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排序方式: 共有107条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Cattle (Bos taurus) producers can replace a part of the traditional diet of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain/silage with sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) seeds or canola meal (Brassica napus L.)/oil to enhance conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) content in milk and meat for its positive health benefits. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of feeding sunflower or canola to finishing steers on cattle manure chemical properties and volatile fatty acid (VFA) content. The control diet contained 84% rolled barley and 15% barley silage, which provided only 2.6% lipid. The other six treatments had 6.6 to 8.6% lipid delivered from sources such as hay, sunflower seed (SS), canola meal/oil, and SS forage pellets. Manure samples (a mixture of cattle urine, feces, and woodchip bedding materials) were collected and analyzed after cattle had been on these diets for 113 d. The dietary source and level of lipid had no effect on organic N and nitrate N content in manure, but significantly affected ammonia N and VFA. Inclusion of SS forage pellets, hay, or canola meal/oil in cattle diets had no significant impact on manure characteristics, but SS significantly reduced the pH and increased propionic, isobutyric, and isovaleric content. In addition, N loss after excretion (mainly from urine N) increases with the pH and N levels in both feed and manure. The combination of SS with barley silage resulted in a lower VFA and NH3 content in manure and should be a more attractive option. To better manage N nutrient cycles and reduce NH3 related odor problems, feed and manure pH should be one of the factors to consider when determining feed mix rations. 相似文献
2.
Reshadi Mir Amir Mohammad Soleymani Hasani Sajad Nazaripour Morteza McKay Gordon Bazargan Alireza 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(47):66556-66574
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Landfilling is one of the most prevalent waste management strategies on a global scale. However, one major drawback of landfills is the production of... 相似文献
3.
Asadyar Leila Xu Cheng-Yuan Wallace Helen M. Xu Zhihong Reverchon Frédérique Bai Shahla Hosseini 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(6):6684-6690
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biochar has strong potential to improve nitrogen (N) use efficiency in both agricultural and horticultural systems. Biochar is usually co-applied with... 相似文献
4.
Sara Romani Seyed Reza Mohebbi Seyed Masoud Hosseini Pedram Azimzadeh Mohsen Vahedi Faramarz Derakhshan Mohammad Reza Zali 《Food and environmental virology》2012,4(1):1-5
Noroviruses are one of important agents that cause acute viral gastroenteritis worldwide. These viruses are belonging to Caliciviridae
family and are genetically diverse. To date, there is no valuable data about prevalence of norovirus infection and the dominant
genogroup/genotype among Iranian population. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of norovirus infection
in Iranian patients with gastroenteritis referred to three hospitals of Tehran and to specify the dominant genogroup/genotype
of this virus among our study population. A total of 293 patients with acute gastroenteritis were included in the study. Detection
of norovirus was performed using RT-PCR method and confirmed by direct sequencing with specific designed primers for capsid
region of norovirus genome. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the neighbor-joining method. Norovirus strains identified
in our study were subsequently categorized according to previously defined genogroup/genotypes. Of these, norovirus GII was
dominant genogroup. Sixty-five percent (17 of 26) of positive samples were determined as GII and 35% (9 of 26) were determined
as GI, respectively, in 2008–2009. And among 8 sequenced strains of genogroup II the most frequent genotype was GII.3. The
results of this study indicated that norovirus must be considered as one of the infectious causes of acute gastroenteritis
among Iranian population. We also found that GII.3 is more prevalent in our study population. To the best of our knowledge
there is limited data about the role of noroviruses in children and adults’ acute gastroenteritis among Iranian patients and
this prevalence and genotyping report of norovirus infection could be remarkable for further studies. 相似文献
5.
Intissar Grissa Sabrine Guezguez Lobna Ezzi Sana Chakroun Amira Sallem Emna Kerkeni Jaber Elghoul Lassaad El Mir Meriem Mehdi Hassen ben Cheikh Zohra Haouas 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(20):20205-20213
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are widely used for their whiteness and opacity in several applications such as food colorants, drug additives, biomedical ceramic, and implanted biomaterials. Research on the neurobiological response to orally administered TiO2 NPs is still limited. In our study, we investigate the effects of anatase TiO2 NPs on the brain of Wistar rats after oral intake. After daily intragastric administration of anatase TiO2 NPs (5–10 nm) at 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight (BW) for 60 days, the coefficient of the brain, acethylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, the level of interleukin 6 (IL-6), and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were assessed to quantify the brain damage. The results showed that high-dose anatase TiO2 NPs could induce a downregulated level of AChE activities and showed an increase in plasmatic IL-6 level as compared to the control group accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease inter-doses, associated to an increase in the cerebral IL-6 level as a response to a local inflammation in brain. Furthermore, we observed elevated levels of immunoreactivity to GFAP in rat cerebral cortex. We concluded that oral intake of anatase TiO2 NPs can induce neuroinflammation and could be neurotoxic and hazardous to health. 相似文献
6.
Teimour Allahyari Gebraeil Nasl Saraji Javad Adl Mostafa Hosseini Mahmood Iravani Masood Younesian Steven J Kass 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2008,14(2):149-158
INTRODUCTION: The impact of a driver's cognitive capability on traffic safety has not been adequately studied. This study examined the relationship between cognitive failures, driving errors and accident data. METHOD: Professional drivers from Iran (160 males, ages 18-65) participated in this study. The cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ) and the driver error questionnaire were administered. The participants were also asked other questions about personal driving information. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to determine the factor structure of the CFQ. Poisson regression models were developed to predict driving errors and accidents from total CFQ scores and the extracted factors. RESULTS: Total CFQ scores were associated with driving error rates, but not with accidents. However, the 2 extracted factors suggested an increased effect on accidents and were strongly associated with driving errors. DISCUSSION: Although the CFQ was not able to predict driving accidents, it could be used to identify drivers susceptible to driving errors. Further development of a driving-oriented cognitive failure scale is recommended to help identify error prone drivers. Such a scale may be beneficial to licensing authorities or for developing driver selection and training procedures for organizations. 相似文献
7.
Developing a fuzzy neural network-based support vector regression (FNN-SVR) for regionalizing nitrate concentration in groundwater 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Seiyed Mossa Hosseini Najmeh Mahjouri 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(6):3685-3699
The aim of this study is to develop a fuzzy neural network-based support vector regression model (FNN-SVR) for mapping crisp-input and fuzzy-output variables. In this model, an artificial neural network (ANN) estimator based on multilayer perceptron (MLP) is considered as the kernel function of the SVR, whereas asymmetric triangular fuzzy H-level sets are assumed for model parameters including weight and biases of the ANN model. A genetic algorithm (GA) with real coding is implemented to optimize the model parameters during the training phase. To evaluate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed model, it is applied for simulating and regionalizing nitrate concentration in Karaj Aquifer in Iran. The goodness-of-fit criteria indicate a better performance of the FNN-SVR compared to some benchmark models such as geostatistic techniques as well as traditional SVR models with linear, quadratic, polynomial, and Gaussian kernel functions for modeling nitrate concentrations in groundwater. 相似文献
8.
Hosseini Alhashemi A Karbassi A Hassanzadeh Kiabi B Monavari SM Sekhavatjou MS 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(4):1865-1878
In the present research, accumulation of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn were determined in sediments and fillet, liver,
kidney, gonads, and gills of three commonly fish species in the largest wetland ecosystem that is located in southwest of
Iran; Shadegan wetland. Shadegan is one of the most important wetland that posses various fauna and flora but suffers inputs
from agricultural and industrial activities. So, sediment samples and fish species including Barbus grypus, Barbus sharpeyi, and Cyprinus carpio were collected during winter 2009. Results showed that mean concentrations of trace elements (except Ni and Co) were high
in liver and gills of B. grypus. Also trace elements had the most accumulation in liver of B. sharpeyi except for Cd (0.26 mg kg − 1 d.w.) and Mn (13.45 mg kg − 1 d.w.) that were high in gills. Beside, kidney is determined as target tissue for Ni and V in B. grypus and for Pb in C. carpio, due to their high concentration. Zn levels in all tissues of C. carpio showed the highest concentrations in comparison to other fish species. Generally, accumulations of most of the studied elements
in B. grypus and B. sharpeyi were higher in females than in males, while in fillet and gonads of C. carpio, this trend was inverted. Bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were determined for different tissues of fish species with respect
to elemental concentrations in sediment. BAFs results indicated that Zn, Pb, and Cu have higher BAF than other elements. Also
this investigation demonstrated that trace elements have different affinities with condition factor of studied fish species.
Gonadosomatic index (GSI) and Pb showed positive correlation together in both B. sharpeyi and B. grypus, respectively, in females and males. Moreover, females of C. carpio showed significantly positive relation of GSI and all studied elements. 相似文献
9.
Monavari SM Omrani GA Karbassi A Raof FF 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(4):1841-1846
Environment problems associated with the generation of waste are part of societal changes where households play an important
role. These societal changes influence the size, structure and characteristic of given households. For the effective planning
of solid-waste handling infrastructure, it is essential to know the quantity of waste generation and its composition. This
paper presents the findings of a study carried out in an urban municipal area in Iran to determine the household solid-waste
generation rate and waste composition based on field surveys and to determine the related socioeconomic parameters. The dependent
variables were waste generation and composition, and independent variables were family size, family employment, age, number
of room and education. Over 400 sample households were selected for the study using a stratified random sampling methodology
and from five different socioeconomic groups. Waste collected from all groups of households were segregated and weighted.
Waste generation rate was 5.4 kg/household/day. Household solid waste comprised of ten categories of wastes and with the largest
component (76.9%). The generation and composition of household solid waste were correlated with family size, education level
and households income. This paper adequately suggests new insights concerning the role of socioeconomic parameters in affecting
the generation of household waste. 相似文献
10.