longevity of Fe(0) to treat Cr(VI) increased with increasing dose of silica. Elemental analyses of the reacted iron and silica revealed that chromium removed from the solution was associated with both surfaces, with its mass distribution being approximately 1:1 per mass of iron and silica. The overall result suggests reductive precipitation was a predominant Cr(VI) removal pathway, which involves initial reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), followed by formation of Cr(III)/Fe(III) hydroxides precipitates. 相似文献
8.
Hang Seok Choi Seock Joon Kim Kwan Tae Kim 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2008,10(1):1-6
The mixing characteristics of a passive scalar in the turbulent flow of a selective catalytic reduction process were numerically
and experimentally investigated, focusing especially on an injection nozzle with multiple holes for the reducing agent. The
multihole injection nozzle studied has six holes that are perpendicular to the ambient flue gas flow and are located near
the tip of the nozzle. Large eddy simulation was applied to the turbulent flow and mixing fields to elucidate the mixing mechanism
of the proposed nozzle compared with the single-hole nozzle that is commonly used in the conventional selective catalytic
reduction process. From the results, there exist broader regions of higher turbulent intensities for the multihole nozzle
than for the conventional single-hole nozzle. These regions are well matched with the positions of high vorticity in the near
upstream region of the jet flow issuing from the multiple holes of the nozzle. Consequently, the high turbulent intensities
and vorticity magnitudes lead to intensified mixing between the flue gas and the reducing agent. Hence, the most suitable
molar ratio between NOx and the reducing agent for the catalytic reaction can be easily obtained within a shorter physical
mixing length as a result of the enhanced scalar mixing. Finally, the numerical results were applied to a trial design version
of a multihole nozzle, and this nozzle was experimentally tested to confirm its mixing performance. 相似文献
9.
Sung Ho Hwang Ik Mo Lee Yun Keun Lee Jeong Im Park Kwang Won Rhie Dong Uk Park Chung Sik Yoon 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(11):8803-8808
We characterize the monthly variation in (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan concentration measured over the course of 1 year, and we evaluate the characteristics of size selection using a two-stage cyclone sampler. The (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan concentrations were measured in four bio-related laboratories. A total of 156 samples were collected using a new two-stage cyclone sampler. Analysis of (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan was performed using the kinetic Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. The study showed that airborne (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan concentrations were significantly higher in laboratory D (mean ± SD 1,105?±?1,893 pg/m3) and in the spring (5,458 pg/m3). The highest concentration of (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan occurred in the spring, particularly in May. 相似文献
10.
S.S. Mayakaduwa Indika Herath Yong Sik Ok Dinesh Mohan Meththika Vithanage 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(29):22755-22763
Biochar has been considered as a potential sorbent for removal of frequently detected pesticides in water. In the present study, modified and non-modified rice husk biochars were used for aqueous carbofuran removal. Rice husk biochars were produced at 300, 500, and 700 °C in slow pyrolysis and further exposed to steam activation. Biochars were physicochemically characterized using proximate, ultimate, FTIR methods and used to examine equilibrium and dynamic adsorption of carbofuran. Increasing pyrolysis temperature led to a decrease of biochar yield and increase of porosity, surface area, and adsorption capacities which were further enhanced by steam activation. Carbofuran adsorption was pH-dependant, and the maximum (161 mg g?1) occurred in the vicinity of pH 5, on steam-activated biochar produced at 700 °C. Freundlich model best fitted the sorption equilibrium data. Both chemisorption and physisorption interactions on heterogeneous adsorbent surface may involve in carbofuran adsorption. Langmuir kinetics could be applied to describe carbofuran adsorption in a fixed bed. A higher carbofuran volume was treated in a column bed by a steam-activated biochar versus non-activated biochars. Overall, steam-activated rice husk biochar can be highlighted as a promising low-cost sustainable material for aqueous carbofuran removal. 相似文献