基于关联性及趋势性分析的AVHRR NDVI及#br# MODIS NDVI数据产品比较

针对AVHRR NDVI和MODIS NDVI数据集中不同数据产品间的差异和区域适应性问题，利用2003~2013年重叠时间段MODIS Terra/Aqua的NDVI Collection 5(C5)和Collection 6(C6)产品以及AVHRR NDVI中的GIMMS NDVI3g产品，选择汉江流域典型区域进行数据对比分析。通过关联指数IOAs(Index of Association)来评价各数据在季节波动上的一致性；采用Mann Kendall检验分析各数据的长期趋势差异。结果表明，在季节性变化上，同一卫星不同版本产品之间的关联性相对较高。在年际变化上，GIMMS产品相对MODIS 产品，仅能检出部分NDVI变化趋势。在地表覆被异质性相对较高地区，GIMMS产品的长期变化趋势检出率较低。MODIS Terra的NDVI C5产品受传感器退化影响，表现出相对较高的减少趋势。 关键词： GIMMS NDVI；MODIS NDVI；Mann Kendall检验；趋势分析     

劳动保护工作的价值

在市场经济条件下,事物本身的价值决定着它的社会地位。劳动保护工作也同其他事物一样,在生产经营活动中的地位由其本身的价值决定劳动保护工作到底有多大价值?目前尚无理论根据。由于没有价值指标,在以经济效益为中心的生产经营活动中,它的地位就时而重要时而不重要。出事故的时候就重要,不出事故时就不重要。一些企业或基层领导人重生产轻劳动保护,他们认为:生产效益不好,劳动保护再好也没用;劳动保护本身没有效益,效益是间接的;劳动安全是个负效益,只是发生事故造成损失,才能看出“安全效益”。     

β修正罗丹明B光度法测定工业废水中银

对β修正光度法测定废水中痕量银进行了研究，该方法能消除反应液中过量显色剂干扰，提高分析灵敏度和准确度。测定结果表明，银加标回收率９３．０－１０６．０％，精密度ＲＳＤ２．３％，银量低测定浓度０．０２ｍｇ／Ｌ。该方法适合于印相，电镀等行业废水银分析。     

Evolution and reconstruction of settlement space in tourist islands: a case study of Dachangshan Island,Changhai County

Environment, Development and Sustainability - This study analyzes the evolution of the land use structure, demographic reconstruction, and social reconstruction of Dachangshan Island, Changhai...     

UV/H2O2 oxidation of tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate: Intermediate products, degradation pathway and toxicity evaluation

Tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) with the initial concentration of 5 mg/L was degraded by UV/H₂O₂ oxidation process. The removal rate of TCEP in the UV/H₂O₂ system was 89.1% with the production of Cl^? and PO₄^3? of 0.23 and 0.64 mg/L. The removal rate of total organic carbon of the reaction was 48.8% and the pH reached 3.3 after the reaction. The oxidative degradation process of TCEP in the UV/H₂O₂ system obeyed the first order kinetic reaction with the apparent rate constant of 0.0025 min^?1 (R²=0.9788). The intermediate products were isolated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. The addition reaction of HO? and H₂O and the oxidation reaction with H₂O₂ were found during the degradation pathway of 5 mg/L TCEP in the UV/H₂O₂ system. For the first time, environment risk was estimated via the “ecological structure activity relationships” program and acute and chronic toxicity changes of intermediate products were pointed out. The luminescence inhibition rate of photobacterium was used to evaluate the acute toxicity of intermediate products. The results showed that the toxicity of the intermediate products increased with the increase of reaction time, which may be due to the production of chlorine compounds. Some measures should be introduced to the UV/H₂O₂ system to remove the highly toxic Cl-containing compounds, such as a nanofiltration or reverse osmosis unit.     

Responses of nitrification performance, triclosan resistome and diversity of microbes to continuous triclosan stress in activated sludge system

Triclosan(TCS) is commonly found in wastewater treatment plants,which often affects biological treatment processes.The responses of nitrification,antibiotic resistome and microbial community under different TCS concentrations in activated sludge system were evaluated in this study.The experiment was conducted in a sequencing batch reactor(SBR)for 240 days.Quantitative PCR results demonstrated that the abundance of ammonium oxidizing bacteria could be temporarily inhibited by 1 mg/L TCS and then gradually recovered.And the abundances of nitrite oxidizing bacteria(NOB) under 2.5 and 4 mg/L TCS were three orders of magnitude lower than that of seed sludge,which accounted for partial nitrification.When the addition of TCS was stopped,the abundance of NOB increased.The mass balance experiments of TCS demonstrated that the primary removal pathway of TCS changed from adsorption to biodegradation as TCS was continuously added into the SBR system.Moreover,TCS increased the abundance of mexB,indicating the efflux pump might be the main TCS-resistance mechanism.As a response to TCS,bacteria could secrete more protein(PN) than polysaccharide.Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix revealed that tryptophan PN-like substances might be the main component in PN to resist TCS.High-throughput sequencing found that the relative abundances of Paracoccus,Pseudoxanthomonas and Thauera increased,which could secrete extracellular polymeric substances(EPS).And Sphingopyxis might be the main TCS-degrading bacteria.Overall,TCS could cause partial nitrification and increase the relative abundances of EPS-secreting bacteria and TCS-degrading bacteria.     

黄河三角洲典型地区耕地土壤养分空间预测

掌握土壤养分的分布特点是实现养分优化管理的重要基础。论文选择黄河三角洲典型地区山东省垦利县为研究区,通过田间采样与实验室化验分析获取了1 278个样本（0~20 cm）的土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾数据。在经典统计分析的基础上,用地统计学方法分析了土壤养分的空间变异特征,并拟合了养分的变异函数模型。利用普通克里格法（OK）、反距离权重法（IDW）、泛克里格法（UK）、径向基函数法（RBF）和局部多项式法（LP）5种方法进行空间插值,并采用独立数据集验证对插值结果进行精度评价,进而分析了各养分空间分布规律。为深入探索各方法的适用性规律,基于AN数据设计了离散、随机、聚集3种空间分布模式的数据,利用各模型的自动优化进行试验,对比分析了不同插值方法在土壤养分空间预测中的自适应性。结果表明：1）研究区碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾均为中等强度的空间变异和中等程度的空间自相关,其变异函数模型分别为球状模型、指数模型和球状模型,决定系数依次为0.951、0.892和0.787;2）在空间分布上,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量与地形和土地利用类型等有关,西南部地势较高,以水浇地和旱田为主,东北部沿黄农田受黄河淡水影响,耕地质量较好,而中部地区地势低平,以水田为主,养分含量偏低;3）相对于块金系数/基台值,Moran’s I是更为稳健有效的衡量土壤养分空间自相关性的方法;4）论文认为,空间分布模式、样本量、空间自相关性和空间聚集程度（最近邻比）均影响插值精度。在离散模式下,各方法自适应性均较差;在随机模式下,IDW与RBF自适应性优于OK和LP;在聚集模式下,各方法自适应性与样本量和空间自相关性有关,直至样本足够多时,4种插值方法精度接近。论文探明了研究区主要土壤养分的最佳插值预测方法,分析了土壤养分的变异特征和空间分布规律,为黄河三角洲典型地区耕地土壤养分利用管理和农业可持续发展提供了理论依据。     

湿地植被对污水净化效果分析研究

人工湿地植被种植对污水净化具有显著性的改善作用,分析人工湿地植被种植与污水净化的量化关系,分析人工湿地植被种植对污水改善的原理,建立生态植被污水净化处理模式,采用多元回归分析方法人工湿地植被对水质控制和小型富营养水体生态恢复的效益因素,以营养物的去除率、重金属的去除率以及有机物去除率为指标,分析人工湿地植被种植对污水净化的生态学改善模型。研究表明,人工湿地植被种植能增加水体透明度,降低水体中的富营养物和重金属等物质,对污水具有显著性的改善作用。     

乌鲁木齐市可吸入颗粒物(PM10)与总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)的相关性规律浅析

通过对乌鲁木齐市的PM10和TSP数据的对比分析，找出PM10在TSP中所占比率（分担率）在采暖季和非采暖季的变化范围，从而使过去采集的TSP数据与PM10数据有一定的可比性，保证监测数据的连续可比。     

塔里木油田环境空气质量状况及评价

根据塔里木油田１９９３－１９９６年环境空气监测数据，对其环境空气质量状况进行了分析和评价。