转炉钢渣配烧水泥熟料及其试生产

转炉钢渣配烧水泥熟料,可降低能耗和成本,提高水泥产量和质量,具有显著的经济效益和环境效益.本文介绍了钢渣配烧水泥熟料的理论依据、生料制备、熟料煅烧和熟料分析检验,以及试生产情况.     

A GIS-based Study for Optimizing the Total Emission Control Strategy in Lanzhou City

A geographic information system (GIS)-based approach with spatial analysis advantages was developed to optimize the total emission control scheme on air pollution in Lanzhou, combined with Models-3 modeling system and a linear programming model. GIS system is mainly used for establishing a multifactor assessment model to quantitatively divide environmental functional zone, and also used for selecting control sites in linear programming model. The results show that most of the urban area belongs to the second type of function, which is 122.8 km² occupying about 76.5% and the third type of about 32.9 km² occupying 20.5%. To reach the air quality up to the national standard in the entire control area, some large-emission factories need to cut emissions from 19% to 27%. For small but low-emission height sources, the cut may be as high 40%. The improvement of the ecological environment is urgently needed for controlling the background particle pollution in Lanzhou city.     

大型储罐灾变风险源评价

储罐是石油化工行业常用的储存设备,经常储存易燃、易爆或有毒物品,在使用过程中,一旦储罐失效其后果非常严重。通过对引起储罐失效的因素进行系统分析,建立了以储罐失效为顶事件的事故树。通过分析,得到了储罐失效树的各阶最小割集,确定了引起储罐失效的灾变风险源,计算出基本事件的结构重要度系数,并进行了相对重要程度排序,提出了相应的改进措施以确保储罐平稳安全运行。     

HAZOP 实施效果的影响因素与对策

企业实施HAZOP分析的能力，从空白到熟练运用可分为6个层次，每个层次均有不同的表现和特点。实施能力处于低层次时，企业不能发挥HAZOP的作用与效果。分析归纳了6个层次的特点，总结出HAZOP技术实施影响因素结构图，并针对实施环境、HAZOP团队、HAZOP技术适宜性等三方面影响因素进行了详细分析，提出了解决思路和方法，从而为企业提高HAZOP分析的实施能力提供技术路线。     

一起商用冷柜火灾残骸物证鉴定研究

为完整地描述火灾事件发生及发展,确保火灾物证鉴定结论与现场勘验相符合,以一起商用冷柜火灾残骸物证鉴定为例,采用划分物证残骸的电气故障区域、利用金相法与电气故障传播时序分析法等方法进行综合鉴定,确定该冷柜的故障点、起火原因,并构建电气火灾发生、发展的蔓延过程。可为火灾物证鉴定技术研究工作提供一定的参考。     

试论安全科学研究的特殊矛盾

提出安全科学研究的特殊矛盾是安全与事故的矛盾，也就是研究危险。设计出了安全、危险、事故相互转化的示意图。论述了危险的普遍性、特殊性、绝对性、可转化性、可认识性以及认识安全科学研究特殊矛盾的重要意义。     

加强安全素质教育提高人的可靠性操作

随着安全科学的发展,事故频发倾向论被大多数学者所否定。因为事故的发生是人、物和环境三大系列的运动造成的,这三方面因素互相影响,不能将事故的发生简单归结到某种单一因素上。但是在造成事故的各种因素中,人的因素是占有绝对地位的。“事故频发倾向论”由于其本身的局限性,已从事故致因理论中剔除。但是我们应该一分为二地看待一种理论,“事故频发倾向论”在某种程度上提醒人们重视人在事故中的作用,科学研究证明约90%的事故是由于人的不安全行为引起的,因此提高人的可靠性就成为减少事故发生,确保安全生产的重要途径。     

Preconcentration of trace arsenite and arsenate with titanium dioxide nanoparticles and subsequent determination by silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometric method.

A novel method of preconcentration of trace arsenite and arsenate by using titanium dioxide nanoparticles as adsorbent was described. The concentrations of preconcentrated arsenite and arsenate were determined by a silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometric method without desorption. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of the pH, contact time, amount of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, and solution volume. In the pH range 5 to 6, adsorption rates of arsenite and arsenate were higher than 98%. The calibration coefficient was 0.9991, and the linear range was 0 to 100 microg/L. The developed method was precise, with the relative standard deviation <5% at concentration level of 10 microg/L, with a detection limit (3sigma, n=6) of 0.44 microg/L. The accuracy of the method for total arsenic was validated by standard reference materials (SRM 3103a) (National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland). The method was also applied to the analysis of arsenite and arsenate in natural water samples to verify the accuracy. The recovery values remained in a narrow range, from 95 to 103%.     

Large-Eddy Simulation of Coastal Upwelling Flow

Large-eddy simulations were carried out to study laboratory-scale realizations of coastal upwelling in an annular rotating tank with a sloping bottom. A two-layer stratified fluid was set into rigid body motion with the tank and then driven by the relative rotation of a solid top lid. The simulation code developed in this work was a three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes solver using the message passing interface. The simulation runs were performed on a distributed memory massively parallel computer, namely, the IBM SP2. The simulation results were able to reveal the evolution of the complex upwelling structures in detail. The results were used to compare with and to complement two relevant series of coastal upwelling experiments. A Rayleigh-Taylor type of instability took place in the top inversion layer due to the unstable stratification after establishment of the upwelling front. The primary upwelling front was unstable to azimuthal perturbations and developed large amplitude baroclinic waves. The frontal wave structure consists of cyclone/anticyclone pairs. Whether cyclonic eddies containing the lower-layer fluid pinch off from the front depends on the _* value. The non-dimensional parameter _*=gh ₀/u _* f_s, which was first introduced by Narimousa and Maxworthy, combines the effects of stratification, rotation and surface stress and can be used to characterize the upwelling flow field. Our studies show that the frontal instabilities are much more intense and the upwelling front itself displays strong unsteadiness and cyclonic eddies containing the lower-layer fluid pinch off from the front when _* is significantly less than 5.8. For _*=5.8, the frontal instabilities are less intense and no pinched-off process is observed. To separate these regimes, a critical value of _* of about 5.4 is consistent with Narimousa and Maxworthy's results.