Potentials and limitations of using large-scale forest inventory data for evaluating forest succession models

Forest gap models have been applied widely to examine forest development under natural conditions and to investigate the effect of climate change on forest succession. Due to the complexity and parameter requirements of such models a rigorous evaluation is required to build confidence in the simulation results. However, appropriate data for model assessment are scarce at the large spatial and temporal scales of successional dynamics. In this study, we explore a data source for the evaluation of forest gap models that has been used only little in the past, i.e., large-scale National Forest Inventory data. The key objectives of this study were (a) to examine the potentials and limitations of using large-scale forest inventory data for evaluating the performance of forest gap models and (b) to test two particular models as case studies to derive recommendations for their future improvement.     

PLATE JUNCTIONS AND HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATIONS IN THE INDIAN REGION

This article relates the productive and potential oil fields in India to plate junctions and other major tectonic features. High geothermal gradients are known to accelerate the expulsion of petroleum from the source bed, as well as its migration and accumulation in favourable reservoir rocks, resulting in high yield. Some of the world's major petroleum deposits occur along ‘failed arms’ associated with the plume generated triple junctions. Seven triple junctions have been located in the Indian region, and two more are identified here. Interestingly, India's off-shore petroleum prospects coincide with some of these triple junctions. Cet article établit la relation entre les champs de pétrole en production et potentiels en Inde à la théorie des plaques et à d'autres traits tectoniques importants. L'on sait que des gradients géothermiques élevés accélèrent l'expulsion du pétrole à partir de la roche-mère et favorisent la migration et l'accumulation dans des réservoirs convenables. Quelques-uns des plus grands champs de pétrole du monde se rencontrent en liaison avec des ‘bras morts’ associés avec un système triple de fossés d'effondrement. Sept systèmes triples ont été repérés en Inde et deux autres sont reconnus ici. II est intéressant de remarquer que les possibilités pétrolières de l'offshore indien coïncide avec certains de ces systèmes triples. Este artículo establece la relación entre los campos petrolíferos en producción y potenciales de India a la teoría de placas y otros aspectos tectónicos. Es sabido que una gradiente térmica alta ascelera la expulsión del petróleo desde la roca madre y favorece su migración y acumulación en rocas reservorio favorables. Algunos de los mayores depósitos de petróleo se encuentran a lo largo de los “brazos muertos” asociados a un sistema triple de unión de placas. Siete uniones de este tipo habia sido localizadas en India y otros dos más son identificados aquí. Es interesante notar que las posibilidades petroleras en la zona marítima de India coinciden con alguna forma de sistemas triple de placas.